NURSING INTERVENTIONS CLASSIFICATION (NIC)

1 NURSING INTERVENTIONS CLASSIFICATION (NIC)*DOMAIN: Physiological: BasicCLASS: ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE MANAGEMENTI nterventions: Exercise Promotion: Facilitation ofregular physical exercise to maintain or advance toa higher level of fitness and healthCLASS: ELIMINATION MANAGEMENTI nterventions: Constipation Management:Prevention and alleviation of constipationCLASS: IMMOBILITY MANAGEMENTI nterventions: Physical Restraint: Application, moni-toring, and removal of mechanical restrainingdevices or manual restraints which are used to limitphysical mobility of patientCLASS: NUTRITIONAL SUPPORTI nterventions: Eating Disorders Management:Prevention and treatment of severe diet restrictionand overexercising, or binging and purging of foodand fluidsNutritional Management: Assisting with or provid-ing a balanced dietary intake of food and fluidsCLASS: PHYSICAL COMFORT PROMOTIONI nterventions: Progressive Muscle Relaxation:Facilitating the tensing and releasing of successivemuscle groups while attending to the resulting dif-ferences in sensationSimple Massage: Stimulation of the skin and under-lying tissues with varying degrees of hand pressureto decrease pain, produce relaxation, and : SELF-CARE FACILITATIONI nterventions: Self-Care Assistance: Assistinganother to perform activities of daily livingSleep Enhancement.

2 Facilitation of regularsleep/wake cyclesDOMAIN: BehavioralCLASS: BEHAVIORAL THERAPYI nterventions: Activity Therapy: Prescription of andassistance with specific physical, cognitive, social, andspiritual activities to increase the range, frequency, orduration of an individual s (or group s) activityAnimal Assisted Therapy: Purposeful use of animalsto provide affection, attention, diversion, and relax-ationArt Therapy: Facilitation of communication throughdrawings or other art formsAssertiveness Training: Assistance with the effectiveexpression of feelings, needs, and ideas whilerespecting the rights of othersBehavior Management/Overactivity: Provision of atherapeutic milieu which safely accommodates thepatient s overactivity while promoting optimal func-tionBehavior Management: Self-Harm: Assisting thepatient to decrease or eliminate self-mutilating orself-abusive behaviorsBehavior Management: Sexual: Delineation and pre-vention of socially unacceptable sexual behaviorsBehavior Modification: Promotion of a behaviorchangeBehavior Modification: Social Skills: Assisting thepatient to develop or improve interpersonal socialskillsLimit Setting: Establishing the parameters of desirableand acceptable patient behaviorMilieu Therapy.

3 Use of people, resources, and eventsin the patient s immediate environment to promoteoptimal psychosocial functioningMusic Therapy: Using music to help achieve a spe-cific change in behavior or feelingMutual Goal Setting: Collaborating with patient toidentify and prioritize care goals, then developing aplan for achieving those goals through the construc-tion and use of goal attainment scalingPatient Contracting: Negotiating an agreement with apatient which reinforces a specific behavior changePlay Therapy: Purposeful use of toys or other equip-ment to assist a patient in communicating his/herperception of the world and to help in mastering theenvironmentSelf-Responsibility Facilitation: Encouraging a patientto assume more responsibility for own behaviorSubstance Use Prevention: Prevention of an alco-holic or drug use lifestyleSubstance Use Treatment: Supportive care ofpatient/family members with physical and psychoso-cial problems associated with the use of alcohol ordrugsSubstance Use Treatment: Alcohol Withdrawal: Careof the patient experiencing sudden cessation of alco-hol consumptionSubstance Use Treatment: Drug Withdrawal: Care ofa patient experiencing drug detoxificationSubstance Use Treatment: Overdose: Monitoring,treatment, and emotional support of a patient whohas ingested prescription or over-the-counter drugsbeyond the therapeutic range*Source:McCloskey, J.

