Duct Construction Standards

1 PROJECT LOCATIONENGINEERSUBMITTED BYDATECOPYRIGHT 1998 WARD INDUSTRIESDuct Construction StandardsForPositive & NegativeStatic PressuresAndSubmittal DataEngineering Specifications111 Riverview Drive Monessen, PA 15062 (724) 684-5500 1-800-466-9374 FAX (724) 684-8697 * Revised to be in compliance with smacna HVACDuct Construction Standards , 2nd ed., TO THE SHEET METAL INDUSTRY WARDINDUSTRIES DUCTCONSTRUCTIONSTANDARDS IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIR evision*7thForewordFor twelve years Ward Industries has pioneered the use of the four-bolt system for transverse ductconnection. Ward Industries was one of the first to bring the four-bolt connector to the market andthrough engineering and innovation it has also been a leader in the years, Ward customers have successfully installed over 375 million feet of flange in thou-sands of installations. Examples of Ward products at work are shown L. Lawrence Convention Center Pittsburgh, PABecause of the Four Bolt Connection, the 20 wide sections of ductwork can be lifted into placewith a forklift.

2 Using this method, more than 40 feet of the huge system can be installed per Service Buildings Memphis, TennesseeBuilding Complexes cover over 30 acres under one Miles of Ward H and J Flange InstalledTested at 9 Static PressureLess than 1% LeakageTEST RESULTSThe following tests of rectangular duct sections and transverse joints were conducted in accordance with Section VII of the smacna HVAC Duct Construction Standards , 2nd ed., copies of these tests are available upon INDUSTRIES WILL PERFORM ANY ADDITIONAL TESTING THAT ANY ENGINEER,ARCHITECT, AUTHORITY, OWNER OR CONTRACTOR WOULD DEEM ReinforcementT=Conduit Type Tie Rods*=These tests were done as comparative tests, and the actual duct deflection was not recorded. They did not exceed smacna Deflection : Two (2) Tie Rods equally spaced (28 Centerline) were usedOPERATINGPRESSUREDUCT SIZESECTIONLENGTHDUCTGAUGECONNECTORTYPEC ONNECTORDEFLECTIONDUCT DEFLECTION1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 see note3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 10 10 10 10 72/1248/1260/2184/1296/1284/2160/2184/12 72/1272/1248/1284/3684/2148/1272/1260/12 76/4460/1560/2172/1248/1248/1260/1276/44 60/2148/1248/1260/1260/1248/1248/1260/12 42/12108/58120/4242/2460 60 60 60 R60 60 T60 T48 60 R60 60 60 R60 T60 60 R60 60 R60 60 T60 R60 R60 60 60 R60 T60 R60 60 48 R60 R60 60 48 60 R48 R60 R18 *.

3 *. <.750*. *.730<.750<. DuctDeflection Limits(As taken from the SMACNAHVAC Duct ConstructionStandards, 2nd ed., 1995.)Duct WallW=12 or lessW=13 to 18 W=19 to 24 W=25 to 84 W=85 to 120 Tolerance of +10%Joints & ReinforcementsW=48 or lessW=49 to 120 Tolerance of 1/2 5/8 3/4 1 Limit1/4 W/2001 WARD INDUSTRIES SYSTEMS ARE ..AN ENERGY SAVING DUCT REINFORCEMENT CONNECTIONTHE THREE WARD INDUSTRIES SYSTEMS ..provide an innovative means of joining two sections of sheet metal ductwork and provide a stronger, tighter leakproof duct connection which .. Lower the cost of the sheet metal installation and provide a significant savings in operating INDUSTRIES COMPONENTSR ecommended for 26 ga. through and including 14 ga. ductworkJ SYSTEMR ollformed from 20 Ga. Galvanized CornerE SYSTEMR ollformed from 26 Corners Neededpatent#5450879H SYSTEMR ollformed from 22 Ga. Galvanized CornerLarge sealant pocket on all three flange systemsSEALANTF lame Spread - 5 Smoke Density - 0 Fuel Contribution - 0 Life Expectancy - 20 year minimumWARD INDUSTRIES METAL CLEAT Available in both 6 pieces and 10 lengths Suitable for driving in tight installations Also available in PVCWARD INDUSTRIES GASKETA vailable in Butyl and Closed Cell NeopreneBUTYL GASKETF lame Spread - 20 Fuel Contribution - 0 Smoke Density - 0 Thickness - 3/16 Life Expectancy - 20 yr.

