NALANDA OPEN UNIVERSITY

1 NALANDA open UNIVERSITY ( environmental Studies) PART I, PAPER I (Fundamentals of environmental Science & Ecology) Annual Examination, 2012 Time : 3 Hours Full Marks : 80 fdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa AfdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa AfdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa AfdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa A Answer any Five Questions. All questions carry equal marks. 1. Define environmental Science and discuss its principle and scope. i; foKku dks ifjHkkf"kr dhft, rFkk blds fl)kUr ,oa {ks= dk foospu dhft, A 2.}

2 Describe the following : fuEukafdr dk dhft, %& (i) Hydrosphere ty eaMy (ii) Lithosphere LFky eaMy (iii) Biosphere tho eaMy 3. Discuss the origin and classification of lakes and describe the transport phenomenon of fresh water bodies. ljksojksa dh mRif k ,oa dh foospuk dhft, rFkk LoPN tyh; lzksrksa dh laogu ?kVuk dk dhft, A 4. What is the meaning of Autecology. Discuss its various aspects. LoikfjfLFkfrdh dk rkRi;Z D;k gS \ blds fofHkUu vk;keksa dk dhft, A 5. Write an essay on Ecological Pyramids. ikfjfLFkfrd fijkfeM ij ,d ys[k fyf[k, A 6.]]

3 Define Productivity. Write about the types of Productivity. How will you measure Productivity ? mRikndrk dks ifjHkkf"kr dhft, A mRikndrk ds fofHkUu izdkjksa ds fo"k; esa fyf[k, \ vki mRikndrk dk ekiu fdl izdkj djsaxs \ 7. Write a descriptive note on forest ecosystem. ou ikfjfLFkfrd ra= ij ,d fyf[k, A 8. Describe type and features of Aquatic ecosystem. tyh; ifjfLFkfrd ra= ds izdkj ,oa fo'ks"krkvksa dk dhft, A 9. What is climax community ? Describe various types of climax community. pje leqnk; D;k gS \ pje leqnk; ds fofHkUu izdkjksa dk dhft, A 10.]]

4 Write short notes on any Two of the following : fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgha nksnksnksnks ij laf{kIr ;k fyf[k, %& (i) Carban Cycle dkcZu p (ii) Biome thokse (iii) Grazing Food Chain pjh; vkgkj J`a[kyk (iv) Population Density lef"V ?kuRo Revised Examination Programme-2012 (Part I) environmental Science Date Papers Time Examination Centre Paper-I PM to PM NALANDA open UNIVERSITY , Patna Paper-II PM to PM NALANDA open UNIVERSITY , Patna Paper-III PM to PM NALANDA open UNIVERSITY , Patna Paper-IV PM to PM NALANDA open UNIVERSITY , Patna Paper-V PM to PM NALANDA open UNIVERSITY , Patna Paper-VI PM to PM NALANDA open UNIVERSITY , Patna Paper-VII PM to PM NALANDA open UNIVERSITY , Patna Paper-VIII PM to PM NALANDA open UNIVERSITY .]]]}

5 Patna NALANDA open UNIVERSITY ( environmental Studies) PART I, PAPER II ( environmental Geo-Science) Annual Examination, 2012 Time : 3 Hours Full Marks : 80 fdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa AfdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa AfdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa AfdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa A Answer any Five Questions. All questions carry equal marks. 1. Examine the hypothesis of Kant regarding origin of the solar system. lksyj flLVe dh mRif k ds ckjs esa dkUV dh ifjdYiuk dk ijh{ dhft, A 2.}

6 Critically examine the hypothesis of Chamberlein and Moulton regarding origin of the solar system. lkSjeaMy dh mRif k ds lEcU/k esa pSEcjysu rFk k ekSyVu dh ifjdYiuk dk vkykspukRed ijh{ dhft, A 3. What is the basis of Standard Time Scale ? Discuss the Standard Time Scale in detail. ekud le; ekid dk vk/kkj D;k gS \ ekud le; ekid dh foospuk foLrkj ls dhft, A 4. Bring out of the difference between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and explain their mode of formation with the help of three examples each. vkXus;] volknh rFkk :ikUrfjr pV~Vkuksa esa vUrj Li"V dhft, rFkk izR;sd ds rhu nsrs gq, mudh fof/k Li"V dhft, A 5.}

7 What do you mean by Heat Budget of the earth ? Describe the heat budget of the earth. i`Foh ds rki&ctV ls vki D;k le>rs gsa \ i`Foh ds rki ctV dk izLrqr dhft, A 6. Classify various landscape on the earth and give their short description. i`Foh ij fofHkUu Hkw ksa dk dhft, rFkk mudk laf{kIr nhft, A 7. What is understood by EL-NINO and LA-NINA ? Elucidate. ,y&fuuks ,oa yk&fuuk ls D;k le>rs gSa \ Li"V dhft, A 8. Clarify the causes of earthquake and discuss its impact. HkwdEi ds dks Li"V dhft, rFkk mlds izHkko dh foospuk dhft, A 9. Discuss about the major environmental pollutants and their effects on human health.}

8 Izeq[k i; iznw" rFkk ekuo LokLF; ij mlds izHkkoksa ds ckjs esa ppkZ dhft, A 10. Discuss the impact of trace elements on electrolyte balance, immune system and hormonal balance. bysDV ksykbV larqyu] izfrjks/kd ,oa gkeksZuy larqyu ij fojy r oksa ds izHkkoksa dk foospu dhft, A NALANDA open UNIVERSITY ( environmental Studies) PART I, PAPER III ( environmental Chemistry) Annual Examination, 2012 Time : 3 Hours Full Marks : 80 fdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa AfdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa AfdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa AfdUgha ik p iz'uksa ds m kj nhft, A lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSa A Answer any Five Questions.

9 All questions carry equal marks. 1. Discuss the concept of environmental Chemistry and highlight the importance of environmental Chemistry. i; jlk;u dh ladYiuk dh foospuk dhft, rFkk i; f'k{kk ds v/;;u esa i; jlk;u ds eg o ij izdk'k Mkfy, A 2. Atmosphere has broadly been divided into how many regions ? Explain, in brief, each of them. Mention the temperature profile of those regions. ok;qeaMy dks eq[;r% fdrus {ks=ksa esa ck Vk x;k gS \ izR;sd dk la{ksi esa O;k[;k dhft, A bu {ks=ksa ds rkieku izksQkby dks crkb, A 3. Trace the sources of organic particulate matter in the atmosphere.]]}}}}

10 Ok;qeaMy esa dkcZfud ; inkFkks ds lzksr dks crkb, A 4. What do you mean by ozone layer depletion ? Describe, in brief, the main causes of the depletion. vkstksu ijr { ls D;k le>rs gSa \ { ds izeq[k dk la{ksi esa dhft, A 5. What do you mean by clarification of water ? Describe, in brief, different methods employed for removal of coarse and colloidal impurities of water. ikuh ds lQkbZ ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \ ikuh ds eksVkis (coarse) ,oa ikuh ds dksykbMy nks"k dks nwj djus ds fy, dk;Zjr fofHkUu fof/k;ksa dk la{ksi esa dhft, A 6. Write short notes on the following : fuEukafdr ij laf{kIr ;k fyf[k, %& (i) Reverse Osmosis Method fjolZ vkWleksfll fof/k (ii) Ion-exchange method for purification of water ikuh ds 'kqf) ds fy, vk;u ,DlpsUl fof/k 7.]]}}}}}