OPTICAL FIBER CABLES - Nexans

1 OPTICAL FIBER CABLESINTRODUCTIONQUALITY ASSURANCERECOMMENDED ORDERING PARAMETERSGENERALITIES SPECIFICATIONS OF OPTICAL FIBERSOPTICAL FIBER tube, non metallic, jelly filled tube, metallic, jelly filled supported, Loose tube, metallic or non metallic,jelly filled , metallic, jelly filled to the manufacturing of electric and telecomcables, Liban CABLES is the first and largest supplier inLebanon and a leader in the Middle-East CABLES was founded in 1967 by a group ofLebanese industrialists backed up by the technicalassistance of two international leading firms :- Les CABLES de Lyon - France (became ALCATEL afterwards and Nexans by end 2000)- Phelps Dodge - with qualified engineers and highly skilledtechnicians, our plant is located in Nahr-Ibrahim at 30Km from Beirut, where CABLES are designed andmanufactured according to all internationalspecifications : IEC, VDE, UTE, BS and others oncustomer after its foundation, Liban CABLES has become themajor supplier of the Lebanese market in both the publicand private sectors.

2 The product range of Liban Cablescovers all Copper and Aluminium electric CABLES , aswell as copper and FIBER optic communication CABLES , inaddition to a wide variety of special cablesmanufactured on customer quality CABLES , continuous developments of theproduction range, direct and fast shipments havecontributed in rendering Liban CABLES an importantexporter for many countries on the three limitrophecontinents (Asia, Europe, Africa). Liban Cablesproducts are particularly appreciated by administrationsand international contractors operating in the region andseeking reliable and direct supplies of power andcommunication by step, from raw material to final product, quality constitutes a major concern toLiban material are continuously and repetitively tested from trial orders till the last batchreceived are tested within two simultaneous procedures.

3 - A built in quality control system carried out by the production itself at any step of workin A parallel and contradictory procedure is also carried out on the same stages andproducts by independent inspectors reporting to the quality control users and/or third part inspection authorities are also constantly commissioning thefinished products and assessing the strict conformity to ordered fact, our ISO 9001 certification stated in Feb 1997 by the International CertificationNetwork (EQNET) is certified by the French Association for Quality Assurance (AFAQ),the well known rigourous and independant accredited European assessor. Thiscertification, which upgraded to ISO 9001:2000 on February 2003, under referenceAFAQ N QUAL / 1997 / 7034 a, confirms the soundness and the performance of theQuality System we apply for the Design, the Development, the Manufacturing and theMarketing & Sales of all our prompt quotation / supplies, please make sure your inquiries and your orders aresecuring the following data :1 - International or Special Standard.

4 (Alternatively, the precise usage of the cable .)2 - Constructional - Other - - Required delivery - Required ORDERING PARAMETERS234 GENERALITIESAn OPTICAL transmission system can be resumed as follows:Source of digital signals / transmitting electrical- OPTICAL converter / OPTICAL FIBER cable /Possible repeaters for signal regeneration / Receiving OPTICAL electrical converter / ADVANTAGEM ajor economical and technical advantages of OPTICAL FIBER CABLES are :* LOW COST* HIGH TRANSMISSION SPEED FOR MORE DATA* LOW ATTENUATION, WHICH MEANS A GREATER DISTANCEBETWEEN REGENERATORS OR TERMINAL EQUIPMENT* SMALL SIZE AND LIGHT WEIGHT CABLES * NO CROSSTALK* NO ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCEFor comparisons with conventional CABLES the necessity of OPTICAL transmitters andreceivers must be / OPTICAL ConverterOptical FIBER CableReceivingOptical / Electrical GENERAL CONSTRUCTIONO ptical fibers used for communication are mostly made from silica, which, in pure form,has a very low loss in infrared region of the OPTICAL spectrum.