4 Point - 300 FCompression set - noneNEOPRENE GASKETF lame Spread - 10 Fuel Contribution - 0 Smoke Density - 0 Thickness - 5/16 Unlimited Shelf LifeRoll formed from20 ga. galvanized steelJ CORNER11 ga. galvanized steelH CORNER11 ga. galvanized steel231/2 or STANDARDSRECTANGULAR DUCT REINFORCEMENTM inimum Rigidity Class* - Minimum Gage DuctReinforcement Spacing26 dn27-30 31-36 37-42 43-48 49-54 55-60 61-72 73-84 85-96 97-108 109-120 8 E-26E-26E-24E-24E-22H-20H-20H-18J-16J-16 6 E-26E-26E-26E-24E-24H-22H-22H-20H-18J-18 J22TJ22TJ22T5 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24H-22 J26TH-22 J26TH-20 J22J-18 J22TJ22T4 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24H-24H-24H-22 J-18 J22TJ22T3 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-24H-24H-22 H-18 J-22J-18 J22T2 1/2 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-24H-24H-22 H-18 J-22H-18 J-222 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-24H-24H-22 H-18 J22H-18 J22 When referring to Table 1-3 thru Table 1-10 in the smacna HVAC Duct ConstructionStandards, 2nd ed., 1995,Use the Ward E Angle on Rigidity Class E and below;Use the Ward H Angle on Rigidty Class F , G and H Use the Ward J Angle on Rigidity Classes above H The tables as shown herein are the smacna Tables with those interpretations already conducting Joint Performance Testing as described in Section VII of the smacna HVACDuct Construction Standards , 2nd ed.

5 , 1995,it was found that in some tests, the Ward Angles(E,H and J) permitted a more liberal interpretation of the smacna tests results are shown as follows: smacna TableVariationpermitted percertified is understood that some awarding authorities might not permit the variation even though its acceptance is described inthe smacna HVAC Duct Construction Standards , 2nd ed., 1995,and therefore both options have been shown. The resultsof these certified tests which permit the variation are shown on the back page of this manual. Also, both options have beenshown, so as to provide this manual as a quick reference to smacna 4 bolt manufacturers have prepared duct Construction Standards , but Ward Industries is the only manufacturer that is in full compliance with the smacna HVAC Duct Construction Standards 2nd ed. in so much as they have had all of their flanges tested in accordance with Chapter 7, and also have certified tests from an outside independent testinglaboratory (Pittsburgh Testing Laboratories) for all the optional variations from the smacna HVAC Duct ConstructionStandards 2nd ed.

6 As or STANDARDSRECTANGULAR DUCT REINFORCEMENTM inimum Rigidity Class* - Minimum Gage DuctReinforcement Spacing14 dn15-20 21-24 25-30 31-36 37-42 43-48 49-54 55-60 61-72 73-84 85-96 97-108 109-120 8 E-26E-26E-24E-24E-22H-20H-18H-18H-186 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24E-22H-20H-20H-20H-18 J-165 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24 H-26E-24 H-26H-22 H-26H-22 J26H-22 J26H-18 JJJJJ-18 J24TJ-16 J-20J22TJ22T4 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-26H-24 J-26H-24 J-26H-22 J26TJ-20 J22J-18 J-20J-18 J22TJ22T3 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24 J-26H-24 J-26H-24 J26TH-22 J22J-20 J22J-18 J22TJ-18 J22T2 1/2 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24 J-26E-24 J-26H-24 J-26H-22 J-24H-20 J-22J-18 J-22J-18 J-222 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24 J-26E-24 J-26H-24 J-26H-22 J-24H-22J-18 J-22J-18 J-22* Each duct system shall be constructed for the specific duct pressure classifications shown on the con-tract drawings for the project. Where no specific duct pressure class designations are provided by thedesigner, the 1 water gage pressure class is the basis of compliance with these Standards , regardless ofvelocity in the duct, except when the duct is variable volume: All variable volume duct upstream of VAVboxes has a 2 basis of compliance when the designer does not give a pressure class.

