GOVERNMENT IN AMERICA People, Politics, and Policy ...

1 INSTRUCTOR'S MANUAL. to accompany Edwards * Wattenberg * Lineberry GOVERNMENT IN AMERICA . people , politics , and Policy Thirteenth Edition to accompany Comprehensive and Texas editions Mark Tiller Houston Community College Laura Matysek Wood Tarrant County College, Northwest New York Boston San Francisco London Toronto Sydney Tokyo Singapore Madrid Mexico City Munich Paris Cape Town Hong Kong Montreal This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning. Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web) will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted. The work and materials from it should never be made available to students except by instructors using the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are expected to abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials.

2 Instructor's Manual to accompany GOVERNMENT in AMERICA : people , politics , and Policy , 13th Comprehensive and Texas Editions Copyright 2008 Pearson Education All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of AMERICA . Instructors may reproduce portions of this book for classroom use only. All other reproductions are strictly prohibited without prior permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. ISBN: 0-321-48138-0. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10-OPM-10 09 08 07. CONTENTS. chapter 1 Introducing GOVERNMENT in 1. chapter 2 The Constitution .. 12. chapter 3 Federalism .. 30. chapter 4 Civil Liberties and Public Policy .. 41. chapter 5 Civil Rights and Public Policy .. 61. chapter 6 Public Opinion and Political Action .. 79. chapter 7 The Mass Media and the Political Agenda .. 92. chapter 8 Political 106. chapter 9 Nominations and Campaigns .. 121. chapter 10 Elections and Voting 134.

3 chapter 11 Interest 147. chapter 12 Congress .. 163. chapter 13 The Presidency .. 185. chapter 14 The Congress, the President, and the Budget: The politics of Taxing and 208. chapter 15 The Federal Bureaucracy .. 225. chapter 16 The Federal 241. chapter 17 Economic 264. chapter 18 Social Welfare Policymaking .. 276. chapter 19 Policymaking for Health Care and the Environment .. 287. chapter 20 National Security 298. chapter 21 The New Face of State and Local 319. iii TEXAS CHAPTERS. chapter 21 Introduction GOVERNMENT in 335. chapter 22 The Texas Constitution .. 351. chapter 23 Political Parties, Campaigns, Elections, and Interest Groups in Texas .. 370. chapter 24 The Texas 394. chapter 25 The Governor and Bureaucracy of 417. chapter 26 The Texas Court 437. chapter 27 Local GOVERNMENT .. 459. iv Introduction INTRODUCTION: TO THE INSTRUCTOR. Organization of the Textbook GOVERNMENT in AMERICA provides a solid foundation for a course in American GOVERNMENT and politics .

4 In the Eleventh Edition, the authors continue to adopt a Policy approach to American GOVERNMENT as a method of enabling students to understand the policies that governments produce. The themes of democracy and the scope of GOVERNMENT provide a basic framework for analysis that students will find practical and worthwhile. To motivate an engaged reading of the text, issues particularly relevant to college youth are raised in each chapter . GOVERNMENT in AMERICA presents information in a format that challenges students to make Policy choices, to think about how Policy choices affect them personally and to take action on Policy choices. A variety of boxed features throughout the text provide background material and examples to supplement the contents of the chapter . The You Are the Policymaker sections present Policy questions that have confronted policymakers. Students are invited to analyze each issue and reach their own conclusions.

5 chapter 4. includes a series of special features entitled You Are the Judge, which describes a real case brought before the courts and asks the student to evaluate the case and render a judgment about it. A Generation of Change features an element in American politics that is quickly evolving or being reexamined. Practical politics . is emphasized in How You Can Make a Difference (which suggests ways in which students might engage in political activity), and Young people and politics , emphasizes current political issues and conflicts from the perspective of youth. Finally, AMERICA in Perspective employs a comparative approach, contrasting issues and institutions of American GOVERNMENT with those of other countries around the world. While each of these features is included to sustain students' interest in reading the chapter text, they should also be considered important pedagogical devices, particularly as opportunities to enhance class discussion and debate.

