Planned Approach to Community Health - lgreen.net

1 PLANNEDAPPROACHTOCOMMUNITYHEALTHGUIDE FOR THELOCAL DEPARTMENT OF Health AND HUMAN SERVICESP ublic Health ServiceCenters for Disease Control and PreventionNational Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health PromotionCENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTIONDEPARTMENTOFHEALTH&HUMANSERVIC ES USAP lannedApproachto CommunityHealthGuide for theLocal CoordinatorThis publication was developed and produced by the National Center for ChronicDisease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control Center for Chronic Disease Preventionand Health Promotion .. James S. Marks, MD, MPHD irectorDivision of Chronic Disease Controland Community Intervention .. Marjorie A. Speers, PhD Director John R. Livengoood, MD, MPhilAssociate Director for ScienceBrick Lancaster, MAAssociate Director forHealth EducationPractice and PolicyCommunity Health Promotion Branch .. Nancy B. Watkins, MPH Public Health Educator Project Director AuthorCatherine A.

2 Hutsell, MPH Public Health EducatorStaff reviewerEditoral Services/Technical Information Services Branch .. Byron Breedlove, MAWriter-editor Editing, design, and layoutManagement Analysis Services OfficePublication Graphics Section .. Leslie StenhouseVisual Information SpecialistProduction design and layoutAcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the thousands of Community people who have usedPATCH and other Community planning models to assess and improve the healthand quality of life in their communities. These materials were updated and de-signed to provide you with information on the process and on things to considerwhen adapting the process for your Community . Even if you are not undertakinga Community planning process, you will find information concerning such thingsas data use, partnering within and beyond the Community , and appropriate levelsof evaluation that may help you enrich any Community document is not covered by copyright; it may be copied or reprinted fornonprofit purposes without permission.

3 We encourage you to share it further information on Health education, Health promotion, and communityhealth planning contact the National Center for Chronic Disease Preventionand Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MailstopK 46, 4770 Buford Highway, , Atlanta, Georgia, 30341; 770/488-5426;FAX 770 Department of Health and Human Services. Planned Approach to CommunityHealth: Guide for the Local Coordinator. Atlanta, GA: Department of Healthand Human Services, Department of Health and Human Services, Centers forDisease Control and PreventionNational Center for Chronic Disease Preventionand Health CommunityHealthConcept GuidePlanned Approach to Community Health :Guide for the Local CoordinatorHow the PATCH materials are organizedThe PATCH: Guide for the Local Coordinator is a three-part package ofmaterials designed to help communities undertake the PATCH process. Itprovides how-to information on the process and on things to consider whenadapting the process for your Community .

4 PATCH materials include the Con-cept Guide, which contains information and tools for carrying out the PATCH process; the Meeting Guide, which is designed to assist the local coordinatorwith planning and conducting the Community group meeting(s) related to eachphase of the PATCH process; and the Visual Aids packet, which includescamera-ready copy of overheads and you will want to adapt these materials and pull items from them tomeet your needs and circumstances, detailed listings of contents appear ineach of the three components. Page codes are included to help with the loca-tion and collation of the materials. For example, a page coded CG1-5 wouldbe from the Concept Guide, chapter 1, page 5. A page coded II-H-2 would befrom phase II, handout number codeConcept GuideChapter 1 Overview of PATCH .. CG1-1 Chapter 2 Mobilizing the Community .. CG2-1 Chapter 3 Collecting and Organizing Data .. CG3-1 Chapter 4 Choosing Health Priorities.

5 CG4-1 Chapter 5 Developing a Comprehensive Intervention Plan .. CG5-1 Chapter 6 Evaluating PATCH .. CG6-1 Appendix 1 PATCH Assessment and Tracking .. A1-1 Appendix 2 Tipsheets .. A2-1 Appendix 3 Program Documentation .. A3-1 Appendix 4 Glossary .. A4-1 Appendix 5 Bibliography .. A5-1 Meeting GuidePATCH Meeting Guide: Overview .. MGO-1 Meeting Guide for Phase I:Mobilizing the Community .. MG1-1 Meeting Guide for Phase II:Collecting and Organizing Data .. MG2-1 Meeting Guide for Phase III:Choosing Health Priorities .. MG3-1 Meeting Guide for Phase IV:Developing a Comprehensive Intervention Plan .. MG4-1 Meeting Guide for Phase V:Evaluating PATCH .. MG5-1 Visual AidsOverheads for phase I .. I-O-1 Handouts for phase I .. I-H-1 Overheads for phase II .. II-O-1 Handouts for phase II .. II-H-1 Overheads for phase III .. III-O-1 Handouts for phase III .. III-H-1 Overheads for phase IV.