4 C., & Bulechek, G. M. (1996). NURSING INTERVENTIONS CLASSIFICATION (NIC)(2nd ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. AppendixNursing INTERVENTIONS CLASSIFICATION (NIC)CLASS: COGNITIVE THERAPYI nterventions: Anger Control Assistance: Facilitationof the expression of anger in an adaptive nonviolentmannerCognitive Restructuring: Challenging a patient toalter distorted thought patterns and view self andthe world more realisticallyReality Orientation: Promotion of patient s aware-ness of personal identity, time, and environmentReminiscence Therapy: Using the recall of pastevents, feelings, and thoughts to facilitate adapta-tion to present circumstancesCLASS: COMMUNICATION ENHANCEMENTI nterventions: Active listening: Attending closely toand attaching significance to a patient s verbal andnonverbal messagesSocialization Enhancement: Facilitation of anotherperson s ability to interact with othersCLASS: COPING ASSISTANCEI nterventions: Anticipatory Guidance: Preparation ofpatient for an anticipated developmental or situa-tional crisisCoping Enhancement: Assisting a patient to adapt toperceived stressors, changes, or threats which inter-fere with meeting life demands and rolesCounseling: Use of an interactive helping processfocusing on the needs, problems, or feelings of thepatient and significant others to enhance or supportcoping, problem solving, and interpersonal relation-shipsCrisis Intervention.

5 Use of short-term counseling tohelp the patient cope with a crisis and resume astate of functioning comparable to or better than thepre-crisis stateGrief Work Facilitation: Assistance with the resolu-tion of a significant lossGuilt Work Facilitation: Helping another to copewith painful feelings of responsibility, actual or per-ceivedMood Management: Providing for safety and stabi-lization of a patient who is experiencing dysfunc-tional moodRecreation Therapy: Purposeful use of recreation topromote relaxation and enhancement of socialskillsSelf-Esteem Enhancement: Assisting a patient toincrease his or her personal judgment of self-worthSpiritual Support: Assisting the patient to feel bal-ance and connection with a greater powerTherapy Group: Application of psychotherapeutictechniques to a group, including the utilization ofinteractions between members of the groupCLASS: PATIENT EDUCATIONI nterventions: Teaching: Disease Process: Assistingthe patient to understand information related to aspecific disease processCLASS: PSYCHOLOGICAL COMFORT PROMOTIONI nterventions: Anxiety Reduction: Minimizingapprehension, dread, foreboding, or uneasinessrelated to an unidentified source of anticipated dan-gerCalming Technique: Reducing anxiety in patientexperiencing acute distressDistraction.

6 Purposeful focusing of attention awayfrom undesirable sensationsSimple Guided Imagery: Purposeful use of imagina-tion to achieve relaxation and direct attention awayfrom undesirable sensationsSimple Relaxation Therapy: Use of techniques toencourage and elicit relaxation for the purpose ofdecreasing undesirable signs and symptoms such aspain, muscle tension, or anxietyDomain: SafetyCLASS: CRISIS MANAGEMENTI nterventions: Rape-Trauma Treatment: Provision ofemotional and physical support immediately fol-lowing an alleged rapeSuicide Prevention: Reducing risk of self-inflictedharm for a patient in crisis or severe depressionCLASS: RISK MANAGEMENTI nterventions: Abuse Protection: Identification ofhigh-risk, dependent relationships and actions toprevent further infliction of physical or emotionalharmAbuse Protection: Child: Identification of high-risk,dependent child relationships and actions to pre-vent possible or further infliction of physical, sex-ual, or emotional harm or neglect of basic necessi-ties of lifeAbuse Protection: Elder: Identification of high-risk,dependent elder relationships and actions to pre-vent possible or further infliction of physical, sex-ual, or emotional harm, neglect of basic necessitiesof life, or exploitationArea Restriction: Limitation of patient mobility to aspecified area for purposes of safety or behaviormanagementDelirium Management.

7 Provision of a safe and ther-apeutic environment for the patient who is experi-encing an acute confusional stateDelusion Management: Promoting the comfort,safety, and reality orientation of a patient experienc-ing false, fixed beliefs that have little or no basis inrealityAppendixNursing INTERVENTIONS CLASSIFICATION (NIC) Dementia Management: Provision of a modifiedenvironment for the patient who is experiencing achronic confusional stateElopement Precautions: Minimizing the risk of apatient leaving a treatment setting without autho-rization when departure presents a threat to thesafety of patient or othersHallucination Management: Promoting the safety,comfort, and reality orientation of a patient experi-encing hallucinationsSeclusion: Solitary containment in a fully protectiveenvironment with close surveillance by NURSING stafffor purposes of safety or behavior managementDomain: FamilyCLASS: LIFE SPAN CAREI nterventions: Caregiver Support: Provision of thenecessary information, advocacy, and support tofacilitate primary patient care by someone otherthan a health care professionalFamily Involvement: Facilitating family participationin the emotional and physical care of the patientFamily Mobilization: Utilization of family strengthsto influence patient s health in a positive directionFamily Therapy.

8 Assisting family members to movetheir family toward a more productive way of living