Educational Services DWDM Primer - Fujitsu

1 DWDMD ense WavelengthDivision MultiplexingMay 21, 2004 dwdm PrimerAll other products or Services mentioned in this document are identified by the trademarks, service marks, or product names as designated by the companies that market those products or Services or own those marks. Inquiries concerning such products, Services , or marks should be made directly to those companiesThis document and its contents are provided by Fujitsu Network Communications, Inc. (FNC) for guidance purposes only. This document is provided as is with no warranties or representations whatsoever, either express or implied, including without limitation the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for purpose. FNC does not warrant or represent that the contents of this document are error free. Furthermore, the contents of this document are subject to update and change at any time without notice by FNC, since FNC reserves the right, without notice, to make changes in equipment design or components as progress in engineering methods may warrant.

2 No part of the contents of this document may be copied, modified, or otherwise reproduced without the express written consent of and Copyrights Unpublished work and only distributed under restriction. Copyright Fujitsu Network Communications, Inc. All Rights Reserved. NETSMART is a registered trademark ofFujitsu Network Communications Inc. FLASHWAVE is a registered trademark of Fujitsu Network Communications, is a registered trademark of Fujitsu Network Communications is a registered trademark of Fujitsu Network Communications 21, 2004iTable of ContentsDWDM PrimerFNC and FNC Customer Use OnlyLesson 1: Course DescriptionCourse Description ..1-2 Prerequisite .. Organizations .. 2: dwdm Primer OverviewPurpose .. dwdm ? ..2-5 dwdm Definition ..2-5 Discrete Transport Channels vs. dwdm Transport.

3 2-5 Service Provider Advantages ..2-7 What is a Wavelength? ..2-9 Lesson 3: Wave Division MultiplexingPurpose .. of Multiplexing ..3-5 Time Division Division Multiplexing ..3-7 Varieties of WDM ..3-7 WDM ..3-7 CWDM ..3-7 Optical Multiplexing Technology ..3-9 Optical Multiplexing Filters ..3-9 Lesson 4: Optical 4-3 Objectives .. 4-3 Optical 4-5 Tunable 4-7 Lasers as the Signal 4-9 Safety 4-9 Modulator .. 4-9 Amplifiers and Regeneration .. 4-11 Network Routes and 4-13 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier 4-15 The EDFA Amplifier .. 4-17 Fiber Bands .. 4-19 Amplifier Requirements .. 4-19 Raman Amplifiers .. 4-21 Distributed 4-21 Lesson 5: Optical Network 5-3 Objectives .. 5-3 Optical Network 5-5 Signal Bandwidth and Filtering .. 5-7 ITU-T 5-7 Impairments to dwdm Transmission .. 5-9 Bit Error Rate.

4 5-9 Eye 5-9 Forward Error Correction Solution to BER .. 5-13 Types of FEC .. 5-13In-Band 5-13 Out-of-Band 5-15 Optical Signal-to-Noise 5-17 Fiber Attenuation .. 5-19 Attenuation Loss in S-Band, C-Band, and L-Band .. 5-21 Attenuation of Optical Signal .. 5-23 Signal Amplification .. 5-23iiMay 21, 2004 dwdm PrimerTable of ContentsFNC and FNC Customer Use OnlyCross Talk in dwdm Systems ..5-25 Compensating for Cross Talk in dwdm Systems ..5-25 Fiber Dispersion ..5-25 Chromatic ..5-31 Polarization Mode Dispersion ..5-33 PMD Effect ..5-33 Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation ..5-35 Effective Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation .5-35 Lesson 6: dwdm Network SolutionsPurpose ..6-3 Reference 7420: The Ideal Metro Access WDM Transport 6-5 System Description ..6-5 System ..6-7 FLASHWAVE 7500: The Metro Core Solution.

5 6-9 System Description .. Operations ..6-11 Video ..6-11 Broadcast TV on Demand ..6-11 Near Video on Demand ..6-11 Subscription Video on Demand ..6-11 Voice ..6-13 Switched Over IP 7500 6-13 Lesson 7: dwdm AcronymsLesson 8: dwdm TermsLesson 9: End of Course 9-2 End of Course Evaluation .. 9-3 dwdm Self-Evaluation .. 9-3 Self-Evaluation Sheet (Electronic) .. 9-6 May 21, 2004iiiList of FiguresDWDM PrimerFNC and FNC Customer Use OnlyFigure 1-1: Support 1-4 Figure 1-2: FOCIS .. 1-6 Figure 2-1: Discrete Channels .. 2-4 Figure 2-2: dwdm Transport .. 2-6 Figure 2-3: Wavelength .. 2-8 Figure 3-1: Time Division 3-4 Figure 3-2: Wavelength Division 3-6 Figure 3-3: WDM 3-8 Figure 4-1: Optical Network 4-4 Figure 4-2: Tunable Laser .. 4-6 Figure 4-3: Laser Signal Sources .. 4-8 Figure 4-4: 4-10 Figure 4-5: Network 4-12 Figure 4-6: EDFA Model.

