Guidelines for essential trauma care

1 Guidelines for essentialtrauma careINTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SURGERY SOCIETE INTERNATIONALE DE CHIRURGIEINTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE SURGERY OF TRAUMAAND SURGICAL INTENSIVE- care World Health OrganizationAvenue Appia 201211 Geneva 27 SwitzerlandTel +41-22-791-2533 Fax 92 4 154640 9 The International Association for the Surgery of trauma and Surgical Intensive Carewas founded in 1988. Its goal is to provide a forum for exchanging information and developingnew knowledge in the field of trauma surgery and surgical intensive care , whether by clinicalexperience or laboratory investigation.

2 It accomplishes this goal through scientific meetings, pub-lications, and training courses. It is an integrated society within the broader International Societyof Surgery-Soci t Internationale de Chirurgie, which was founded in 1902, has over 3000members in 80 countries, and is compromised of members at large and those in 4 integratedand 14 participating societies. IATSIC itself has 270 members in 53 countries, distributed onevery s membership consists of surgeons in good professional standing, who have a major inter-est and an active practice in trauma surgery and/or surgical intensive care .

3 Contributions to thescientific literature pertinent to trauma surgery and surgical intensive care are also an impor-tant factor in determining membership. Interested surgeons meeting such requirements areencouraged to apply to:IATSIC Secretariat4 Taviton StreetLondon, WC1H 0BT, United KingdomTelephone:+44 (0) 20 7679 4517, Facsimile:+44 (0) 20 7813 2844 Email: Website: World Health Organizationwas established in 1948 as a specialized agency of the UnitedNations serving as the directing and coordinating authority for international health matters andpublic health.

4 One of WHO s constitutional functions is to provide objective and reliable infor-mation and advice in the field of human health, a responsibility that it fulfils in part through itsextensive programme of Organization seeks through its publications to support national health strategies and addressthe most pressing public health concerns of populations around the world. To respond to theneeds of Member States at all levels of development, WHO publishes practical manuals, hand-books and training material for specific categories of health workers; internationally applicableguidelines and standards; reviews and analyses of health policies, programmes and research;and state-of-the-art consensus reports that offer technical advice and recommendations for decision-makers.

5 These books are closely tied to the Organization s priority activities, encom-passing disease prevention and control, the development of equitable health systems based onprimary health care , and health promotion for individuals and communities. Progress towardsbetter health for all also demands the global dissemination and exchange of information thatdraws on the knowledge and experience of all WHO s Member countries and the collaborationof world leaders in public health and the biomedical ensure the widest possible availability of authoritative information and guidance on healthmatters, WHO secures the broad international distribution of its publications and encouragestheir translation and adaptation.

6 By helping to promote and protect health and prevent andcontrol disease throughout the world, WHO s books contribute to achieving the Organization sprincipal objective the attainment by all people of the highest possible level of for essential trauma careINTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SURGERY SOCIETE INTERNATIONALE DE CHIRURGIE andINTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE SURGERY OF TRAUMAAND SURGICAL INTENSIVE CAREWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONWHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication DataWorld Health for essential trauma care /Injuries and Violence PreventionDepartment.

7 World Health Organization and the International Associationfor the Surgery of trauma and Surgical Intensive care (IATSIC),International Society of Surgery/Soci t Internationale de and injuries therapy medical services organization and administration medical services Association for the Surgery of trauma and Surgical Intensive care 92 4 154640 9(NLM Classification: WO 700) World Health Organization 2004 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from Marketing and Dissemination, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27,Switzerland (tel:+41 22 791 2476; fax:+41 22 791 4857; email: Requestsfor permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications whether for sale or for noncom-mercial distribution should be addressed to Publications, at the above address (fax:+41 22 7914806.))

8 Email: designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not implythe expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization con-cerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concern-ing the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximateborder lines for which there may not yet be full mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers products does not imply thatthey are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to othersof a similar nature that are not mentioned.

9 Errors and omissions excepted, the names of pro-prietary products are distinguished by initial capital World Health Organization does not warrant that the information contained in this publi-cation is complete and correct and shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of by minimum graphicsPrinted in ChinaSuggested citation: Mock C, Lormand JD, Goosen J, Joshipura M, Peden for essential trauma care . Geneva, World Health Organization, 2004 ContentsiiiPreface by Etienne Krug, WHOvForeword by Stephen Deane, IATSICviiContributorsixAcknowledgementsx 1.

10 Executive summary12. Orientation to the essential trauma care Goals of the essential trauma care Disparities in outcome of Elements of trauma care to Foundations on which to Evidence of the impact of better organization of trauma Development process for essential trauma Overlap with other activities93. essential trauma services : needs of the injured patient114. Inputs needed to achieve essential trauma Resource matrix: Resource matrix: necessary elements of trauma Resource matrix: range of health Resource matrix: designation of priorities165.