PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MILITARY …

1 T,)C FILE ("i(IVPERFORMANCE EVALUATION OFMILITARY engine AND GEAR OILSIN FRICTION AND WEAR DEVICESLfle FINAL REPORTBFLRF No. NkIarbach, Belvoir Fuels and Lubricants Research Facility (SwRI)Southwest Research InstituteSan , TexasUnder ContrEct Army Belvoir Research, Developmentand Engineering CenterMaterials, Fuels and Lubricants LaboratoryFort Belvoir, VirginiaContract No. DAAK70-87-C-0029 Xtto '5 5 IApproved for public release; distributior unlimit ;LSeptember 1188dill i liil8 I lanai "UnclassifiedSECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGEREPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGEla. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb.)

2 RESTRICTIVE MARKINGSU nclassified None2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABIUTY OF REPORTN/A Approved for public release;2b. DECLASSIFICATION/DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE distribution PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 5. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S)Final Report BFLRF No. 25660. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATIONB elvoir Fuels and Lubricants (If 8PP/&cb&Research Facility (SwRI) _6c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) lb. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code)Southwest Research Drawer 28510 San Antonio.)

3 Texas 78284Ba. NAME OF FUNDING/SPONSORING 18b. OFFICE SYMBOL 9. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBERORGANIZATION Army Belvoir f apobae)Research, Development and DAAK70-87-C-O029 Engineering Center .STRBE-VFF8c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 10. SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERSFort Belvoir, VA 22060-5606 PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNITELEMENT NO. NO. NO. ACCESSION TITLE (Include Security Classifiation) PERFORMANCE EVALUATION of MILITARY engine and r Oils in Friction and WearDevices (U)12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S)Marbach, Jr., Howard W. 7/13a. TYPE OF REPORT 13b. TIME COVERED 14.

4 DATE OF REPORT (Year, Month, Day) 15. PAGE COUNTF inal FROM o 8TO8 1988 September 2916. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION //17. COSATI CODES 18. S. CT TERMS (Cortinue on reverse if neceary and identify by block numberFIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP engine Lubricants Statistical Analysis) Correlation) ASTMGear Lubricants Multipurpose , RankingTest Procedure Specification Test ResultsvK.,.ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse if necamary and identify by bock number)For this program, eight lubricants were selected from three MILITARY lubricant specifications: threelubricants from MIL-L-2105C multipurpose gear lubricants, grades 75W, SOW-90, and 85W-140; threereference grade MIL-L-2104D tactical engine lubricants, grades 10W, 40, and 15W-40; one grade OW-20 MIL-L-46167A Arctic engine lubricant; and one grade CD/50 lubricant that met the MIL-L-2104 Cspecification.

5 The lubricants were tested and evaluated under a wide range of lubricationenvironments using five friction-and-wear test devices. The results were analyzed by using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) , a Tukey multiple comparison test was used to compare pairs of means among the gear andengine lubricants within a given test method. Lubricants were determined that had significantlydifferent means from the other lubricants. Rankings based on the order of the average response(Cont'd)2D. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY OF ABSTRACT 21. ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATIONA UNCLASSIFIED/UNLIMITED [3 SAME AS RPT.]

6 5 DTIC USERS Unclassified22a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUAL 22b. TELEPHONE (Inchide Aree Codel 22c. OFFICE SYMBOLDr. Madeline Swann 703/664-3576 STRBE-VFFDO FORM 1473. 84 MAR 83 APR edition may be used untl exhausmed. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGEA other editions are CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE19. ABSTRACT (Cont'd)from the statistical analysis were compared to the rankings determined from the test procedureperformance results. Also, a linear regression analysis was able to correlate the results of two ofthe test methods with 89-percent accuracy, but the analysis could not predict the results of theother three tests with sufficient accuracy.)

7 The best overall PERFORMANCE with the least trade-offswas selected. This lubricant was a grade CD/0, MIL-L-2104C tactical engine lubricantequivalent and could be used as a gear OF THIS PAGEFOREWORDThis work was performed at the Belvoir Fuels and Lubricants Research Facility (BFLRF)located at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), San Antonio, TX, under Contract , for the period 28 August 1987 through 28 August 1988. Work wasfunded by the Army Belvoir Research, Development and Engineering Center, , VA, with Dr. Madeline Swann (STRBE-VFF) serving as contracting officer' ForVTIS GPA&IDTIC TABJ ustif icationByDistribut ion/ -Availability CodesAvaft and/or-Dist SpecialiiiACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe author acknowledges the assistance provided by the staff of his organization, withspecial recognition to the following:* Mr.

8 Edwin A. Frame for his technical counsel,* Mr. Raymond D. Townsend, Jr. for the conduct of the Caterpillar TO-2 Friction Tests and the ASTM D 2882 Vane Wear Pump Test,* Mr. Burl B. Baber for the conduct of the Ryder Gear Wear Test,* Dr. Robert L. Mason and Ms. Janet P. Buckingham for their statisticalanalysis and data processing, and* Mr. James W. Pryor, Ms. Cynthia G. Sturrock, and Ms. Lucretia A. Pierce forediting and preparation of the E..l U I U II l E I I I U BuE 1 TABLE OF CONTENTSS ection PageI. INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND .. III. OBJECTIVE .. 2 III. TEST DETAILS.

9 2A. Test Lubricants .. 2B. Friction-and-Wear Tests .. 4IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS .. 6A. Test Results .. 6B. Statistical Analysis of Test Results .. 15V. CONCLUSIONS .. 26VI. RECOMMENDATIONS .. 29 VII. REFERENCES .. 29 VILIST OF ILLUSTRATIONSF igure Page1 Duplicate Results of ASTM D 2882 Vickers Vane Pump Wear Test .. 82 Duplicate Results of ASTM D 4172 Four-Ball Test .. 93 Duplicate Results of Timken Extreme Pressure Test .. 104 Average Load-Carrying Capacities Plotted With Respective95-Percent Confidence Limits Included .. 125 D 2882 Ring Weight Loss--95% Tukey HSD Intervals.

10 176 D 2882 Vane Weight Loss--95% Tukey HSD Intervals .. 177 D 2882 Total Weight Loss--95% Tukey HSD Intervals .. 188 D 4172 Scar Diameter--95% Tukey HSD Intervals .. 189 D 2782 OK Load Value--95% Tukey HSD Intervals .. 1910 D 1947 Load Capacity--95% Tukey HSD Intervals .. 19I I Cat TO-2 Time Increase--95% Tukey HSD Intervals .. Cat TO-2 Bronze Wear--95% Tukey HSD Intervals .. 2013 Cat TO-2 Steel Wear--95% Tukey HSD Intervals .. 2114 Cat TO-2 Total Wear--95% Tukey HSD Intervals .. 2115 Cat TO-2 Test Cycles--95% Tukey HSD Intervals .. 2216 Correlation for the Statistical and Test Procedure Ranking.