Language Arts GRADE 8 Language

1 Supporting your child s educational journey every step of the provides specifi c support in the skills and standards that your child is learning in today s classroom. Comprehensive, GRADE -specifi c titles to prepare for the year ahead Subject-specifi c practice to reinforce classroom learning Skill-specifi c titles to enrich and enhance educational concepts Test preparation titles to support test-taking skillsNo matter your need, Spectrum is with you every step of the Arts Spectrum is available in these titles for eighth GRADE success:Other titles available:AlgebraGrades 6 8 Data Analysis & Probability Grades 6 8 GeometryGrades 6 8 Measurement Grades 6 8 Carson-Dellosa Publishing Box 35665 Greensboro, NC 27425 Language ArtsGRADE 8 Focused Practice for Language Arts Mastery Grammar and usage Parts of speech and sentence types Vocabulary acquisition and usage Writer s guide Answer keyGRADE8 LanguageArts 15/27/14 2:33 25/27/14 2:33 PMLanguage ArtsGrade 8 Published by Spectrum an imprint of Carson-Dellosa Publishing LLCG reensboro, NC CD-704595 LA Gr 16/4/14 2:23 PMSpectrum An imprint of Carson-Dellosa Publishing LLC 2015 Carson-Dellosa Publishing LLC.

2 Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, or distributed in any form or by any means (mechanically, electronically, recording, etc.) without prior written consent of Carson-Dellosa Publishing LLC. Spectrum is an imprint of Carson-Dellosa Publishing all inquiries to:Carson-Dellosa Box 35665 Greensboro, NC 27425 ISBN 978-1-4838-1424-7CD-704595 LA Gr 26/12/14 7:44 AM3 Spectrum Language ArtsGrade 8 Table of ContentsChapter 1 GrammarParts of SpeechLesson Common and Proper Nouns ..5 Lesson Collective and Abstract Nouns ..7 Lesson Plurals and Possessives ..9 Lesson Appositives ..11 Lesson Personal Pronouns.

3 13 Lesson Intensive and Reflexive Pronouns ..15 Lesson Indefinite Pronouns ..17 Lesson Pronoun Shifts ..19 Review: Lessons ..21 Lesson Action Verbs ..23 Lesson Subject-Verb Agreement..25 Lesson Helping and Linking Verbs ..27 Lesson Verbs: Active and Passive Voice ..29 Lesson Verb Moods: Indicative, Imperative, and Subjunctive ..31 Lesson Gerunds, Participles, and Infinitives ..33 Lesson Verb Tenses: Progressive ..35 Lesson Verb Tenses: Perfect ..37 Review: Lessons ..39 Lesson Adjectives and Predicate Adjectives ..41 Lesson Comparative and Superlative Adjectives ..43 Lesson Adverbs and Intensifiers ..45 Lesson Comparative and Superlative Adverbs.

4 47 Lesson Adjectives and Adverbs ..49 Lesson Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases ..51 Lesson Conjunctions and Interjections ..53 Review: Lessons ..55 SentencesLesson Sentence Types ..57 Lesson Simple and Compound Sentences ..59 Lesson Complex Sentences ..61 Lesson Adjective, Adverb, and Noun Clauses ..63 Review: Lessons ..65 Chapter 2 MechanicsCapitalizationLesson Capitalization: Sentences, Quotations, Letter Parts ..67 Lesson Capitalization: Names, Titles, and Places ..69 Table of Contents GRADE 8CD-704595 LA Gr 36/4/14 2:23 PM4 Spectrum Language ArtsGrade 8 Table of ContentsLesson Capitalization: Other Proper Nouns..71 Lesson End Marks.

5 73 Review: Lessons ..75 Lesson Commas: Series, Direct Address, Multiple Adjectives ..77 Lesson Commas: Combining Sentences, Setting Off Dialogue ..79 Lesson Commas: In Letters and Introductory Phrases ..81 Lesson Semicolons and Colons ..83 Lesson Quotation Marks ..85 Lesson Using Italics and Underlining ..87 Lesson Apostrophes ..89 Lesson Hyphens, Dashes, Parentheses, and Ellipses ..91 Review: Lessons ..93 Chapter 3 UsageLesson Word Roots ..95 Lesson Prefixes and Suffixes ..97 Lesson Negatives and Double Negatives ..101 Lesson Synonyms and Antonyms ..103 Lesson Analogies ..105 Review: Lessons ..107 Lesson Homophones ..109 Lesson Multiple-Meaning Words.