7 *Because total pressure decreases in the direction of the flow, a duct Construction pressure classificationequal to fan outlet pressure ( or to fan total static pressure rating) cannot economically be imposed on theentire duct system. Pressure in ducts near room air terminals is nearly always below 1/2 *Asterisks indicate wording that is taken directly and verbatim from the smacna HVAC Duct ConstructionStandards, 2nd ed., TABLE 1-2 DUCT SEALING REQUIREMENTSSeal ClassClassSealing RequiredStatic PressureConstruction ClassAAll transverse joints, longitudinalseams and duct wall penetrationsAll transverse joints andlongitudinal seamsTransverse JointBC4 and up3 addition to the above, any variable air volume system duct of 1 and 1/2 Construction class that isupstream of the VAV boxes shall meet Seal Class or STANDARDSRECTANGULAR DUCT REINFORCEMENTM inimum Rigidity Class* - Minimum Gage DuctReinforcement Spacing12 dn13-18 19-26 27-30 31-36 37-42 43-48 49-54 55-60 61-72 73-84 85-96 97-108 109-120 8 E-26E-24E-22H-20H-18H-16J-166 E-26E-24E-24E-22H-20H-18H-18J-16J-165 E-26E-26E-26E-24H-22 E-24H-20 E-24H-20 H-18 J-18 J-16 J24TJ22TJ22 TJT22 TJT22T4 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24E-24H-22 J26TH-20 H-18 J-18 J26TJ-18 J22TJ-18 J22 TJT22 TJT22T3 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24H-24H-24 H-22H-22J-20 J-24J-18 J-20K-18 JT22 TJT22T2 1/2 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-24H-24H-24H-22 H-24J-22 J-24J-20 J-22J-18 J-22K-18 J-222 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24H-24H-24H-24 J-22 H-24J-22 J-22J-18 J-22J-18 J-22 Tie Rod InstallationsTIE ROD OPTION Construction .

8 Using the Ward RODLOCK (Conduit Type Tie Rod) Ward Industries, in their certified testing program(in accordance with Chapter 7 of the smacna HVAC Duct Construction Standards , 2nd ed., 1995)has used the Rodlock being attached to the duct wall alone as the reinforcement for the panel tie : 22 T Center tie rod:Where the Rodlock is used as a flange reinforcement, JT or HT , the conduit type tie rod is installedas shown below:Negative PressureNOTE: Do not use internal duct wall supports (tie rods) on negative pressureduct systems without first consulting with Ward Industries or STANDARDSRECTANGULAR DUCT REINFORCEMENTM inimum Rigidity Class* - Minimum Gage DuctReinforcement Spacing12 dn13-18 19-22 23, 24 25, 26 27, 28 29, 30 31-36 37-42 43-48 49-54 55-60 61-72 73-84 85-96 97-108 109-120 8 E-24E-22E-20E-18H-18H-18H-18H-166 E-26E-24E-22E-22E-22H-20H-20H-18H-18J-16 5 E-26E-24 H-26E-24 H-26E-24 H-26E-24H-22 E-24H-22 E-24 H-20 E-24H-20 E-24J-18 J26TJ-18 J26TJ-16 J24TJ24TJ20 TJT20 TJT20 TJT20T4 E-26E-26E-24 H-26E-24 H-26E-24E-24E-24H-22 E-24H-22 E-24H-20 J26TJ-18 J26TJ-18 J24TJ-16 J24TJ20 TJT20 TJT20 TJT20T3 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-24 E-24H-24 E-24H-22H-22H-20J-20 J24TJ-18 J20TK-18 JT20 TJT20 TJT20T2 1/2 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-24 E-24H-24H-24H-22J-22 J-24J-20 J-22J-18 J-20L-18 JT20L-18 JT202 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-24 H-24H-24J-24J-22J-20K-18 JT20L-18 JT20 This table shows some typical duct sizes and the weight that can be saved by changing gage per certified test: smacna Table Variation permitted per certified Size30/1836/2442/2448/2454/2460/3072/368 4/4896/48Sq.

