Project Based Learning- 2nd Grade Sound

1 Project Based learning - 2nd Grade Sound ** by Leasa CarpenterEssential Question: Can you feel Sound ?Subquestions:1. What makes Sound ?2. How does the human ear work?3. How does changing the size and shape of a musical instrument change the Sound ?4. What is observed when Sound travels through different materials? 5. What can be observed by listening to a variety of instruments?Science Competency Goal 4:The learner will conduct investigations and use appropriate technology to build an understanding of the concepts of ArtsCompetency Goal 3:The learner will make connections through the use of oral language, written language, and media and / TechnologyCompetency Goal 2:The learner will demonstrate knowledge and skills in the use of computer and other technologies.

2 Real World ConnectionWhether it be a hearing student or a non-hearing student,there is an awareness of Sound through vibrations. Sound is all around us in our can observe and interact with this concept in a variety of ways and no matter what background knowledge they bring to the table,there will be unique experiences to #1 Demonstrate how Sound is produced by vibrating objects and vibrating columns of Needed: an empty coffee can with a plastic lid uncooked rice grains or small black beans metal tablespoon notebookActivity the coffee can in the center of a table. Make sure the plastic lid is on a 1/2 tablespoon of rice in the center of the plastic lid.

3 Predict what will the rim with a metal what happens to the rice observations in a causes the rice to bounce? is needed to make the rice jump higher?What's Happening?A series of energy transfers makes the rice jump or move. The energy used to tap the tablespoon on the coffee can lid was transferred into a moving vibration that bounced around inside the can in all directions. As the vibrations hit the lid, the energy or vibrations transferred to the rice, and the rice then vibrated or jumped off the surface of the lid.*Activity can be found 1bMake a KazooPurpose: This investigation explains that energy is needed to produce Sound and illustrates that Sound vibration can be seen, heard, and cardboard tube (paper towel or bathroom tissue) wax paper rubber band sharpened pencil notebook out a square of wax paper 2-1/2 inches by 2-1/2 inches and place it over one end of the cardboard tube to create a lid.

4 (Be careful not to apply too much pressure to the cardboard; it may cave in or bend.) the wax paper over one end of the tube and secure the wax paper tightly with a rubber the open end of the kazoo to your mouth and hum a tune. Feel the other end of the tube (kazoo) while you are about the following questions: What happens when you hum into the tube? Why does your voice Sound different? How does the loudness of your voice increase? observations on notebook paper by using the format Prediction What I Did Actual Results Questions a sharp pencil to poke a hole in the center of the tube, through the wax the tube end without the wax paper over your mouth and your observations on your own and record your 's Happening?

5 Sound is a form of energy because it makes matter (solid, liquid, and gas molecules) vibrate. Vibrations are felt as Sound is created; for example, when you hum into your kazoo. Sound waves move in all directions. If an object such as wax paper or your hand is placed in front of the tube, the Sound will be partially absorbed and will Sound softer and muffled. When the air hole is open, the Sound waves are able to travel freely, and the Sound seems louder than when the finger covers the can be found hereActivity #2 Objective Show how the frequency can be changed by altering the rate of the vibration Materials Needed: slinky (metal preferred) metric ruler meter stick pencil notebookApproximate Time Needed:Activity a friend to help, stretch the slinky out until there is about 1 cm between each waves by moving one end of the slinky to the right or left about 15 cm and back to the starting point.

6 The other end should be held in place. This type of wave is a transverse wave. Record observations in a a series of trials varying the energy amount used to create movement in the slinky. Record observations in a the slinky out until it is about 4 m long. Hold the ends the slinky spring stops moving, one person should squeeze three or four loops together and watch the group of springs travel back and forth. This type of wave is a longitudinal wave. Record observations in a a series of trials varying the energy of this type of wave. Record your observations in a do you think happens when two waves travel in the same direction at the same time?

7 Do you think happens when two waves travel in opposite directions at the same time?What's Happening?As the slinky moved to the left or right of the starting point, the created waves looked like a moving snake. This wave is a transverse wave and vibrates at right angles (in the direction of the wave). When the slinky was squeezed and released, the wave moved along the slinky in the same direction as it was stretched. This type of wave is called longitudinal. By moving the slinky faster, the number of waves increased. By moving the slinky slower, the number of waves decreased. This change in speed shows that the amount of energy that goes into a wave has an effect on the number of waves produced.

8 A wave cycle occurs when the wave moves from the starting point to the opposite end and back again to the starting point. The number of waves per second that go through a complete cycle is called the frequency of the wave. The speed of the wave has a direct link to the frequency of the can be found # Show how the human ear detects Sound by having a membrane that vibrates when Sound reaches Needed: plastic tray plastic cup square sheet of thin rubber rubber band noisemaker a pinch of salt or fine sand small piece of paperBegin with discussion of the anatomy of the ear is made up of three different sections: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear.

9 These parts all work together so you can hear and process ears are in charge of collecting sounds, processing them, and sending Sound signals to your brain. And that's not all - your ears also help you keep your balance. So if you bend over to pick up your cat, you won't fall down .Check out this website: The Ear Activity Description:Stretch the sheet of thin rubber over the cup and secure it with a rubber band. Now pull the edges of the rubber square so that it fits as tightly as a pinch of salt or sand or tiny bits of paper on the model eardrum and use a noisemaker close to, but not on, the surface of the model. What happens to the salt or sand or bits of paper on the model?

10 What do you think is causing the model eardrum to the noisemaker closer to the model eardrum. What do you notice? What do you notice when the noisemaker is far away?Activity can be found #4 Show how the frequency can be changed by altering the size and shape of a variety of Identify and use multimedia tools to combine text and graphics as a class/group assignment. (5) Identify, discuss, and cite resources for a class/group multimedia Needed:* Computers with GarageBand installedActivity Description:Students will use computer lab time to explore will produce sounds with high pitch and low pitch,fast and slow tempo.