6 IV-O-1 Handouts for phase IV .. IV-H-1 Overheads for phase V .. V-O-1 Handouts for phase V .. V-H-1 Other PATCH tools:Behavioral Data PacketTo be developed by thecommunity; Described onpage CG3-27 Checklist for Designing aPhase IV handout, IV-H-1;Successful InterventionDescribed on page CG5-15;(Checklist)Components of the Checklistare in other handouts andoverheadsCommunity Leader Opinion SurveyPhase I handout, I-H-4;Described on page CG3-28 Community ProfileSection PD-I of the ProgramDocumentation of Appendix 3;Described on page CG2-2 Community Resource InventoryPhase IV handout, IV-H-5;Part of the Checklist, handoutfor phase IV, IV-H-1;Described on page CG5-15 Contributors to Leading CausesPhase III handout, III-H-1;of DeathDescribed on page CG3-5 Evaluation WorksheetPhase V handouts, V-H-1 andV-H-2 (example); Part of theChecklist, handout for phase IV,IV-H-1; Described on pageCG5-19 Existing Community Programs/Phase III handout, III-H-2;Policies MatrixPhase III overhead, III-O-11.

7 Phase IV overhead, IV-O-8(example); Described on pagesCG4-6 and CG5-14 Five Phases of PATCHP hase I overheads, I-O-2 andI-O-3; Described onpage CG1-4 Five Steps to Planning anPhase V handout, CG6-13;EvaluationDescribed on page CG6-11 Inventory of CollaboratingPhase I handout, I-H-2;GroupsDescribed on pages CG2-9and CG5-3 List of Health ProblemsPhase II handout, II-H-1;Phase II overhead, II-O-2;Described on page CG4-2 Meeting Evaluation FormTo be developed by thecommunity; Described onpage MGO-3 Mortality and MorbidityTo be developed by theData Packetscommunity; Described onpage CG3-20 Opinion Data PacketTo be developed by thecommunity; Described onpage CG3-35 Program Documentation (PD)Appendix 3, contains sectionsPD-I through PD-XII;Described on pages CG2-2,CG3-13, CG3-25, and CG3-34 Stages of ChangePhase IV handout, IV-H-6;Described on page CG5-20 TimetablePhase IV overheads, IV-O-11and IV-O-12; Part of theChecklist, handout for phase IV,IV-H-1; Described onpage CG5-15 Work PlanPhase IV handouts, IV-H-7(example) and IV-H-8; Part ofthe Checklist, handout forphase IV, IV-H-1;Described on page CG5-17 Chapter 1 Overview of PATCHC ontentsIntroduction.

8 CG1-1 Definition and goal of PATCH .. CG1-1 Background of PATCH .. CG1-2 Elements critical to PATCH .. CG1-3 The PATCH process .. CG1-4 Phase I: Mobilizing the Community .. CG1-4 Phase II: Collecting and organizing data .. CG1-4 Phase III: Choosing Health priorities .. CG1-5 Phase IV: Developing a comprehensive intervention plan .. CG1-5 Phase V: Evaluating PATCH .. CG1-5 Using PATCH to address a specific Health issue or population .. CG1-6 How to use the PATCH materials .. CG1-6 Concept guide .. CG1-7 Meeting guide .. CG1-7 Visual aids .. CG1-8 Overview of PATCH CG1-1 Chapter 1 Overview of PATCHI ntroductionThe Planned Approach to Community Health (PATCH) is acommunity Health planning model that was developed inthe mid-1980s by the Centers for Disease Control andPrevention (CDC) in partnership with state and local healthdepartments and Community groups. This concept guide is part of avariety of materials designed to help a local coordinator facilitatethe PATCH process within a Community .

9 These materials provide how-to information on the process and on things to considerwhen adapting the process for your and goal of PATCHPATCH is a process that many communities use to plan, conduct,and evaluate Health promotion and disease prevention PATCH process helps a Community establish a Health promo-tion team, collect and use local data, set Health priorities, anddesign and evaluate interventions. Adaptable to a variety of situa-tions, it can be used when a Community wants to identify andaddress priority Health problems or when the Health priority orspecial population to be addressed has already been selected. It canalso be adapted and used by existing organizational and planningstructures in the goal of PATCH is to increase the capacity of communities toplan, implement, and evaluate comprehensive, Community -basedhealth promotion programs targeted toward priority Health prob-lems. CDC promotes the use of PATCH in helping achieve the year2000 national Health These objectives aim to reducethe prevalence of modifiable risk factors for the leading causes ofpreventable disease, death, disability, and injury.

10 Although theseobjectives are national in scope, achieving them depends on effortsto promote Health and provide prevention services at the local goal of PATCH isto increase the capac-ity of communities toplan, implement, andevaluate comprehen-sive, Community -basedhealth Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotionand Disease Prevention Objectives. Washington, : Department of Health and Human Ser-vices, Public Health Service, 1991; DHHS publication no. (PHS) : Guide for the Local Coordinator CG1-2 Background of PATCHPATCH was developed in the mid-1980s by the CDC in partner-ship with state and local Health departments and communitygroups. The purpose was to offer a practical, Community -basedprocess that was built upon the latest Health education, healthpromotion, and Community development knowledge and theoriesand organized within the context of the PRECEDE (predisposing,reinforcing, and enabling constructs in educational/environmentaldiagnosis and evaluation) was built on the same philosophy as the World HealthOrganization s Health for All and the Ottawa Charter for HealthPromotion,2 which specifies that Health promotion is the process ofenabling people to increase control over their Health and to im-prove their Health .