IMOのSOx規制強化による船舶用燃料への影響 2

1 JPEC 1 27 10 13 IMO SOx (2) IMO International Maritime Organization IMO 1983 2005 10 2015 1 ECA Emission Control Areas 2020 2025 ECA VI IMO SOx SOx LNG 4 Exhaust Gas Cleaning System EGCS EGCS

2 scrubber 222000111555 111888 4 1 4-1 2 4-2 3 5 4 5-1 5 5-2 6 5-3 7 5-4 7 5-5 8 6 LNG 10 6-1 10 6-2 12 6-3 12 7 13 JPEC 2 4-1 MAN Diesel & Turbo MAN 2 Stroke Diesel Engine 80% 1 4 Stroke Diesel Engine 50% MAN MAN Alfa Laval Alfa Laval SOx PureSOx SOx 98% W rtsil 2 Stroke Diesel Engine 2 4 Stroke Diesel Engine 1 HP 3 P7 8 HP 9 5 250 1.

3 000 10MW 1 3 300 9 W rtsil W rtsil HP JPEC 3 Belco Technologies dupont dupont Marine scrubber 40 SOx PM 3 Clean Marine Torvald Klaveness Group 2 10 4-2 2014 2 ClassNK SOx SOx 11 9 W rtsil W rtsil HP 10 Clean Marine Clean Marine HP 11 SOx HP JPEC 4 ECA 2014 4 SOx 98% 2014 3 95.

4 000 DWT 3 2014 12 MTI Class NK Sembcorp Marine Technology 2020 2025 SOx Singapore Maritime Institute ECA CO2 5 EIA International Energy Statistics 2012 304 BPD 546 BPD 2012 9,034 BPD 2012 134 BPD 219 BPD 2,991 BPD ECA 57% 61% 12 13 ECA 2015 1 2020 2025 ECA JPEC 5 IMO VI 5-1 2014 4.

5 200 5 42% 2012 2012 8 ECA 9 Shell Trading Marine Fuels LSFO RMG 380 Low Sulfur Fuel Oil 2013 2014 11 LSMGO Low Sulfur Marine Gas Oil 2015 6 LSFO 2014 10 4 2015 BPD 2012 12 JPEC BPD (2012 ) 13 JPEC JPEC 6 2015 1 ECA LSFO LSMGO 20112012201320142015 MGO15714511810248 MDO10000 MFO 180164125957534 MFO 380 3,4123,3693,2073,1811,607 MFO 500 180 380 500 ,3154,2694,2684,2422.

6 156 5-2 2012 6 SK Energy GS Caltex 1 ECA 2010 1% 2013 3 2015 SK Energy ULSFO Rotterdam 7 ISO8217 RME180 20 30mm2/sec 50 C 2013 4 S-Oil Onsan BPD ECA S-Oil Onsan The Bunker C Oil Cracking Center C 2014 6 70 16 20 5 JPEC 7 5-3 3 12 2012 EIA 712 1,427 860 1,569 Chimbusco Pan Nation Holdings 250 6.

7 850 ECA 2012 9 2012 ExxonMobil 31 25 26 Chimbusco Sinopec 10 Chevron 5-4 China Marine Bunker PetroChina 30 119 Sinopec Fuel Oil Sales Sinopec 1 2011 7 20 14 2015 5 Sinopec BP BP Sinopec Marine Fuels 50/50 14 Sinopec Sinopec HP JPEC 8 UAE 5-5 BP 2000 2,123 BPD 2014 3.

8 086 BPD 1999 2000 554 BPD 2014 430 BPD 2000 26% 2014 14% C C VI 6 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 A B C A C 2012 3,339 k BPD A 1,376 k BPD B C C 863 k BPD A B C 63% B C C 1,975 k BPD 2015 4 27 31 31 2019 B C 524 k 24 7 B C 39% C 6 BPD JPEC 9 4 -6 7 -9 10 -12 1 -3 4 -6 89,400203,39298,832149,77446,038 20,8130000A 23,99636,14618,80012,1766,022 197,353246,219254,127231,389258,028 00044,79730,543 36,230043,95081,93332,241 52,4350010,038170,888 765,103744,211613,927952,162583.

9 145 088,65568,61600 1,051,1211,079,085980,6201,320,3191,074, 845 145,50529,906028,5980 1,196,6261,108,991980,6201,348,9171,074, 8452014 2015 B C 2014 2015 6 2012 2,400 BPD 8,600 BPD A 17,300 BPD 1,300 BPD B C 94,000 BPD 78,000 BPD 7 2015 1 -3 4 -6 7 -9 10 -12 1 -3 269,215100,002245,865152,74673,226 51,1640148,23578,0980 000156,66794,249 368,605556,409546,754466,883435,625 081,89640,60000 769,921133,873241,021375,726590,348 1,598,176872,1801,222,4751,240,1201,238, 748 2,359,8371,676,2632,211,4311,966,2262,58 9,213 29,11618,45718,21024,41062,814 11,400011,26841,96837,773 53,60921,617104,478130,54685,500 105,62556,098133,956220,081192,793 121,69370,715151,319237,769215,706 45,60265,00360,00388,55455,003 54,391118,145138,591172,50133,074 204,058171,431135,945131,084138,910 18,84134,15622,13014,71221,370 83,058191,11450,490223,81934,374 387,109548,693400,139643,453278,661 1,357,8391,459,4421,305,0661,603,5271,07 8,2422014 B C A 8 k 7 k 26 JPEC 10 2014 4 2015 3 79,000 BPD A 10,400 BPD B C 32.

10 000 BPD 8 6 LNG LNG 50 LNG LNG SOx NOx CO2 ECA LNG 6-1 Baltic Ports Organaization BPO 9 45 15 BPO EU LNG LNG LNG in Baltic Sea Ports 2014 Copenhagen Helsinki Tallinn 7 LNG 2014 1 2015 5 LNG