LED Parking Garages Controls - Hubbell Lighting

1 LED Parking Garages & Controls Course Disclaimer This is not an IES endorsed course nor have they reviewed or approved the material being presented. This course intended to help individuals understand RP-20-14 and gain a better understanding how its recommendations impact Lighting design in the outdoor environment. Every attempt has been made to accurately represent the information within RP-20-14 Local building and energy codes take precedent with Lighting designs and specifications. The goal of the RP is to help users make informed decision about light source technology and equipment in an effort to achieve the minimum recommended light levels.

2 Related Publications IES RP-17-87 - Airport Road and Automobile Parking Area Lighting Traffic Engineering handbook - Institute of Transportation Engineers (1992) Followed RP-20-84) Guidelines for Parking Facility Location & Design - Urban Land Institute (2000) IES RP-33-14 - Lighting for Exterior Environments Provides recommendations for Lighting for outdoor areas other than Parking lots and roadways IES/IDA MLO-2011 (Model Lighting Ordinance) IES G-1-03 Guideline for Security Lighting for People, Property and Public Spaces IES Lighting handbook , 10th edition Includes many sub areas of Parking facilities which previously had not been addressed IES DG-10-12 - Choosing Light Sources for General Lighting ANSI/IES RP-16-10 Nomenclature & Definitions IES TM-15-07, TM-15-11(A) - Luminaire Classification System for Outdoor Luminaires LM-64-01 Guide for the Photometric Measurement of Parking Areas, for vehicle-free pavement RP-20-14.

3 Purpose and Scope To provide general recommendations for the design of fixed Lighting for Parking facilities Deals entirely with Lighting , does not give advise on construction Provides recommended practices for new Lighting systems Not intended to be applied to existing Lighting systems, until they are redesigned Represents current good practice Includes interior and exterior Lighting practices for reasonably safe movement of vehicular and pedestrian traffic in Parking facilities Enhancing personal safety and security Deterring vandalism and theft Optimizing energy use Minimizing maintenance RP-20-14: Purpose and Scope Guidelines exclude recommendations for: Public roads (RP-8-14, Roadway Lighting ) Environmental Issues (RP-33-14, Exterior Environments) Security Lighting (G-1-03, Security Lighting for People, Property & Public Spaces) Also excluded.

4 Computer-controlled, automated vehicle Parking facilities Curb Parking along streets Single family residential Parking pads and Garages Garages for vehicle repair or new car storage Rest area Parking (IESNA G-1-03) Outdoor pedestrian walkways that are separate from Parking areas (ANSI/IES RP-8-14) IESNA REQUIREMENTS: RP-20-14 LED & Controls | Parking Garage EXAMPLE IESNA REQUIREMENTS: RP-20-14 LED & Controls | Parking Garage Light Levels from the 1960s through RP-20-98 1960 RP-20-84 RP-20-98 RP-20-14 Luminance Based Standards Illuminance Based Standards Focus on Average Focus on Minimum Vertical Footcandle Values Specified Parking Lots Basic Values (footcandles) to Ave.

5 To Ave. Min More Granular Specification Including Pre and Post Curfew Values Enhanced Values (footcandles) Double Values in Entrance/Exit Double Values in Entrance/Exit Min. Ave. to Min. Uniformity 4:1 4:1 Max. to Min. Uniformity 20:1 basic 15:1 enhanced Parking Garages Basic Values (footcandles) More Granular Specification Including Occupied and Unoccupied Values Enhanced Values (footcandles) Ave. to Min. Uniformity Max. to Min. Uniformity 10:1 RP-20-14 New Considerations Age-based recommendations are also discussed RP-8-14 Section , IES Lighting handbook , 10th edition , Chapter 4, Section Basis Lighting zones (LZ) are discussed for the first time Indicates lower light levels in the Parking facility when the LZ has less dependence on fixed Lighting However setting minimum levels based on LZ1 and increasing levels for higher LZs (2, 3 and 4) could not be supported.

6 Lighting Zones Corresponds with IES RP-33 definitions LZ0: No ambient Lighting LZ1: Low ambient Lighting LZ2: Moderate ambient Lighting LZ3: Moderately high ambient Lighting LZ4: High ambient Lighting RP-20-14 New Considerations Increased emphasis on energy conservation and light tress pass since RP-20-98 IES Lighting handbook , 10th edition Includes many sub areas of Parking facilities which previously had not been addressed: Payment transaction areas, passenger drop-off areas, corners and turning areas Many new recommendations for vertical illuminance in Parking Garages This new update recognizes differences in reflectance between concrete (R1) and asphalt (R3) surfaces.

