Keyacid Rhodamine WT Liquid

1 Keystone Aniline R&D Laboratories Technical Bulletin 89 Product Name: Keyacid Rhodamine WT LiquidProduct Code: 703-010-27 Keystone Aniline Corporation offers dyes specifically for water tracing (SeeTB 65) including Keystone Rhodamine WT Liquid , (Color Index, Acid Red 388). Keyacid Rhodamine WT Liquid is a bright fluorescent red dye with exceptionallyhigh tinctorial strength and a low tendency to stain silt, dirt, organic (plants) and othersuspended matter in fresh and salt waters. It is designed for water tracing byfluorometry or by visual methods and is detectable at 10 PPT (Parts Per Trillion)under ideal conditions with state-of-the-art fluorometers. The detectability in verypolluted water is in the ppb (Parts Per Billion) WT Liquid is approximately 50% the spectrophotometric strength ofRhodamine B with similar tinctorial impact and approximately 21% active dye content.

2 For these reasons, it is used as a substitute for Rhodamine B in water tracingapplications. However, in part because of its association with Rhodamine B, thesafety and possible carcinogenicity of Rhodamine WT Liquid is the support for the use of Rhodamine WT Liquid is a study conducted by SRII nternational of Menlo Park, CA. The study evaluated the risk level involved inexposure to trace levels of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) in streams in which aRhodamine WT flow tracer was used. The study determined that the ability ofRhodamine WT to form DNEA in nitrite rich waters presented a negligible risk andwell below the standard set by the EPA for drinking water. Rhodamine WT wasgranted clearance for use as a tracer dye in potable water applications. (4)The Department of National Health and Welfare, Ottawa, Canada, published a studyof the Mutagenic activity of the dye (5) in vitro and in vivo mammalian assays.

3 Thein vitro mammalian tests resulted in negligible or low levels of chromosomalanomalies and certain types of DNA damage even at very high con centrations of thedye. Furthermore, no evidence of in vivo genetic activity was observed either interms of bone marrow micronuclei or sperm the way you think about ColorKeyacid Rhodamine WT LiquidTypical PropertiesAppearance:Clear, very dark red aqueous solutionSpecific Gravity:Approximately @ 20 @ 2 CDispersion in sea water:Shows complete dispersion when dropped into :Bleachable with sodium sensitivity:No significant change in fluorescence between and point:Approx. -10 :Less than 25 centipoises @ 25 CDISCLAIMERT hese data were obtained by testing according to our methods, with any necessary test deviations.

4 Other test methods may give different evaluations, by the customer are therefore unconditionally recommended. The use and application of our colorants and informationincluded is without any warranty, whether expressed or implied, verbal or written. No statements of recommendation contained in this productliterature are to be construed as inducement to infringe on any relevant patent now or hereafter in 2000 Keystone Aniline CorporationIn addition to providing the most comprehensive line of colorants available, at Keystone AnilineCorporation we are committed to arming our customers with the best technical information toprovide them with a competitive advantage in the world marketplace. Call 1-800-522-4 DYE forsamples or technical us a callAs a Keystone Customer, you will have direct access to professionals who can answer technicalquestions and provide timely assistance.

5 Please feel free to contact us for samples of our dyes,technical specifications, or for formulating Aniline Corporation2501 West Fulton StreetChicago, IL s Rhodamine WT Liquid is certified by the National Sanitation FoundationInternational (1), (NSF International) to ANSI/NSF Standard 60: Drinking Water TreatmentChemicals-Health Effects, for use in tracing drinking water under the following condition: Concentrations of Rhodamine WT Liquid in drinking water are not to exceed and the exposure (end use) is to be infrequent According to Environmental /Water Quality Operational studies by the Army Corps ofEngineers (2), Rhodamine WT has been chosen as the dye most suitable for use in and poses no known environmental or health hazards when used in unpollutedwater.

6 The suitability of this dye for a specific water tracing application should be evaluated by aqualified hydrologist. A manufacturer of fluorometers, (3) can be consulted for detailedapplication information. For precise scientific work, the user should carry out his ownmeasurements on the starting material since there may be some variation from lot to Bulletin 89 data were obtained by testing according to our methods, with any necessary test deviations. Other test methods may give different evaluations, by the customer is therefore unconditionally recommended. The use and application of our colorants and information includedis without any warranty, whether expressed or implied, verbal or written. No statements of recommendation contained in this product literature is to beconstrued as inducement to infringe on any relevant patent now or hereafter in National Sanitation Foundation International3475 Plymouth RoadAnn Arbor, MI 48113-01434.

7 Rhodamine WT & B, Memo to F. J. Traina April 10,1980. Cotruvo, , of ArmyWashington, Designs845 West Maude AvenueSunnydale, CA 94086 Comparative Mammalian In Vitro and In Vivostudies on the Mutagenic Activity of Rhodamine WT,Mutation Research, Vol. 118, (1983), pp. , George R., et al.