5 An OPTICAL FIBER isconstructed with a cylindrical core of a higher index of refraction than the claddingmaterial. This difference in index of refraction gives the FIBER its light guiding properties,as explained in hereafter principle of light transmission. The index of refraction of eitherthe core or the cladding are changed from the values of pure silica by the incorporation ofsmall amounts of doping materials, such as phosphorus and FIBER is protected with a layer of coating material, which is usually an acrylate,although silicone coating are sometimes used. Individual fibers are then placed into slots,tubes, bundles, or ribbons to form units which are stranded together to form the cablecore. Several layers of protective sheating, depending upon the application, are added toform the primary function of the OPTICAL FIBER is to protect the fibers from damage duringinstallation and use. OPTICAL FIBER cable structure can be categorized as follows:Construction 1 - All dielectric cable in which the strength members and / or sheathing are dielectricConstruction 2 - cable in which metallic materials are used for strength members orsheathing or cable structure must isolate the fibers from impact loads because the fibers do notdeform plastically and have little capacity to absorb tensile-load carrying members may be located at the longitudinal neutral axis of thecable, or over the cable core in the cable jacket, or any combination of the PRINCIPLEThe principle of light transmission in an OPTICAL FIBER is based on the total reflection, iflight falls with a certain angle on the interface of an OPTICAL medium having a higherrefractive index n1, and an OPTICAL medium having a lower trfractive index n2, it is totallyreflected.

6 The angle, under which light is totally reflected, is given by the followingreflection formula :According to this principle, an OPTICAL waveguide must be so constructed that an interfacebetween an OPTICAL medium with a low refractive index and an OPTICAL medium with ahigher refractive index is built. This can be accomplished with a thin light transmittingcore having a refractive index n1, and a surrounding OPTICAL cladding having a lowerrefractive index n2, so that the light is totally reflected at the max. limit angle of the total reflection a corresponding max. angle ofincidence in the FIBER sine of this angle is called the numerical aperture NA. That is the dominating valuefor coupling OPTICAL waveguides with each other, or OPTICAL transmitters with opticalwaveguides, or OPTICAL waveguides with receivers transmission characteristics of an OPTICAL waveguide are determined by the size of thecore, the profile curve in core and cladding as well as by the uniformity of the Mode Fibers : Single-mode fibers are constructed such that only one modepropagates at the system operating Fibers : Typical ,ultimode fibers support hundreds of propagating modes,each of which travels at a different = n2n1NA = sin max.

7 = max. SPECIFICATIONS OF OPTICAL FIBERSFIBERS WITHE DIFFERENT SPECIFICATIONS ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUESTSINGLE MODE FIBERSO ptical CharacteristicsAttenuation Coefficient1285 - 1330 nm1550 nmZero dispersion wavelengthZero dispersion slopeDispersion coefficient1285 - 1330 nm1550 nmMode Field Diameter (1310 nm)Cut-Off Wavelenth1)Geometrical CharacteristicsMFD Non-CircularityMFD / Cladding Concentricity ErrorCladding DiameterCladding Non-CircularityCoating DiameterCoating Concenticity Error (dB/km) (nm)(ps/( ))(ps/( ))( m)(nm)(%)( m)( m)(%)( m)( m) 1300 1322 _+ _+65< _+2< _+15 mode complying to ITU-T recommendation guiding core made of ultrapure silica glass with dopant materials - opticalcladding made of silica glass - coating of UV-reactive acrylate FIBERS (50 / 125) OPTICAL CharacteristicsAttenuation Coefficient (dB / km)@ 850 nm@ 1300 nmMinimum modal bandwith ( )@ 850 nm@ 1300 nmNumerical ApertureGeometrical CharacteristicsCore DiameterCore Non-CircularityCore/Cladding Concetricity ErrorCladding DiameterCladding Non-CircularityCoating DiameterCoating Concentricity Error ( m)(%)(%)( m)(%)( m)( m) _+ _+3< 6125 _+3< _+15 50/125 complying to IEC 60793 / 2 Light guiding core made of ultrapure silica glass with dopant materials - opticalcladding made of silica glass - coating of UV-reactive acrylate FIBERS ( / 125) OPTICAL CharacteristicsAttenuation Coefficient (dB / km)@ 850 nm@ 1300 nmMinimum modal bandwith ( )@ 850 nm@ 1300 nmNumerical ApertureGeometrical CharacteristicsCore DiameterCore Non-CircularityCore/Cladding Concetricity ErrorCladding DiameterCladding Non-CircularityCoating DiameterCoating Concentricity Error ( m)(%)(%)( m)(%)( m)( m)

