Electronic Design Handbook

1 NOT MEASUREMENTSENSITIVEMIL-HDBK-338B1 October 1998 SUPERSEDINGMIL-HDBK-338A12 October 1988 MILITARY HANDBOOKELECTRONIC RELIABILITY Design HANDBOOKThis Handbook is for guidance only. Do not cite this documentas a requirementAMSC N/AAREA RELIDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is OF CONTENTSiiiTABLE OF ..0 REFERENCED Documents .. , Standards and Handbooks .. Referenced Documents .. OF TERMS AND ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .. of Abbreviations and STATEMENTS .. and Background .. System Engineering Process.

2 Engineering and IPTs .. Four Steps of Systems Engineering .. Effectiveness .. Considerations in System Effectiveness .. Influencing System Effectiveness .. of New Design .. Among Various System Properties .. of System Effectiveness ..4-115 .0 RELIABILITY/MAINTAINABILITY/AVAILABILITY THEORY .. Theory .. Concepts .. Distributions Used in Reliability Models .. Distributions .. (or Gaussian) Distribution .. of Reliability Calculations Using the Normal Tube Example .. Equipment Example .. Distribution .. Failure Example.

3 5-17 MIL-HDBK-338 BTABLE OF CONTENTSivTABLE OF Distribution .. Fire Control System Example .. Example .. Distribution .. System Example .. Distribution .. of Use of Weibull Distribution .. Distributions .. Distribution .. Quality Control Example .. Reliability Example .. Distribution .. With Permissible Number of Failures .. Modeling .. Failure Rate Curve .. Modeling of Simple Structures .. Configuration .. Configuration .. Configuration .. Statistics in Reliability Analysis .. Theorem .. Example (Discrete Distribution).

4 Example (Continuous Distribution) .. Theory .. Concepts .. Distributions Used in Maintainability Models .. Distribution .. Electronic System MaintainabilityAnalysis Example .. Distribution .. Example .. Distribution .. Example .. Approximation .. Theory .. Concepts .. Modeling (Markov Process Approach) .. Unit Availability Analysis(Markov Process Approach) ..5-75 MIL-HDBK-338 BTABLE OF CONTENTSvTABLE OF Trade-Off Techniques .. vs For Section 5 ..5-886 .0 RELIABILITY SPECIFICATION, ALLOCATION, MODELING ANDPREDICTION.

5 Specification .. of Specifying the Reliability of Environment and/or Use Conditions .. Measure or Mission Profile .. Definition of Failure .. of Method(s) for Reliability Demonstration .. Apportionment/Allocation .. Apportionment Technique .. Apportionment Technique (Ref. [6]) .. Technique (Ref. [7]) .. of Effort Algorithm .. Modeling and Prediction .. Procedure .. Definition .. Use Profile .. Block Diagrams .. Models .. Description .. Data .. Analysis .. Distributions .. Rates .. Item Reliability .. Reliability Models and Predictions.

6 Modeling .. Block Diagrams .. Modeling Methods .. Probability Modeling Method .. Series Model .. Parallel Models .. Series-Parallel Models .. Truth Table Modeling Method ..6-33 MIL-HDBK-338 BTABLE OF CONTENTSviTABLE OF Diagram Modeling Method .. System Modeling Methods .. Markov Modeling (Ref. [9]) .. Monte Carlo Simulation Method .. Prediction .. Models for Reliability Prediction .. Prediction Methods .. Item Prediction Method .. Count Prediction Method .. Stress Analysis Prediction Method .. Stress Analysis Techniques.

7 Sample Calculation .. Modification for Non-Exponential FailureDensities (General Case) .. Nonoperating Failure Rates .. Reliability Physics Analysis (Ref. [17] and [18]) .. Aided Reliability Prediction .. Procedure for Performing Reliability Prediction and Allocation .. for Section 6 .. ENGINEERING Design GUIDELINES .. Management .. a Preferred Parts List (PPL) .. and Device Selection .. Devices/Technology/Vendors .. Devices .. and MMIC Devices .. Encapsulated Microcircuits (PEMs) .. Hybrids .. Specifications .. Obsolescence and Diminishing ManufacturerSources (DMS).

8 Reporting, Analysis, And Corrective ActionSystem (FRACAS) .. for Reliability .. Part Reliability Assessment / Life Analysis .. for Manufacturability ..7-19 MIL-HDBK-338 BTABLE OF CONTENTSviiTABLE OF Management Plan Evaluation Criteria .. Improvement Program .. Assurance .. Qualification .. Quality Assurance .. Processes .. Criteria .. Part Derating .. of Mechanical and Structural Components .. Circuit Design .. and Overstress Protection .. Protection Networks .. Oxide Varistors (MOVs) .. Diodes .. Controlled Rectifier Protection.

9 Component Protection .. Devices Summary .. Design For Parts, Assemblies and Equipment .. Wiring Board Layout .. Grounding .. Protection With MOVs .. Protection With Diodes .. Degradation and Circuit Tolerance Analysis .. Aided Circuit Analysis .. of Computer Aided Circuit Analysis/Simulation . of Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis/SimulationPrograms .. Personal Computer (PC) as a Circuit Analysis Tool .. Design Limitations .. Voltage Gain Limitation .. Gain Limitation Considerations .. Factors .. Tolerant Design .

10 Techniques .. on Testability .. Role in the Fault Tolerant Design Process .. Tolerant Design Analysis ..7-86 MIL-HDBK-338 BTABLE OF CONTENTS viiiTABLE OF as a Design Technique .. of Redundancy .. Notation for Redundancy Computations .. Combinations .. in Time Dependent Situations .. Considerations in Design .. Redundancy .. Standby Redundancy .. Parallel Elements .. Parallel Elements .. Redundancy .. Standby Redundancy .. Failure Probabilities .. Allocation of Redundancy .. Analysis Using Markov Modeling.