Introduction to Digital Signal Processing

1 ~zainul/ This Home Page is formy students who are taking the following Classes as below:- 1) Digital Signal ProcessingEEEB363 Section 1A. (for CC Students only) 2) Digital Signal ProcessingEEEB363 Section 1B/C.(for EE/EP Students only)Lecturer :-Prof. Emeritus Dato Dr. IrZainul Abidin Md Sharrif. Course Code:-EEEB363 Course Title :- Digital Signal Processing Prerequisites:-Signals and Systems (EEEB233) Upon completion of the course, the student should have a solid foundation in basic Digital Signal Processing . Aims/ObjectivesTo introduce the concepts, theory, techniques and applications associated with the understanding of Digital Signal Processing . To develop methods for Processing discrete-time signals. To understand the processes of analog-to- Digital and Digital -to-analog conversion.

2 To understand the discrete Fourier transform , fast Fourier transform, design and implementation of Digital filters. To be aware of some applications associated with Digital Signal Processing . EEEB363/4 Digital Signal Processing Adopted Text Book:- Digital Signal Processing -A Computer Based Approach, by S. K. Mitra. Published by McGraw Hill International, 3rdEdition, 4thEdition References:1. Discrete Time Signal Processing A. V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schafer Second Edition Publisher Prentice Hall Digital Signal Processing -A Practical Approach By E. C. Ifeachor and B. W. Jervis. Published by Addision-Wesley publishing Company, Year:19963. Signals and Systems by A. V. Oppenheim, A. S. Willsky, and H. S. Nawab. Published by Prentice Hall, 2nd edition. Year Signal Processing First by James H.

3 McClellan, R. W. Schafer, and M. A. Yo-der. Published by Prentice Hall, Description Signal Processing is a method of extracting information from Signal which in turn depends on the type of Signal and the nature of information it carries. Therefore, Signal Processing is concerned with the representing signals in mathematical terms and extracting the information by carrying out algorithmic operations on the Signal . A Signal can be mathematically expressed in terms of basic functions in original domain of independent variable or it can be expressed in terms of basic functions in transformed domain. In this course we will use tools available in both domains to analyze signals and systems in discrete time completion of the course, students should be able to do the following: 1 Compute the discrete-time convolution of two signals.

4 2. Use the concepts of linearity, time-invariance, causality, and stability to classify a discrete-time system. 3. Evaluate the frequency response of a discrete-time, linear time-invariant (LTI) system from its impulse response and vice versa. 4. Understand and be able to apply the definition, properties, and applications of the Discrete-time Fourier Transform (DTFT). 5. Explain and apply sampling theorem, analog to Digital and Digital to analog conversion. Understand ideal sampling and reconstruction. 6. Design DSP systems for Processing continuous-time signals. 7. Be able to apply definition and properties of Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). 8. Use DTFT, DFT, and FFT to analyze discrete time signals and systems. 9. Be able to use the definition and properties of Z-transform to describe, and analyze the behavior of LTI systems, 10.

5 Describe the input-output characteristics of a LTI system in both time domain and frequency domain. Relate the poles and zeros of the system to its frequency response, phase response, and stability and causality properties. 11. Design and implement different frequency selective Finite Impulse Response (FIR), and Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filters to meet frequency domain specifications. 12. Describe engineering trade-offs in filter design. Understand linear and nonlinear phase content and time allocation and Signal Processing :-(6 Hours) Characterization and Classification of Typical Signal Processing Examples of Typical Typical Signal Processing Why Digital Signal Processing ? Signals and Systems:-(4 Hours) Discrete-Time Typical Sequences and Sequence Discrete-Time Time-Domain Characterization of LTI Discrete-Time Correlation of Signals.

6 Fourier Transform:-(4 Hours) The Continuous-Time Fourier The Discrete-Time Fourier Discrete-Time Fourier Transform Theorems Band-Limited Discrete-Time The Frequency Response of an LTI Discrete-Time Phase and Group Delays. Processing of Continuous-Time Signals:-(6 Hours) Sampling of Continuous-Time Sampling of Bandpass Analog Lowpass Filter Design of Analog Highpass, Bandpass, and Bandstop Anti-Aliasing Filter Reconstruction Filter Design 6course content and time allocation. continued. Length Discrete Transforms:-(6 Hours) The Discrete Fourier Relation Between the Fourier Transform and the DFT, and Their DFT Symmetry Discrete Fourier Transform Computation of the DFT of Real Decimation in Time and Decimation in Frequency. :-(4 Hours) - Definition and Properties Rational Region of Convergence of a Rational The Inverse z-Transform z-Transform Properties The Transfer Function Discrete-Time Systems in the Transform Domain:-(4 Hours) Transfer Function Classification Based on Magnitude Transfer Function Class ideation Based on Phase Types of linear-Phase Transfer Inverse Systems Filter Structures:-(2 Hours) Block Diagram Representation Basic FIR Digital Filter Basic IIR Digital Filter Structures.