6 111 Lesson Connotations and Denotations ..113 Lesson Figures of Speech: Similes, Metaphors, and Personification ..115 Lesson Figures of Speech: Verbal Irony, Puns, and Hyperbole ..117 Review: Lessons ..119 Chapter 4 Writer s GuideLesson Prewriting ..121 Lesson Drafting ..122 Lesson Revising ..123 Lesson Proofreading ..124 Lesson Publishing ..125 Lesson Evaluating Writing ..126 Lesson Writing Process Practice ..127 Answer Key ..132 Table of Contents, continuedCD-704595 LA Gr 46/4/14 2:23 PM5 Spectrum Language ArtsGrade 8 Chapter 1 Lesson 1 Grammar: Parts of SpeechCommon nouns name people, places, things, and ideas. People: driver, musician, brother, pediatrician, firefighter Places: tunnel, courthouse, zoo, backyard, desert, bedroom Things: desk, helicopter, dictionary, microphone, pine tree Ideas: nervousness, environmentalism, justice, religion Proper nouns name specific people, places, and things.

7 Proper nouns are capitalized. For proper nouns that consist of more than one word, capitalize the first letter of each important word. People: Aunt Lucy, General Eisenhower, Juan, Ms. Braga Places: New Mexico, People s Republic of China, Lake Michigan Things: Eiffel Tower, Baja Bill s Burritos, Declaration of Independence Ideas: Hinduism, MarxismRewrite ItRewrite each sentence below. Replace the common nouns shown in boldface with proper nouns. 1. I went to visit my aunt in the city last summer. _____2. On a certain day of the week, we took a taxi to the museum, where the works of an artist were being exhibited. _____3. We stopped at the street where the museum was located and paid our fare.

8 _____4. As we exited the cab, I spotted the tallest building in the city. _____5. Inside the museum, I realized I had left my smart phone in the taxi! _____6. We spoke with the security guard, and he was kind enough to call the cab company. _____7. As we waited, I took a moment to admire a specific religion s tapestry. _____8. At last, we were told the cab driver had my phone, but he was now in a suburb of the city. _____9. We arranged to meet him at a restaurant later in the day, and I got my phone back. _____Lesson and Proper NounsNAMEC hapter 1 GrammarCD-704595 LA Gr 56/4/14 2:23 PM6 Spectrum Language ArtsGrade 8 Chapter 1 Lesson 1 Grammar: Parts of SpeechProof ItCorrect the mistakes in the use of common and proper nouns using proofreading marks.

9 / = lowercase letter = capitalize letter1. The westide metropolitan library will host a Fundraising Event this Saturday. 2. The Major Religions of China are confucianism, taoism, and buddhism. 3. The Bill Of Rights are the first ten amendments of the United States constitution. 4. Elizabeth and her Cousin traveled to lake Ontario during june and july. 5. NASA Scientists are developing a robot that can explore mercury s surface. 6. Most of the arctic ocean is covered by Sea Ice during Winter. 7. Tony allen is a Nigerian Drummer who currently lives in June 14 is national flag day. 9. Cane Toads in australia are an example of an Invasive Species. 10. On New Years eve each year, officer Markley visits his Nieces in New York The Beauty Bouquet Flower Shop is at the Corner of Fourth street and Wilson The north sea is located between great Britain and the Nations of Scandinavia.

10 13. On fridays, my whole family gets together to play Cards and Board Games, like Monopoly and Scrabble. 14. Some of the Founding Fathers wrote about Freedom and the Pursuit of Happiness. 15. The statue of liberty and the Grand Canyon are well known United States ItWrite a paragraph about your favorite author or actor. Use at least six common and six proper nouns and Proper NounsNAMECD-704595 LA Gr 66/4/14 2:23 PM7 Spectrum Language ArtsGrade 8 Chapter 1 Lesson 2 Grammar: Parts of SpeechCollective nouns are used to describe groups of specific animals, people, or things. A group of birds is a flock. A group of ships is a fleet. A group of judges is a panel.