Pervious Pavement Design Guidance

1 Pervious Pavement Design Guidance August 2014. california department of transportation Division of Design Office of Storm Water Management 1120 N Street Sacramento, california Table of Contents 1. 1. OVERVIEW .. 1. DEFINITION .. 2. BENEFITS .. 2. NEED STATEMENT .. 3. 2. SELECTION CRITERIA .. 4. CANDIDATE 4. FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS .. 6. COST ANALYSIS AND TYPICAL CROSS SECTIONS .. 7. OTHER Design CONSIDERATIONS ..10. 3. Design CRITERIA ..11. STRUCTURAL Design ..11. RESERVOIR LAYER Design ..11. MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS ..15. 4. Pavement STRUCTURAL Design ..17. MATERIALS AND MIX Design .

2 17. TRAFFIC ..17. Design METHOD ..17. CATEGORY PEDESTRIAN AND BIKE PATHWAYS, OCCASIONAL LIGHT VEHICLE CAN BE PERMITTED, AND SIDEWALKS EXCEPT AT. DRIVEWAYS ..20. CATEGORY B ..20. MAINTENANCE VEHICLE PULL OUT ..20. RECOVERY ZONE OUTSIDE SHOULDER AREA AND GORE AREA ..20. DRIVEWAY OR SIDEWALK AT DRIVEWAY ..21. MAINTENANCE ACCESS PARKING AREA FOR PASSENGER VEHICLES INCLUDING TRAFFICKED AREA ..21. CATEGORY C ..22. PARKING AREA FOR HEAVY VEHICLES ( REST AREA ON HIGHWAY WITH AADTT > 3000) ..22. BUS STOP PADS ..22. REFERENCES ..23. APPENDIX .. 1. 1. CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS .. 1.

3 PREPARATION AND PLACEMENT .. 1. 2. MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES .. 1. MAINTENANCE .. 1. 3. USAGE NOTES FOR Pervious Pavement NSSPS & RECOMMENDED MINIMUM. Pavement STRUCTURES .. 4. USAGE NOTES FOR Pervious Pavement NSSPS .. 4. Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbook i Pervious Pavement Design Guidance Table of Contents List of Tables TABLE 1-1: Pervious Pavement CATEGORIES .. 1. TABLE 2-1: COST ANALYSIS .. 7. TABLE 3-1: HYDROLOGY RESERVOIR Design FOR SMALL STORM EVENTS ..13. List of Figures FIGURE 2-1 - TYPICAL PCP 8. FIGURE 2-2 - TYPICAL PAP CROSS SECTION .. 9. FIGURE 2-3 - TYPICAL PICP CROSS SECTION.

4 9. FIGURE 2-4- BARRIER BETWEEN Pervious AND AC PAVEMENTS ..10. Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbook ii Pervious Pavement Design Guidance Table of Contents List of Acronyms AB Aggregate Base ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials BMP Best Management Practice Caltrans california department of transportation CT california Test EPA Environmental Protection Agency HDM Highway Design Manual HMA Hot Mixed Asphalt LID Low Impact Development MEP Maximum Extent Practical MR Modulus of Rupture Mr Resilient Modulus MS4 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System NRCS National Resources

5 Conservation Service nSSP Non-Standard Special Provision O&M Operations & Maintenance OGAC Open Graded Asphalt Concrete OGFC Open Graded Friction Course OSWMD Office of Storm Water Management - Design PAP Pervious Asphalt Pavement PCC Portland Cement Concrete PCP Pervious Concrete Pavement PE Project Engineer PICP Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavement PPDG Project Planning and Design Guide PVC Polyvinyl Chloride QA/QC Quality Assurance/Quality Control RWQCB Regional Water Quality Control Board SF Square Feet TI Traffic Index TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load VER Version WLA Waste Load Allocation WQV Water Quality Volume Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbook iii Pervious Pavement Design Guidance SECTIONONE Introduction 1.

6 INTRODUCTION. Overview This Guidance considers Pervious Concrete Pavement (PCP), Pervious Asphalt Pavement (PAP) (also known nationally as Porous Asphalt Pavement ), and Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavement (PICP). While Pervious pavements have become very popular in the area of stormwater management, the true applicability to the highway environment is still unclear. Local agencies and regulators continue to ask Caltrans to consider Pervious Pavement on projects. However, until more information is determined related to safety, maintainability, constructability, and improved water quality benefit over other approved stormwater best management practices (BMPs) the inclusion of Pervious Pavement into Caltrans projects needs to be carefully considered.

7 This document was developed to provide general Guidance on the Design and applicability of Pervious pavements for Caltrans projects. The intent was to have consistent guidelines and standards, if a Pervious Pavement installation was ultimately chosen. A major concern related to Pervious Pavement is maintainability. Prior to implementing Pervious Pavement into a contract within Caltrans right of way, concurrence is needed from the Office of Stormwater Management and the Division of Maintenance. Maintenance wants to be assured that a long term maintenance plan has been developed or a maintenance agreement has been formalized.

8 When considering Pervious Pavement for stormwater treatment, a project should first evaluate the other approved BMPs and compare them to determine if Pervious Pavement would be considered the preferred BMP. Use Table 1-1 to help determine which locations are suitable candidates for Pervious Pavement and consult with the District Stormwater Coordinator. Table 1-1: Pervious Pavement Categories Category Examples Loading Speed Risk A Landscaped areas, sidewalks and No N/A Low bike paths (with no vehicular vehicular access), miscellaneous Pavement to loads accept run-on from adjacent impervious areas ( roofs).

9 B Parking lots, park & ride areas, Few Low Low maintenance access roads, scenic heavy speed overview areas, sidewalks and bike loads (less than paths (with maintenance/vehicular 30 mph). Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbook 1. Pervious Pavement Design Guidance SECTIONONE Introduction access), maintenance vehicle pullout C Rest areas, maintenance stations Moderate Low Low heavy speed loads D Shoulders, some low volume roads, Moderate High Medium areas in front of noise barriers heavy speed (beyond the traveled way) loads E Highways, weigh stations High High High heavy speed loads This Guidance was developed with the understanding that only those project examples listed in Categories A, B & C (listed as Low Risk) would be considered at this time.

10 Categories D and E are currently not candidates for Pervious Pavement on Caltrans facilities. If the purpose of installing Pervious Pavement is not for NPDES permit compliance, then variation from certain siting and Design requirements may be allowed. Contact the Office of Storm Water Management Design (OSWMD). Definition Pervious pavements allow stormwater to filter through voids in the Pavement surface into an underlying rock reservoir where it is temporarily stored and infiltrated into the surrounding materials. While Pervious Pavement designs may vary, they all have a similar structure consisting of a surface Pavement layer with an underlying reservoir layer.