Nomenclature for polyatomic ions - Learn Science

1 polyatomic ionsPolyatomic ionsare charged groups of atoms. An example is ammonium ion, NH4+. It has five atoms (one nitrogen and four hydrogens) that share a charge of +1. The polyatomic ions remain intact, and parentheses may be required when using subscripts. For example, ammonium chloride is NH4 Cland ammonium sulfide is (NH4)2S. Ammonium is the only polyatomic cation. Common anions are shown in Table Scott BeaverPage 1 of 6 Table 1. polyatomic ionsNomenclature for polyatomic ionsWorksheet-Answer KeyThere are many polyatomic anions. Many occur in families of names. Start by learning the polyatomic ions ending with -ate such as chlorate (ClO3-), nitrate (NO32-), sulfate (SO42-), carbonate (CO32-), and phosphate (PO43-). The corresponding -ite ion name has one less oxygen and the same charge. For example, chlorite ion is ClO2-. Less commonly used names are the per__-ate and hypo__-ite forms to indicate different numbers of oxygen.

2 Key in on the chlorate family in Table 1 to construct names for other example, sulfite (not in the table) would be SO32-, because it has the same charge and one less oxygen than sulfate (SO42-in the table)._____Sometimes bi- indicates H+has attached. For example, bicarbonate (HCO3-) and carbonate (CO32-). Hydroxide, cyanide, permanganate, acetate, and chromate/dichromate are common polyatomicsthat do notoccur in Scott BeaverPage 2 of 6 Nomenclature for polyatomic ionsWorksheet-Answer KeyDr. Scott BeaverPage 3 of 6 Exercise the table of neutral ionic compounds with the formulasand namesfor each cation-anion for polyatomic ionsWorksheet-Answer KeySO42-NO3-PO43-CO32-ClO3-OH-Na+Na2SO4s odium sulfateNaNO3sodium nitrateNa3PO4sodium phosphateNa2CO3sodium carbonateNaClO3sodium chlorateNaOHsodium hydroxideAl3+Al2(SO4)3aluminum sulfateAl(NO3)3aluminum nitrateAlPO4aluminum phosphateAl2(CO3)3aluminum carbonateAl(ClO3)3aluminum chlorateAl(OH)3aluminum hydroxideBa2+BaSO4barium sulfateBa(NO3)2barium nitrateBa3(PO4)2barium phosphateBaCO3barium carbonateBa(ClO3)2barium chlorateBa(OH)2barium hydroxideNH4+(NH4)2SO4ammonium sulfateNH4NO3ammonium nitrate(NH4)3PO4ammonium phosphate(NH4)2CO3ammonium carbonateNH4 ClO3ammonium chlorateNH4 OHammonium hydroxideCu+Cu2SO4copper (I) sulfateCuNO3copper (I) nitrateCu3PO4copper (I) phosphateCu2CO3copper (I)

3 CarbonateCuClO3copper (I) chlorateCuOHcopper (I) hydroxideDr. Scott BeaverPage 4 of 6 Exercise the formula for each compound. sodium sulfate____Na2SO4_____sodium bisulfate____NaHSO4_____sodium sulfite____Na2SO3_____sodium sulfide____Na2S_____ copper (I) sulfate____Cu2SO4_____copper (II) sulfite____CuSO3_____copper (II) for polyatomic ionsWorksheet-Answer KeyDr. Scott BeaverPage 5 of 6 Exercise the formula for each compound. nickel (III) carbonate___Ni2(CO3)3_____calcium nitrate___Ca(NO3)2_____copper (II) acetate___Cu(CH3 COO)2____potassium phosphate___K3PO4_____silver acetate___AgCH3 COO_____zinc chromate___ZnCrO4_____tin(II) nitrate___Sn(NO3)2_____tin(II) nitrite___Sn(NO2)2_____ammonium bicarbonate___NH4 HCO3_____copper (II) sulfite___CuSO3_____sodium hydroxide___NaOH_____potassium cyanide___KCN_____potassium for polyatomic ionsWorksheet-Answer KeyExercise the name for each (I) cyanide___FeO__iron(II) oxide_____ZnO__zinc oxide_____Al2O3__aluminumoxide_____AgCl_ _silver chloride_____NH4NO3__ammonium nitrate___NaNO3__sodiumnitrate_____NaNO2 __sodiumnitrite_____Ca(NO2)2__calciumnit rite_____FeCrO4__iron (II) chromate____Dr.

4 Scott BeaverPage 6 of 6 Nomenclature for polyatomic ionsWorksheet-Answer Key