6 4-14 Figure 4-7: Erbuim-Doped Fiber Amplifier .. 4-16 Figure 4-8: Fiber Bands and Amplifiers .. 4-18 Figure 4-9: Distributed Raman 4-20 Figure 5-1: Optical Network 5-4 Figure 5-2: Signal 5-6 Figure 5-3: Eye Pattern vs. Data 5-8 Figure 5-4: Eye Pattern 5-10 Figure 5-5: Forward Error 5-12 Figure 5-6: OOB-FEC Example .. 5-14 Figure 5-7: OSNR .. 5-16 Figure 5-8: Fiber Attenuation .. 5-18 Figure 5-9: Fiber Signal Loss in S-Band, C-Band, and L-Band . 5-20 Figure 5-10: Power 5-22 Figure 5-11: Dispersion and WDM .. 5-24 Figure 5-12: Chromatic Dispersion .. 5-26 Figure 5-13: Compensation 5-28 Figure 5-14: 5-30 Figure 5-15: Polarization Mode 5-32 Figure 5-16: PMD Compensation .. 5-34 Figure 6-1: FLASHWAVE 6-4 Figure 6-2: FLASHWAVE 7420 Ring .. 6-6 Figure 6-3: FLASHWAVE 6-8 Figure 6-4: Multiservice Operations 6-10 Figure 6-5: MSO Network Solution.

7 6-12ivMay 21, 2004 dwdm PrimerList of TablesFNC and FNC Customer Use OnlyTable 1: dwdm Acronyms .. 7-2 Table 1: dwdm Terms .. 8-2 Table 1: Answers .. 9-6 Lesson 1 Course Description1-2 May 21, 2004 dwdm PrimerCourse DescriptionFNC and FNC Customer Use OnlyCourse DescriptionNameDense Wavelength Division Multiplexing PrimerPurposeThe purpose of the dwdm Primer course is to provide an introduction to dense wavelength division multiplexing ( dwdm ). Additionally, this course will discuss why dwdm is an important innovation in optical networks and the benefits it can there are no formal prerequisites for this course, the following make the course more meaningful, as an in-depth analysis of these subjects is beyond the scope of dwdm Primer course: SONET knowledge and experience Ethernet knowledge and experienceObjectivesAfter completing this course, the student should be able to: Identify dwdm optical network elements Describe dwdm characteristics Identify dwdm optical network considerations Identify Fujitsu Network Communications, Inc.

8 (FNC) products that offer network solutions May 21, 20041-3 Course DescriptionDWDM PrimerFNC and FNC Customer Use OnlyScopeThe dwdm Primer course is intended for network planners, and engineers who would like to familiarize themselves with dwdm technology. In addition, other personnel who wish to gain a general understanding of dwdm are encouraged to student guide is intended as a tool for classroom use only. Students interested in training on other aspects of FNC equipment and capabilities should investigate other courses offered by FNC, such as applicable turn-up & testing, maintenance, and engineering DocumentsThe following documents were used to develop this course: FNC-742-0031-120, System Description and Engineering (FLASHWAVE 7420) FNC-591-0013-120, System Description and Engineering (FLASHWAVE 7500) TRN-7500-TM-013, FLASHWAVE 7500 Turn-Up and Te s t TRN-7420-TM-031, FLASHWAVE 7420 Turn-Up and Te s t PMB-03-031 FLASHWAVE 7500 Product Management Bulletin (Release Announcement) PMB-03-004 FLASHWAVE 7420 Product Management Bulletin (New Product Announcement)1-4 May 21, 2004 dwdm PrimerCourse DescriptionFNC and FNC Customer Use OnlyFigure 1-1.

9 Support OrganizationsEducational ServicesRichardson, TexasRegister for class800-777-3278 ext. 4961 fax: 972-479-7117 e-mail Assistance Center (TAC)Richardson, Texas800-USE-FTAC(800-873-3822)Repair and ReturnRichardson, Texas(800-525-0303)SalesRichardson, Texas/Regional Offices800-777-FAST(800-777-3278)Technic al PublicationsRichardson, Texas800-777-FAST(800-777-3278)May 21, 20041-5 Course DescriptionDWDM PrimerFNC and FNC Customer Use OnlySupport OrganizationsFNC support organizations (see Figure 1-1) include: Educational Services Provides training on all FNC products. Classes are conducted at Richardson, Texas as well as at customers locations. Technical Assistance (Richardson, Texas) Answers questions regarding FNC products. Service is provided via telephone. Call 800-USE-FTAC (800-873-3822) for questions regarding: -Technical Performance-Equipment SpecificationsNote:FTAC stands for Fujitsu Technical Assistance Center.

10 Repair and Return (Richardson, Texas) Provides repair Services for all FNC products. Call 800-525-0303 Fujitsu Network Communications, Inc. 2791 Telecom ParkwayRichardson, Texas 75082-9983 Sales (Richardson, Texas and regional offices) Provides sales assistance for all FNC products. Call 800-777-FAST (800-777-3278) for information regarding: -Upgrades-Replacement Parts-Ordering Information-Local Sales Offices-Product Descriptions-DocumentationNote:FAST stands for Fujitsu Assistance. Technical Publications (Richardson, Texas) Additional information regarding FNC and any of the support organizations can be located at our Web site: :Online documentation is available to FNC customers on the FNC Web site by accessing Partners and FOCIS: 21, 2004 dwdm PrimerCourse DescriptionFNC and FNC Customer Use OnlyFigure 1-2: FOCISMay 21, 20041-7 Course DescriptionDWDM PrimerFNC and FNC Customer Use OnlyFOCIS FOCIS is a Web based, customer accessible repository of Fujitsu technical documentation such as.