IIHF Ice Rink Manual

1 38 INTERNATIONAL ICE HOCKEY IntroductionThere are a lot of construction projects fornew buildings of any use running all around theworld continuously. The operation of these com-ing facilities is based on earlier experience of theinvestors. From this point of view, the decision-making is rather simple, even if the decision makersare not professionals in the construction rinks are special type of buildings andshould be treated as such. Unfortunately, thereare still plenty of new ice rinks and arenas beingdeveloped without the input of specialists. In theseprojects, there is the potential for major problemsduring the process of construction and order to have a proper cost and operationstructure for a new ice rink project, the specialfeatures of an ice rink must be known, under-stood and taking care modern ice rink needs special tools tocontrol the indoor climate, especially the temper-ature and humidity factors.

2 These features are notcomparable to common buildings. If one does nottake these elements into into consideration theymight cause remarkable problems in a very shorttime. This means within 2 to 3 years. Too highhumidity of the indoor climate can easily causeserious corroding problems in steel structures anddecay in wooden structures. Saving costs in the wrong area will lead toserious damage in a short period of time. Even ina country like Finland, where some hundred icerinks have been built in last thirty years, somewood framed ice rinks have major decay damageonly 4 years after the completion, due to ignoringthe humidification issue in the mechanical continuous increasing demand of thepublic is resulting in a higher requirement forthe quality of the ice rink indoor climate.

3 To havethe temperature just above the ice surface on - 4degrees centigrade, but +18 degrees centigradeonly a few meters behind the dasher board on thefirst seating row are common requirements inmany ice rinks and solutions that are too simple cancause extremely high operational costs. Advancedtechnology can reduce energy consumption andoperating costs by up to 50 per cent in existingand proposed arena facilities, while also improv-ing the indoor climate for the customers. Energy costs make it necessary to strive forenergy efficiency. This element plays a key role inthe decision to invest in a new ice rink . The latersuccess with respect to the operational costs ismade in the design phase. A clever design in com-bination, with the right technical features andskilled maintenance personnel will have a consid-erable effect on the level of operating costs.

4 The idea of this Manual is to offer technicaland financial guidelines for a small , modern icerink, which is not the most low-priced and simplefacility. This prototype is a customer-based facilitythat gives operators and investors the opportunityto operate an economically successful facility, whileproviding the customer with high-level service andwide range of iihf prototype ice rink provides apalette of services for on ice and dry floor possi-bilities as mentioned in Chapter 2. Like in majormulti-purpose arenas, it will be rather easy tochange the ice surface quickly into a Construction costsThe different structural solutions, materialsand equipment for building services have a greatimpact on the construction costs. The iihf work-ing group has made the decision to design an IIHFice rink prototype.

5 The result of this decision isthat the technical features are chosen, and alsothe structure, layout and volume of the technical features are described more detailedin chapters , and of this 4 Economic profile of theIIHF ice rink prototypeChapter 4 Public skating and equipment rental are good ways to boost ICE HOCKEY FEDERATION39 iihf prototype ice rinkLemmink inen Construction groups according to DIN 276 Preliminary cost estimate%100 Site costs200 Utilities300 Construction costs1,341, Earth works123,855320 Foundation (incl. ice pad)265,825330 External walls118,220340 Internal walls138,240350 Ceilings110,325360 Roofing193,400370 Fittings366,232390 Other construction works25,000400 Mechanical and electrical works479, Sewage, plumbing79,200420 Heating35,200430 Ventilation, Dehumidification118,800440 Electricity, high voltage110,000450 Telefommunication, data network, ,600460 Elevators0470 Refrigeration unit79,200480 Building automation30,800490 Other M&E works8,800500 Site finishing100, Yard works25,000520 Yard finishing25,000530 External construction works40,000540 External M&E works10,000550 External fittings0590 Other external works0600 Equipment165, Equipment (ice resurfacer, dasher board, score board etc.)

6 165,000700 Design, project management233, Project supervisor35,000720 Project preliminary costs10,000730 Architect design and engineering150,000740 Inspection fees ,000750 Art works0760 Financing0770 General project costs25,000790 Other costs5,000 Cost groups 100-700 total 2,318, project development costs (8%) 197,089 Total project costs (netto) 2,515,786 Some special notes:1) Cost structure finally depends on the operational construction realization (MC, CM, ), calculation for location Munich, Germany2) Cost groups 100 and 200 must be defined separately based on the site characteristicsChapter 440 INTERNATIONAL ICE HOCKEY FEDERATIONThis is a turn-key cost estimate for iihf prototype ice rink . The iihf working group wouldlike to underline that this cost calculation is nota cost guarantee in any form.

7 This calculationmerely gives you as an investor, developer or sportsenthusiast, a good indication of the total costwhen you have decided to build a small ice continents and countries the con-struction costs are going to vary, even when weuse the same technical definitions. The cost esti-mate shown in the Manual is based on the loca-tion in the city of Munich, Germany. Please be aware that lower labour costs insome countries in comparison with the cost levelin Germany automatically lead to notable many cases the lower labour cost level is bal-anced by paying extra on import taxes of technicalequipment or by the increasing number of em-ployees because of the lack of model of the cost calculation is basedon the German DIN 276 form, which is widelybeen used in Central Europe.

8 On the other hand itis rather easy to transform this cost estimate intoanother calculation costs of the site and the utilities are notincluded in the total summary. These are also theitems of the costs in order to have neutrality in thecost Operational ExpensesThe major utilitiesrequired in an ice rinkoperation are electricity, gas, and water. Alsomonthly fees related to the external financing (seechapter 5), mortgage payments, should be lookedat on a case-by-case basis. Maintaining a sheet of ice is a 24-hourcommitment. The owners cannot simply turn offthe electricity to the refrigeration plant when thebuilding is closed. There are proven methods toefficiently operate an ice rink . It is also important to work with the localutility companies to establish favourable agree-ments for the facility.

9 A common way to reducethe fixed costs is to negotiate partner agree-ments with a local telephone company or a localgarbage disposal company or other similar making the budget for the opera-tional costs one should take into considerationthe tasks that could be fulfilled by volunteers. Thispossibility would improve cost reduction. The taskscould be: Maintenance of the facility Cleaning Ice resurfacer maintenanceAlso mechanical service contracts haveto be work that has to bedone by experts, which could include maintenanceof the refrigeration plant and the ice resurfacer. List of monthly expenses Financing costs Utilities electricity Utilities gas Utilities water, sewer Insurance - Liability and Property Real estate taxes Other taxes licenses and fees Telephone Office expenses Cleaning supplies Trash removal Facility maintenance Personnel costsPersonnel All ice facilities require a competent, well-trained staff to help the rink succeed.

10 As previ-ously noted, the cost to open an ice facility issubstantial. It is important to have a staff thatunderstands the ice business and can operate thefacility at maximum efficiency and to the fact that a single sheet facility mayoperate for 18 hours a day, 7 days a week, thefacility will need related man-hours to cover some countries, it is possible to utilizevolunteer staff to cover many of the hours. How-ever one should be aware that volunteer workethics and expertise might be lacking. For a suc-cessful operation, the total number of staff can beadjusted. With larger public sessions or specialevents, a bigger staff will be necessary. The rink manageris the key to a success-ful operation. The manager must oversee thewhole spectrum of activities and services andshould operate a customer-based operation.