8 _+ _+3< 6125 _+3< _+15 complying to IEC 60793 / 2 Light guiding core made of ultrapure silica glass with dopant materials - opticalcladding made of silica glass - coating of UV-reactive acrylate FIBER LOOSE TUBE, NON METALLIC JELLY FILLED CABLESD ielectric cable , longitudinally water-tight, non detectable and insensitive to theelectromagnetic external perturbationsCONSTRUCTIONOPTICAL FIBERM ultimode or Singlemode accordingto ITU-T and IEC recommendationswith a 250 m nominal outer STRENGTH MEMBERF iber glass reinforced plastic material,sheathed or non-sheathed withthermoplastic material (see assemblydrawing examples).TUBET hermoplastic material containingOptical Fibers and filled with suitablewater-tightness cylinder which canreplace a tube in the cable and eventually fillers areassembled in one layer around thecentral strength member (seeassembly drawing examples).

9 FillingBy injection in the cable core of asuitable water-tightness REINFORCMENTH elically laid and water-tightnesscompound impregnated aramid orequivalent type CORE PROTECTIONP lastic tapes helically or longitudinal-ly SHEATHB lack on sheathIdentification of of and type of : Individually colouredaccording to a colour : DRAWING EXAMPLESWith tubes containing a maximum of 6 fibersUp to 30 OPTICAL fibers1 to 6 tubes1 to 36 OPTICAL fibers7 or 8 tubesfrom 37 to 48 OPTICAL fibers9 or 10 tubesfrom 49 to 60 OPTICAL fibersUp to 66 OPTICAL fibers11 to 12 tubesfrom 61 to 72 OPTICAL fibersTUBEFILLERSTRENGTH MEMBER sheathed withthermoplastic materialNOTA possibility of manufacture with tubes containing 8 - 10 - 12 fibersPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICSC haracteristicsNumber of OPTICAL fibersNominal outer diameterWeight (approximate)Maximum Tensile load (*)Minimum bending radius-Static-DynamicCrush resistanceTemperature rangeNominal delivery lengths(mm)(kg/km)(daN)(mm)(mm)(daN/cm)( 0C)(m)1 to 61 to 3613130270150200301200/2100/24007 or 8from 37 to or 10from 49 to 601620027030035030+601200/2100/240011 or 12from 61 to of tubes (with a maximum of 6 Fibers per tube)(*) Corresponding elongation on the FIBER .

10 Informations subject to change without LOOSE TUBE, METALLIC JELLY FILLED CABLES - Longitudinally water-tight cable - Type A : Non armoured - duct pulling- Type B : Armoured - Undergroundor cross-river FIBERM ultimode or Singlemode accordingto ITU-T and IEC recommendationswith a 250 m nominal outer STRENGTH MEMBERNon metallic : FIBER glass reinforcedplastic : Solid wire or stranded, bareor phosphated steel or non-sheathed withthermoplastic material. (see assemblydrawing examples).TUBET hermoplastic material containingOptical Fibers and filled with suitablewater-tightness cylinder which canreplace a tube in the cable and eventually fillers areassembled in one layer around thecentral strength member (seeassembly drawing examples).FillingBy injection in the cable core of asuitable water-tightness CORE PROTECTIONP lastic tapes helically or longitudinal-ly A - LAP TAPE/SHEATHMOISTURE BARRIER LAP TAPEOUTER SHEATHB lack B - ARMOUREDINNER SHEATH (One LAP tape can beapplied under the inner sheath) and rodent protection bysteel tape or wires SHEATHB lack on sheathIdentification of of and type of : Individually colouredaccording to a colour : colouringOPTION.