OIE International Standards

1 OIE International Standards on Antimicrobial Resistance, 2003 OIE Headquarters, Paris, 2 to 4 October 2001 OIE publication with the participation of the OIE Collaborative Centre on Veterinary Medicinal Products, Foug res All OIE (World organisation for animal health) publications are protected by International copyright law. Extracts may be copied, reproduced, translated, adapted or published in journals, documents, books, electronic media and any other medium destined for the public, for information, educational or commercial purposes, provided prior written permission has been granted by the OIE. The designations and denominations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the OIE concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers and boundaries.

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5 La responsabilidad de las opiniones profesadas en los art culos firmados incumbe exclusivamente a sus autores. La menci n de empresas particulares o de productos manufacturados, sean o no patentados, no implica de ning n modo que stos se beneficien del apoyo o de la recomendaci n de la OIE, en comparaci n con otros similares que no hayan sido mencionados. Copyright OIE (World organisation for animal health), 2003 (reprinted in April and November 2004) 12, rue de Prony, 75017 Paris, France Tel.: 33-(0)1 44 15 18 88 Fax: 33-(0)1 42 67 09 87 ISBN 92-9044-601-3 Cover photograph: Claire Gaudot, AFSSA, Foug res Contents OIE International Standards on Antimicrobial Resistance, 2003 III Contents Introduction.

6 1 OIE International Standards on Antimicrobial Resistance Terrestrial Animal Health Code Guidelines for the harmonisation of antimicrobial resistance surveillance and monitoring programmes .. 5 Guidelines for the monitoring of the quantities of antimicrobials used in animal husbandry .. 13 Guidelines for the responsible and prudent use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary 17 Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals Laboratory methodologies for bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility testing .. 29 Proceedings of the OIE International Conference 1. General aspects J. Acar & B. R stel Antimicrobial resistance: an overview.

7 45 J. Threlfall Antimicrobial drug resistance from salmonellas in humans and food animals: the current situation in relation to foodborne zoonoses in the United Kingdom .. 69 S. Benredjeb & A. Hammami Resistance in salmonellae: the situation in developing 71 Martel Resistant bacteria and their impact on therapy in veterinary medicine .. 72 P. Nordmann New resistance mechanisms review of the 73 Contents IV OIE International Standards on Antimicrobial Resistance, 2003 Nicolas-Chanoine & S. Granier Possibilities of characterising resistance genes for use as an epidemiological tool .. 74 O. Fortineau The perception of veterinary practitioner with regard to the contribution of the use of antimicrobials in animal husbandry to the problems of human health associated with resistant 79 Pedersen The pig producer s position as herd manager following the cessation of the use of antibiotic growth promoters in Denmark.

8 80 B. Andrews Antimicrobial use in animal husbandry and its relationship to resistant bacteria in human 85 S. Sirinavin Perception of society with regard to the contribution of the use of antimicrobials in animal husbandry to the problems of human health associated with resistant bacteria: the situation in developing countries .. 89 Lefferts A consumer perspective: to what extent does antimicrobial use in animal husbandry contribute to resistance associated human health problems? .. 90 Y. Cheneau Activities of the Food and Agriculture Organization in relation to antimicrobial resistance in humans and animals .. 95 R. Williams The activities of the World Health Organization in antimicrobial resistance.

9 99 A. Bruno Codex activities in relation to antimicrobial 100 2. Surveillance of antimicrobial consumption T. Nicholls, J. Acar, F. Anthony, A. Franklin, R. Gupta, Y. Tamura, S. Thompson, Threlfall, D. Vose, M. van Vuuren, White, Wegener & Costarrica Antimicrobial resistance: monitoring the quantities of antimicrobials used in animal husbandry .. 109 G. Moulin Surveillance of antimicrobial consumption activities in France .. 118 Contents OIE International Standards on Antimicrobial Resistance, 2003 V Monnet, F. Bager & L. Larsen Surveillance of antimicrobial consumption in 122 Webber Antimicrobial resistance: monitoring the quantity of antimicrobials used in animal husbandry.

10 123 T. Mudd The global usage of antimicrobials for animals 128 3. Risk analysis D. Vose, J. Acar, F. Anthony, A. Franklin, R. Gupta, T. Nicholls, Y. Tamura, S. Thompson, Threlfall, M. van Vuuren, White, Wegener & Costarrica Antimicrobial resistance: risk analysis methodology for the potential impact on public health of antimicrobial resistant bacteria of animal origin .. 133 M. Wooldridge Risk assessment techniques and antibiotic 162 L. Tollefson Impact of resistant campylobacteriosis in humans due to fluoroquinolone use in 170 M. van Vuuren Antimicrobial resistance and risk analysis: the view of a developing 174 Cox Campylobacter risk analysis: a cause-and-effect view.