9 Ft. per5 Ft..9126 Ft Ft. Ft. Ft. or STANDARDSRECTANGULAR DUCT REINFORCEMENTM inimum Rigidity Class* - Minimum Gage DuctReinforcement Spacing10 dn11,12 13,14 15,16 17-20 21,22 23-26 27-30 31-36 37-42 43-48 49-54 55-60 61-72 73-84 85-96 97-108 109-120 8 E-22E-22E-22E-20E-20E-18H-18H-186 E-26E-24E-22E-22E-22E-20H-20H-18H-18J-16 5 E-26E-26E-24E-24E-24E-24H-22 E-24H-22 E-24 H-20 H-22J-18 H-22J-18 J26TJ-16 J24TJ-16 J22TJ20TJ20 TJT20 TJT18 TJT18T4 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24E-24E-24H-24 E-24H-22H-20 H-22J-18 J26TJ-18 J24TJ-16 J22TJ20T J20T JT20 TJT18T JT18T 3 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-24H-22 H-22J-20J-20J-18 J-20K-16 J20 TJT20 TJT20 TJT18T2 1/2 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-26H-24 H-24H-22J-22J-20 J-24J-18 J-20K-18 JT20L-18 JT20L-18 JT182 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26H-26 H-24H-24H-24J-22 H-24J-20 J-22J-20L-18 JT20L-18 JT18 PRECAUTIONSIn any given duct system, accidental over pressure could occur and must be accounted for by design provisions.

10 Suchas fail safe features, replaceable release panels and static pressure switches that can shut down the entire : On all duct systems that are to be tested for leakage, it is recommended that the first 100 feet of completed ductwork be tested before proceeding to complete the L SHAPED DUCT WITH THE ANGLE INSTALLEDSTEP ONESTEP TWOSTEP THREESTEP FOURN otch the hammer edge of the female PittsburghLock 1/4 on a 45 degreeangle as shownIn the shop, install theangle on the duct withoutthe corner the field insert a cornerpiece into the angle at themale end of the PittsburghLockComplete the frame andbend over the hammeredge of the Pittsburgh Lockin the standard or STANDARDSRECTANGULAR DUCT REINFORCEMENTM inimum Rigidity Class* - Minimum Gage DuctReinforcement Spacing10 dn11,12 13,14 15,18 19-22 23,24 25-28 29,30 31-36 37-42 43-48 49-54 55-60 61-72 73-84 85-96 97-108 109-120 8 E-20E-20E-20E-18H-18H-18H-166 E-22E-22E-20E-20H-20H-20H-18H-18J-165 E-26E-24E-22E-22H-22H-22H-20H-18 H24TJ-18 H24TJ-16 H24TH24TJ20TJ20 TJT20 TJT20 TJT18 TJT18 TJT18T4 E-26E-24E-24E-24H-24H-22H-22H-22H-20J-18 H24TJ-18 H24TJ-16 J20TH20 TJT20 TJT20 TJT18 TJT18 TJT18T3 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24E-24H-24H-24H-22H-20 J-18 H-22J-18 J-20J-18 H20TK-16 JT20 TJT20 TJT18 TJT18 TJT18T2 1/2 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24H-24H-24H-22 H-24J-22 H-24J-20J-20J-18 J-20L-16 JT20IT16 JT18JT16 JT18KT16 JT182 E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-26E-24E-24H-24H-22 H-24H-22 H-24J-22J-22J-20K-18 JT20L-18 JT18L-18 JT18KT18 JT18 A.