6 Organization of the Instructor's Manual This Instructor's Manual is intended as a comprehensive supplement to the textbook. For the most part, the words in the Manual are those of the authors of the textbook, and the outline parallels the organization of the text. Each chapter of the Instructor's Manual includes the following features: Pedagogical Features pinpoint special features included in each chapter that provide learning tools for both students and instructors. Learning Objectives point to important concepts and skills that the student should obtain from each chapter , provided in a brief list format. The chapter Overview provides a summary of the chapter , with key terms and concepts highlighted with bold print or italics. The chapter outline contains a detailed outline of the chapter that parallels the presentation in the textbook. Key Terms and Concepts list major terms, principles, and political events, most of which appear in bold print in the textbook, along with definitions for each of these terms.

7 Teaching Ideas: Class Discussion and Student Projects recommends questions for class discussion and for student research. Many of the topics augment questions that were raised within the body of the textbook. v Introduction Media Suggestions include films that might be used to illustrate important principles or processes discussed in each chapter . These films might be shown during class periods, or even assigned for student viewing prior to coming to class. Most of the videos and films included in the Media Suggestions section can be obtained from three sources. Information on PBS videos is available at while information on videos from Films for the Humanities can be obtained at Insight Media can be reached at Finally, instructors might want to consider a variety of other text supplements offered by Longman Publishers, including a printed Test Bank, TestGen-EQ CD-Rom that contains all the test bank questions and can be used to generate instructor-selected questions, Study Guide, acetate transparencies of charts and graphs from the text or a politics in Action video.

8 Vi chapter 1. chapter ONE: INTRODUCING GOVERNMENT IN AMERICA . PEDAGOGICAL FEATURES. p. 4 Figure : The Political Disengagement of College Students Today p. 5 Figure : Age and Political Knowledge: 1964 and 2004 Compared p. 6 Figure : Presidential Election Turnout Rates by Age, 1972 2004. p. 12 Figure : The Policymaking System p. 13 Table : Types of Public Policies p. 26 Key Terms p. 27 Internet Resources p. 27 Get Connected: The Policymaking System p. 28 For Further Reading LEARNING OBJECTIVES. After studying this chapter , students should be able to: Distinguish among the fundamental concepts of GOVERNMENT , politics , and public Policy . Understand how GOVERNMENT , politics , and public Policy are interrelated. Ascertain how people can influence the GOVERNMENT 's Policy agenda. Describe the basic concept of the policymaking system. Determine the essential principles of traditional democratic theory. Examine the three contemporary theories of American democracy: pluralism, elite and class theory, and hyperpluralism.

9 Discuss and analyze the challenges to democracy presented in the text. Understand how the components of American political culture liberty, egalitarianism, individualism, laissez-faire, and populism contribute to democracy and shape GOVERNMENT . Begin to assess the two questions that are central to governing and that serve as themes for this textbook: How should we govern? and What should GOVERNMENT do? chapter OVERVIEW. INTRODUCTION. politics and GOVERNMENT matter that is the single most important message of this book. Despite the fact that GOVERNMENT substantially affects each of our lives, youth today are especially apathetic about politics and GOVERNMENT . Whether because they feel they can't make a difference, the political system is corrupt, or they just don't care, young Americans are clearly apathetic about public affairs. And while political apathy isn't restricted to young people , a tremendous gap has opened up between the young (defined as under age 25) and the elderly (defined as over 65) on measures of political interest, knowledge, and participation.

10 1. chapter 1. The goal of GOVERNMENT in AMERICA is to assist students in becoming well-informed citizens by providing information and developing critical analytical skills. GOVERNMENT AND politics . This chapter introduces the fundamental concepts of GOVERNMENT , politics , and public Policy , and defines the ways in which the three are interrelated. GOVERNMENT consists of those institutions that make authoritative public policies for society as a whole. Regardless of how their leaders assume office, all governments have certain functions in common: they maintain national defense, provide public goods, use police powers to maintain order, furnish public services, socialize the young into the political culture, and collect taxes to pay for the services they provide. Part of what GOVERNMENT does is provide public goods services that can be shared by everyone and cannot be denied to anyone. Throughout GOVERNMENT in AMERICA , two fundamental questions about governing serve as themes: How should we govern?