7 Led to a visibility-based system of recommended Lighting levels Calculations based on reflectance and contrast between important surfaces (pavement vs. wheel stops and curbs) has caused illuminance recommendations to be higher in some conditions) Paved Surfaces R1 = portland-cement concrete R2 = asphalt, aggregate consists of minimum 60% gravel passing 3/8-in. sieve R3 = asphalt, rough texture (typical highway) R4 = asphalt, smooth texture LED & Controls | Parking Garage MASS TRANSIT CITY CENTERS SHOPPING CENTERS HIGHER EDUCATION FEDERAL INSTITUTIONS AIRPORTS DESTINATIONS CORPORATE CAMPUS 24/7/365 FACILTIES MAY REPRESENT THE GREATEST TANGIBLE OPPORTUNITY FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION AND RETROFIT TODAY REQUIRE SPECIALIZED Lighting EQUIPMENT TO DELIVER TASK-SPECIFIC LIGHT LEVELS AT REDUCED MOUNTING HEIGHTS HIGH-ACTIVITY 24/7/365 FACILITIES WITH HIGH ENERGY USAGE AND FREQUENT LAMP AND BALLAST SERVICE LOW HANGING FRUIT EXAMPLE WHAT DOES IT COST TO RETROFIT A Parking GARAGE?

8 Original HID System: OPERATING HOURS: 24 HID WATTAGE: 175W 5 FLOOR FACILITY 130 FIXTURES / FLOOR 650 TOTAL FIXTURES Level 1 2 3 4 5 LED & Controls | Parking Garage EXAMPLE WHAT DOES IT COST TO RETROFIT A Parking GARAGE? LED ALTERNATE: 24H X 210W X 130 X 5 = 3276 KWh 3276 KWh @ $ * = $ / Day $ x 365 = $95, / Year Level 1 2 3 4 5 LED & Controls | Parking Garage EXAMPLE WHAT DOES IT COST TO RETROFIT A Parking GARAGE? LED ALTERNATE: OPERATING HOURS: 24 LED WATTAGE: 30W* 5 FLOOR FACILITY 130 FIXTURES / FLOOR 650 TOTAL FIXTURES Level 1 2 3 4 5 *30W fixture is a commercially available product selected to maximize the potential savings available for this calculation while meeting RP-8 recommended illumination values (>1fc min, better than 10:1 Max-to-Min) LED & Controls | Parking Garage EXAMPLE WHAT DOES IT COST TO RETROFIT A Parking GARAGE?

9 LED ALTERNATE: 24H X 30W* X 130 X 5 = 468 KWh 468 KWh @ $ * = $ / Day $ x 365 = $13, / Year Level 1 2 3 4 5 Average commercial energy rate in NC = LED & Controls | Parking Garage HID LED Annual Energy Cost $95, $13, Total Cost of Ownership: LED & Controls | Parking Garage HID (MTBF) LED (L70) Rated Lamp Hours 10,000 70,000 Yrs. of Op. @ 24H / Day 8 Lamps used in 8 Years 7 8 Lamp Cost $25 $250 Labor (Fully Burdened $) $25 $25 Maintenance Comparison: LED & Controls | Parking Garage EXAMPLE WHAT DOES IT COST TO RETROFIT A Parking GARAGE? HID Maintenance Cost: 650 Fixtures Replacement Lamp Cost: $50 (Labor & Material) Cost of 650 Fixtures: $32,500 (every Years) In 8 Years: $228, Average Annual Maintenance Cost: $28, Level 1 2 3 4 5 LED & Controls | Parking Garage HID LED Annual Energy Cost $95, $13, Maint.

10 Cost (Avg. Annual) $28, $0 Total $124, $13, Total Cost of Ownership: Average Annual Savings: $110, LED & Controls | Parking Garage EXAMPLE WHAT DOES IT COST TO RETROFIT A Parking GARAGE? Payback Analysis: 650 Fixtures @ $250: $162,500 Installation: $50,000 (~$77/ea) Total Initial Cost: $212,500 Assuming An Average Annual Savings: $110, : Year Level 1 2 3 4 5 LED & Controls | Parking Garage EXAMPLE WHAT DOES IT COST TO RETROFIT A Parking GARAGE? Assuming An Average Annual Savings: $110, : Cumulative Cash (At 8 Years) Total Annual Savings: $888, Less Initial Cost: -$212, Cumulative Cash.