Garbage in, Garbage out W

1 16 Garbage in, Garbage outWe throw out so much rubbishor Garbage everyday from ourhomes, schools, shops andoffices. The grains, pulses, biscuits, milkor oil purchased in shops, are packedin plastic bags or tins. All thesewrapping material go out as sometimes buy things that arerarely used and often thrown intothe generate so much Garbage in ourday-to-day activities! We often throwgroundnut shells on public places, inbuses or trains, after eating the throw away the ticket when we getoff a bus.

2 A child might go onsharpening pencils just for fun. If wemake mistakes or spill ink on ournotebook, we tear off the sheet andthrow it away. And we also throw awaymany domestic wastes such as brokentoys, old clothes, shoes and if the Garbage is not removedfrom our homes and surroundings? Howdo you think, this will harm us? Whensafai karamcharis take the Garbage fromthe bins, where does the Garbage go andwhat happens to it? Is it possible for allof this Garbage to be changed intosomething that will not harm us?

3 Canwe contribute towards this in any way?We will look for answers to thesequestions, in this from Paheli and Boojho sschool did a project called Dealing withGarbage . We will learn about some ofthe things they learnt through DEALING WITH GARBAGES afai karamcharis collect the Garbage intrucks and take it to a low lying openarea, called a landfill (Fig. ).There the part of the Garbage thatcan be reused is separated out from theone that cannot be used as such. Thus,Fig. A landfillThe Prime Minister of India launchedthe Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM).

4 The aim of this mission is to createan open defecation-free India by2 October Step towards Cleanliness2021 22156 SCIENCEA ctivity 1 Collect the Garbage from your housebefore it is thrown into the it into two groups, so thatthey have:Group 1: Garbage from the kitchen like fruit and vegetable peels, egg shells,waste food, tea leaves. Includenewspapers, dry leaves and paper bagsin this 2: Pieces of cloth, polythenebags, broken glass, aluminium wrappers,nails, old shoes and broken divide the contents of each groupinto two separate heaps.

5 Label themFig. Putting Garbage heaps in pitsas A, B, C and D. Put one heap fromGroup 1 and one heap from Group 2into two separate plastic bags. Tie themouth of these two bags tightly. Put allthe four heaps in separate pits andcover them with soil (Fig. ). Youcan also use four pots to bury thesegarbage the soil after four days andobserve the changes in the Garbage . Ablack colour and no foul smell indicatesthat rotting of Garbage is complete. Putthe heaps again in the pits and coverwith the soil.

6 Observe again after everytwo days and note your observations assuggested. Did the Garbage .(i)rot completely and not smell?(ii)rot only partially?(iii) rot almost completely, but stillsmells bad?(iv)not change at all? Garbage in which heap was seen torot and which did not?Enter options (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) inthe columns of Table based on yourPaheli did wonder as to whatcould be useful Garbage ? Whywas it thrown away in the firstplace? Is there some Garbage thatis not actually Garbage ?

7 The Garbage has both useful and non-useful components. The non-usefulcomponent is separated out. It is thenspread over the landfill and thencovered with a layer of soil. Once thelandfill is completely full, it is usuallyconverted into a park or a play the next 20 years or so, no buildingis constructed on it. To deal withsome of the useful components ofgarbage, compost making areas aredeveloped near the landfill. What iscompost? Let us learn about it, from thefollowing 22157 Garbage IN, Garbage OUTobservations.

8 If you make any otherobservations, do not forget to write allthese down in your notebook. Do notremove and burn the Garbage that didnot the Garbage was found to rotcompletely and did not smell, mix it inthe soil where you sow your favouriteplants. This would provide nutrients tothe must have observed from thisactivity that some things in the garbagerot. They form manure which is usedfor the plants. The rotting andconversion of some materials intomanure is called composting.

9 In some cities and towns,municipalities provide separate dustbinsfor collecting two kinds of one is coloured blue and theother green. The blue bin is for materialsthat can be used again such asplastics, metals and glass. Did younotice that these are the materials thatdo not rot in the Garbage heaps? Thegreen bins are for collecting kitchen andother plant or animal wastes. You mayhave noticed that this type of wastes rotcompletely when buried in the soil. Doyou see why it is necessary forus to separate waste into twogroups as we did in Activity 1,before we throw it?

10 Have you noticed garbageheaps of dried leaves on theroadside? Most of the timethese are burnt (Fig. ).Farmers too often burn thehusk, dried leaves and part ofcrop plants in their fields afterharvesting. Burning of these, producessmoke and gases that are harmful toour health. We should try to stop suchpractices. These wastes could beconverted into useful Burning of leaves produce harmfulgases Boojho noted in his notebook: Donot burn leaves! You will not beable to tolerate the fumes!