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1 14 II ( ) 2014. 5. 29 ..1 ..1 ..2 ..2 ..4 ..4 ..6 x 1/(1 x) 2 x 1/(1 x) x F(x) F(x) xi x1 x2 = F(x1) x3 = F(x2) x4 = F(x3) .. xF xF xi = 1 x1, x2, x3, x4,.. , , , , , , , , , .. 251/)(+ 251/)( f(x) = 0 F(x) = f(x) + x * xi MatLab SciLab Mathematica Maxima Excel OpenOffice Calc * x = x f(x)/f (x) f(x) = 0 - 1/6 - 14 II ( )

2 1 atm normal boiling point * Antoine TCBAPP+ =]/log[0 dTdP = log e BP(C + T )2 50 150 C 1 hPa C nomograph web bubble point dew point 1 2 P = x P1 + (1 x) P2 x 1 1 y xxxPxPxPy)1(1)1(211 += += * 25 C 1 bar 1 bar = atm standard boiling point 1 atm 1 atm P0 1 atm 1 Torr - 1 mol vH ln 10 BR[T/(C + T)]2 ln 10 BR - 2/6 - 14 II ( )

3 P1 /P2 azeotrope - - Wilson P = 1 x1 P1 + 2 x2 P2 methylcyclohexane-2-propanol - 3/6 - 14 II ( ) + + + + =212121212112221211)ln(lnxxxxxxx + + ++ =212112212121121212)ln(lnxxxxxxx - B x y Rayleigh d (xB) = y dB xyxBB =dd =xxxyxBB0dln0 = P1 /P2 00011ln1ln11lnxxxxBB + = 4 (theoretical plate) - McCabe-Thiele V D V D L = V D V L 1 3 V L D V L V V V L L L x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 xD yV 1 2 3 , = - 4/6 - 14 II ( )

4 XD V yV DxD 1 Lx1 yV = (D/V)xD + (L/V)x1 = [1/(r + 1)] xD + [r/(1 + r)] x1 r = L/D 1 2 y1 = [1/(r + 1)] xD + [r/(1 + r)] x2 y2 = [1/(r + 1)] xD + [r/(1 + r)] x3 3 y3 = xD x-y (x1, yV) (x2, y1) (x3, y2) r/(1 + r) (yi) (xi) r xD r = 0 xD = yV r yV = x1 y1 = x2 y2 = x3 y3 = xD 4 x-y yV = [1/(r + 1)] xD + [r/(1 + r)] x1 r 2 xD weeping - 5/6 - 14 II ( ) 1 2 = P1 /P2 1 y x )()1(1xfxxy= += 1 v w v y w x v = g(y) w = g(x) g ( ) g(y) 1 2 M1 M2 = M1/M2 ( ) f(g(x)) = g(f(x)) ( ) v = f(w) - 6/6.