原子炉の動特性 - kz.tsukuba.ac.jp

1 (Generation) multiplication factor k =k ( )=( )+( ) )(dsddsptttttl<< +=)1()()( plk= )()()(tNkdttdNltNFFpF =++ L)()(tNkltNFpF =+ )(1)(tNlkdttdNFpF = (e ) T (e ))(1)(tNlkdttdNFpF = TtFtlkFFeNeNtNp = = )0()0()(11 = klTp k=1 T (t) k k= 10 4 T=10 4/ = 1 2 1 2 ()()2202610exp) (1exp)0()1(== = ()TtexpA)

2 T(0 = pl 2 3 U U 10-4 87Br 55 87Kr* 87Kr* 87Br 55 55 KrorKrKrBrs87868755,87* 87Br precursor 200 200 87Br 2 137I 88Br 2 s 187 Br 2137 I 88 Br 134 Sb, 136 Te , 141 Cs 3138 I 89 Br 84 As, 87 Se, 92 Rb, 93 Rb, 147 4139 I 90 Br Ga, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Y, In, Sb, Te, I, Xe, Cs 5Ga, As, Se, Br, Kr, Sr, Y, In, Sn, Sb, I, Xe, Cs, Ba ( ))

3 6Ga, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, In, Cs ( ) 1 d = d/ 1 i i=1, 6 d,i i i = d,i/ ai i i ai= i/ 11a61i61iii61ii=== === ==61ii (1/2) a ( ) (t) (x) n=1 Bg )xBcos()texp(A)t,x(g11 =f2ga1vBDvv +=22gaB = (2/2) A0 ()texpA)t(10 =() lk11 = =t)k1(expA)t(0l ()TtexpA)t(0 = () k1T =l )()()()().

4 ( + =l =+ =61iiipll)1(l idsiit)tt(tl ++= = 61ii ==+ + =616)1(iiipiiiptltll k k= T= | | 85 1 2 60 ) = 4p10l ()() )85(1exp)0()1(== = ()602ln85 k 1 (1/5) Ci r,t Ci Ci i iCi f i i f Ci () itCir,r()()()

5 6ittCttCfiiii1,r,r,r= + = 443442143421 (2/5) ( ) ()()4434421444344421 =+ = 61,r,r1iiiftCt ()() ()( ) ()() =+ + = 612,r,r1,r,r,r1iiifatCtttDttv (3/5) ()()()r,r1 tnvt=()()()r,r1 tCtCii=()()0rr22=+ 1g1B (4/5) ()()()()() =+ + =61iiifa2gtCtnv1 BDtdtnd ()()() 61itCtnvtdtCdiifii= = afk = a2DL =2g2BL1kk+= ()2g2aBL1v1+= l (5/5) 1 7 1 ()()()()() =+ =61iiitCtn11ktdtnd l()()() 61itCtnktdtCdiiii= = l reactivity 1 generation time ()k1k ()()()()() =+ =61iiitCtnttdtnd ()()() 6itCtntdtCdiiii1= = kl= 1 (1/5)

6 T 0 t=0 1 t=0 0 (t) () <=0t0t0t0 1 (2/5) 6 A Ci 1 ()()texpAtn =()() 61itexpCtCii== ()texp () =+ =61iii0 CAA 61iCACiiii= = ()ACiii +=1 (3/5) A 6 i=6 7 0 7 7 1 7 =++=61iii0 ()() ==71jjjtexpAtn ( ) ()ACiii +=() =+ =61iii0 CAA ()() =++ =61iiii0 ()() =++ =61iiii0 () =======++=+++++ =++++ =++ =61iii61iii61iiii61iiii61iiiii61iiii61ii ii0 1 (4/5) /T T /T 2 =++=61iii0 =+=61iii0T1 =++=61iii0T1T ( )

7 Kl= ()k1k = =11k() ==1kll =++=61iii0 () =++ =61iii001 l() =++=+61iii01 ll()() =++++=61iii0111 lll1 (5/5) l 0 7 j 7 ()() =++++=61iii0111 lll()7() ==1jjjtexpAtn ( ) 7 j 6 1 1/ 1 T T ()()texpAtn11 =() =TtexpAtn1 235U H2O ()] [ = ( ) 0 0 j 1 2.

8 7 | 1|<| 2|<..<| 7 | 1 0 1 | 1| 1 1 1 1 T=1/ 1= 1/ 1= 1 / 80 80 ()texp1 ()()() = = ( 0 ) 1 2 .. 1/l i j T=1/ 1 k 1 l T +=+ ++ ++= ====61iii161iii1161ii1i1161iii0 += +== ==61iiip061iii01k111T l061iiip01T ll= + =()()() k11kk1kT = ==llll ( 0= )

9 0 prompt critical 0 0 10-4 0 1 1 1 100 1 1 1 1 235U (prompt critical condition)(1/5) 7 Ci,0 0 ()()() =+ =61i0,ii0 Ctntdtnd ()() 61iCtntdtCd0,iiii= = (prompt critical condition)(2/5) t 0 n0 dCi/dt 0 Ci,0 A B 0ii0,inC =()()()()()()()0061ii0061i0iii0ntnntnntn tdtnd + =+ =+ = ==()()BtexpAtn0+ = ()()()()

10 00000ntexptn = (prompt critical condition)(3/5) 0 2 0 / 2 n(t) 0 k = 18% ()()()()00000ntexptn = ()()00ntn (prompt critical condition)(4/5)()()BtexpAtn0+ = ()()()()()()()0061ii0061i0iii0ntnntnntnt dtnd + =+ =+ = ==()()() ==texpAtdtnd00 ()()