Getting Started with Ubuntu 16 - Ubuntu Manual

1 Copyright 2010 2016 by The Ubuntu Manual Team. Some rights work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike License. To view a copy of this license, seeAppendixA, , or send a letter to CreativeCommons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, Started with Ubuntu be downloaded for free purchased A printed copy of this book can be ordered for the priceof printing and delivery. We permit and even encourage you to distribute acopy of this book to colleagues, friends, family, and anyone else who mightbe number: 125 Revision date: 2016-05-03 22:38:45 +0200 ContentsPrologue5 Welcome5 Ubuntu Philosophy5A brief history of Ubuntu6Is Ubuntu right for you?

2 7 Contact details8 About the team8 Conventions used in this book81 Installation9 Getting Ubuntu9 Trying out Ubuntu10 Installing Ubuntu Getting started11 Finishing Installation162 The Ubuntu Desktop19 Understanding the Ubuntu desktop19 Unity19 The Launcher21 The Dash21 Workspaces24 Managing windows24 Unity s keyboard shortcuts26 Browsing files on your computer26 Files file manager27 Searching for files and folders on your computer29 Customizing your desktop30 Accessibility32 Session options33 Getting help343 Working with Ubuntu37 All the applications you need37 Getting online39 Browsing the web46 Reading and composing email55 Using instant messaging59 Microblogging64 Viewing and editing photos65 Watching videos and movies68 Listening to audio and music69 Burning cds and dvds73 Working with documents, spreadsheets.

3 And presentations774 Hardware79 Using your devices79 Hardware identification79 Displays794 Getting Started with Ubuntu and using your printer81 Sound82 Using a webcam83 Scanning text and images84 Keyboard and mouse84 Other devices855 Software Management87 Software management in Ubuntu87 Using Software Center88 Managing additional software91 Manual software installation94 Updates and upgrades946 Advanced Topics97 Ubuntu for advanced users97 Introduction to the terminal97 Ubuntu file system structure99 Securing Ubuntu100 Why Ubuntu is safe100 Basic security concepts101 Users and groups101 System updates104 Firewall104 Encryption105 Running Windows Programs on Ubuntu1067 Troubleshooting111 Resolving problems111 Troubleshooting guide111 Getting more help1168 Learning More117 What else can I do with Ubuntu ?

4 117 Open source software117 Distribution families117 Choosing amongst Ubuntu and its derivatives118 Finding additional help and support120 The Ubuntu community121 Contributing122 ALicense123 Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike Legal Code123 Creative Commons Notice129 Glossary131 Credits135 Index137 PrologueWelcomeWelcome toGetting Started with Ubuntu , an introductory guide written tohelp new users get Started with goal is to cover the basics of Ubuntu (such as installation and work-ing with the desktop) as well as hardware and software management, work-ing with the command line, and security.

5 We designed this guide to besimple to follow, with step-by-step instructions and plenty of screenshots,allowing you to discover the potential of your new Ubuntu releases new versions of Ubuntu every six months; everyfourth release is a so-called long-term support (lts) version. Each Ubunturelease has a version number that consists of the year and month numberof the release, and an alliterative code name using an adjective and an an-imal. Code names are in consecutive alphabetic order, allowing a quickdetermination of which release is newer. Ubuntu (code-named XenialXerus) is considered a so-called lts version and is supported by Canon-ical with patches and upgrades for five years.

6 The previous lts versionis Ubuntu (Trusty Tahr), and has support for five years (until April2019). Whenever a new LTS version of Ubuntu is released, we will incorpo-rate updates and changes into our guide, and make a new version Started with Ubuntu not intended to be a comprehensiveUbuntu instruction Manual . It is a quick-start guide that will get you do-ing the things you need to do with your computer easily, without gettingbogged down with technical details. with the help of this guide, it shouldnot take long before new users get used to the Unity desktop includes the Launcher, the Dash, the hud, indicators, and an on-screen display notification system (osd).

7 All these features will be explainedin this more detailed information on any aspect of the Ubuntu desktop, seethe Ubuntu Desktop Guide, which can be obtained in any of the followingways: in the Dash, typehelp. in the indicator area, clickSession indicator Ubuntu Help. go , Ubuntu LTS Desktop are also many excellent resources available on the Internet. Forexample, will find documentation on in-stalling and using Ubuntu . At the Ubuntu Forums ( )and Ask Ubuntu ( ), you will find answers to manyUbuntu-related can find more information about Ubuntu sonline and system documentation inChapter8:Learning something isn t covered in this Manual , chances are you will find theinformation you are looking for in one of those locations.

8 We will try ourbest to include links to more detailed help wherever we PhilosophyThe term Ubuntu is a traditional African concept originating from theBantu languages of southern Africa. It can be described as a way of con-People sometimes wonder how to pronounceUbuntu. Eachuis pronounced the same as inthe wordputexcept for the lastuwhich ispronounced the same as in the Getting Started with Ubuntu with others living in a global community where your actionsaffect all of humanity. Ubuntu is more than just an operating system: it isa community of people coming together voluntarily to collaborate on aninternational software project that aims to deliver the best possible Ubuntu Promise Ubuntu will always be free of charge, along with its regular enterprisereleases and security updates.

9 Ubuntu comes with full commercial support fromCanonicaland hun-dreds of companies from across the world. Ubuntu provides the best translations and accessibility features that thefree software community has to offer. Ubuntu s core applications are all free and open source. We want you touse free and open source software, improve it, and pass it brief history of UbuntuUbuntu was conceived in 2004 by Mark Shuttleworth, a successful SouthAfrican entrepreneur, and his companyCanonical. Shuttleworth recognizedTo learn more about Canonical, go power of Linux and open source, but was also aware of weaknesses thatprevented mainstream set out with clear intentions to address these weaknessesand create a system that was easy to use, completely free (seeChapter8:Learning Morefor the complete definition of free ), and could competewith other mainstream operating systems.

10 with the Debian system as abase, Shuttleworth began to build Ubuntu . Using his own funds at first,Debian is the Linux operating system thatUbuntu is based upon. For more cds were pressed and shipped worldwide at no cost to therecipients. Ubuntu spread quickly, its community grew rapidly, and soonUbuntu became the most popular more people working on the project than ever before, its corefeatures and hardware support continue to improve, and Ubuntu has gainedthe attention of large organizations large organizations often find it useful to pay for support services,For information on Ubuntu Server Edition,and how you can use it in your company, has promised that the Ubuntu desktop operating systemwill always be free.