7 Filter Design & FIR Filter Design:-(6 Hours)8 Course Outcomes Represent Infinite/Finite Length sequences in terms of Time-Domain and Frequency-Domain representation by applying the Discrete-time Fourier Transform (DTFT). Explain and apply sampling theorem, analog to Digital , Digital to analog conversions and Signal reconstruction. Determine the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of discrete Signal . Analyze and describe the behavior of an LTI system according to its poles and zeros and properties of Z-transform. Design and implement different frequency selective Finite Impulse Response (FIR), and Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filters to meet frequency domain specifications. Analyze the input output of the linear and non-linear phase response of an LTI system from the basic structure.

8 Able to simulate the DSP concepts using MATLAB and Real-Time laboratory implementation using DSP board. Able to produce a lab report based on the results of experiment and Policy: Test20% Laboratory & Assignment30% Final:50% Total:100% Signal ProcessingDigital Signal ProcessingAnalog Signal ProcessingDigital Signal ProcessingDigital audio signalprocessingDigital controlengineeringDigital imageprocessingDigital Signal ProcessingSpeech Signal processingCommunicationssignal processingWhat Is DSP?a bit loudAnalog ComputerDigital ComputerADCDSPDACOUTPUT10101001 IntroductionDigital Signal Processing Digital : converting and using of discrete signals to represent information in the form of numbers Signal : a variable parameter that convey information. Processing : to perform operations on the numbers according to programmed instructions A Typical DSP System DSP Chip Memory Converters (Optional)

9 Analog to Digital Digital to Analog Communication Ports Serial ParallelDSPMEMORYADCPORTSDACM ultiply and AddMost Common Operation in DSP A = B*C + DMultiply, Add, and AccumulateE = F*G + Instruction1+2 = 3+000100100011 AddMultiply5*3 = 15 Typically 70 Clock Cycles With Ordinary ProcessorsMAC Operation0101xxxx84210011001100110011xxx x0000001100000011=53 Shifted and added multiple timesTypically 1 Clock Cycle With Digital Signal ProcessorsDigital ComputersSTOREDPROGRAMANDDATAARITHMETICL OGIC UNITINPUT/OUTPUTvon Neuman MachineHarvard ArchitectureSTOREDPROGRAMARITHMETICLOGIC UNITINPUT/OUTPUTSTOREDDATAADDDAAA = ADDRESSD = DATATMS320 Family16-Bit Fixed Point Devices C1xHard-Disk Controllers C2xFax Machines C2xxEmbedded Control C5xVoice Processing C54xDigital CellularPhones32-Bit Floating Point Devices C3xVideophones C4xParallel ProcessingOther Devices C6xAdvanced VLIWP rocessor Wireless Base Stations/Pooled Modems C8xVideo Conferencing A Typical

10 DSP DevelopmentDSPASSEMBLERHIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGEEMULATORADD A, BTools of the TradeTESTS/W DESIGNOK?YNPRODUCTCODE111000100101000010 01 Why Digital Processing ? Advantages to Digital Processing Programmability Stability Repeatability Special ApplicationsADCDACPROCESS One Hardware = Many Tasks Upgradability and Flexibility Develop New Code Upgrade Analog Solder New ComponentProgrammabilityLOW-PASS FILTERMUSIC SYNTHESIZERMOTOR CONTROLSOFTWARE 1 SOFTWARE 2 SOFTWARE VariabilityAnalog Circuits are affected by Temperature AgingTolerance of ComponentsTwo Analog Systems using the same design and components may differ in performance1k + 10 years = Digital RepeatabilityPerfect Reproducibility Nearly identical performance from unit to unit Performance not affected by tolerance No drift in performance due to temperature or aging Guaranteed accuracyA CD player always plays the same music qualityDigital Signal Processing