地下水に関する問題 - endeavor.eng.toyo.ac.jp

1 ( ) 3 3 (1) (1)

2 (cm, m) A P= 1 m 1 t/m3=1t/ m201kg/cm2m = kg/cm2 SI h=1 m w=1 t/m3P= 1 t/m2 m/s2981kN/m2981kPaA12= m2h= [1(m)]P( ) w( ) h= p / w+ z h p / w z p w p/rwp/rw hzh z ( )

3 L h=h1-h21 mh1h2 DAB 1 m A B A B (i) (i) i = h / L Lh=h1-h21m h1h2 1 mAB DAB 1 m Darcy) ki(cm/s) A A A kiA(cm3/s) A kiA(cm3/s) k Lh=h1-h2 h1h212 AB AAB (t ) (t ) (cm3/s) v=ki (cm/s) (cm3/s) (cm/s)A (cm2) kiA (cm3/s) (cm3) (3)(/)A(2)t()kiAt(3) (cm3) (cm/s)A(cm2)t(s) kiAt(cm3) (Hazen) (Hazen) D10(cm) k C D102 (cm/s) C 150 120 70 150 120 70 (cm/s)

4 10-910-8 10-7 10-6 10-510-410-310-210-1100101102 10-2 3 10-3cm/s 10-3 1010-6cm/s h L A h h Q Q AL k=QL/Ah(cm/s) k = QL/Ah (cm/s) At kiAt (cm3)i=h/L k = QL/Aht(cm/s) h K=Q A L K=Ait A K=QLKAht t1 t2 1 2 h1 h2 a Lhk=a LA( t2-t1)lnh1h2(cm/s)(ln=loge) t1 a t1 t2dtdh a dt dh dq a t2h1h2 q dq=-adh dq dq=kAidt 2 q q -adh= kAidt -adh= kA(h/L)

5 Dt LdtLkAdhh11 A aLh 2211thdtLkAdhh 11thaLh t1dtdh 1log2121taLkAhtthhe a t2h1dtdh 12121loglogttaLkAhhaLee ah2 12211loglogttaLkAhhaLee L 121logLttkAhhaLe A L12loghaLkaLhe A 211012loghttAk LA ( ) LA v = vv=kin = = vc iv=ki Fancer, Lewis iic Rld( ) 1R vDsReynolds( ) 1Re s Re Ds v t1hh1kt2h2cv=kmvrw cv (2) AA R A-A R R=C H k=3000 H k H (m) k (m/s) r1r2h2h1 DQDdrdhrDkrDkiQkivrDvAvQ 222=====(1) (1) CrDkQHdrrDkQdhe+== log212 (2)

6 R1r2h2h1 DQCrDkQHe+=log2 (2) ====2211,,hHrrhHrr(3)(4) (2) (3) 1111ln2ln2rDkQhCCrDkQh =+=(5) r1r2h2h1DQ (2) (4) (5) 1122ln2ln2rDkQhrDkQh +=()()121212121212ln2ln2lnln2rrhhDQkrrDk QhhrrDkQhh == = s h x zDupuit xzkshkkiv == ( ) r1r2h2h1 QrhDupuit drrkQhdhdrdhrhkrhvQ ===1222 r1r2h2h1 QrhdrrkQhdh =12 []()()()1221221221221221222ln2ln221loglo g222log222121rrhhQkrrkQhhrrkQhhrkQheerre hh == = = hL A sat A (h+L ) wA sat A = ( h+L ) wA ( + w) A = ( h+L ) wA A + w A = h wA+ wLAh / L = '/ w( s- w) sat s e ic =(1 + e)

7 W= ichL A ic 8 10kN/m3 L hi= h/L ( ) 8 10kN/m3 (Piping) L1 h1i<i1= h1/L1