Transcription of Properties of Acids and Bases - ScienceGeek.net
1 Properties of Acids and Bases Acids Bases Taste sour Taste Bitter Examples of Acids : pH less than 7 pH greater than 7 Examples of Bases : Acids effect indicators: Bases effect indicators: LiOH. Monoprotic Acids 1. Acids turn blue litmus to red 1. Bases turn red litmus to blue NaOH. HNO3 nitric acid 2. Acids turn methyl orange to red 2. Bases turn methyl orange to yellow KOH. HCl hydrochloric acid 3. Bases turn phenolphthalein to Mg(OH)2. HC2H3O2 acetic acid purple Ca(OH) 2. Acids neutralize Bases producing a salt Bases neutralize Acids producing a salt NH4OH.
2 Diprotic acid and water and water H2SO4 sulfuric acid Proton donors Proton acceptors (Proton = H+ = hydrogen ion) (Proton = H+ = hydrogen ion). Triprotic acid Increase H+ ion concentration in solution Increase OH- ion concentration in solution H3PO4 phosphoric acid Acids are electrolytes Bases are electrolytes Acids react with carbonates to produce a Bases feel slippery salt, water and CO2. Acids react with active metals to produce hydrogen Reaction of an acid with a base (neutralization) always produces a salt and water: acid base Salt water HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) NaCl (aq) + H2O.
3 H2SO4 (aq) + Ca(OH) 2 (aq) CaSO4 (aq) + 2H2O. HNO3 (aq) + KOH (aq) KNO 3 (aq) + H2O. Reaction of an acid with an active metal: Metal acid Salt Hydrogen gas Zn (s) + 2 HCl (aq) ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g). Mg (s) + 2 HNO3 (aq) Mg(NO 3)2 (aq) + H2 (g). Reaction of an acid with a carbonate: acid Carbonate Salt water Carbon dioxide gas 2 HCl (aq) + Na2CO3 (aq) 2 NaCl (aq) + H2O + CO2 (g). H2SO4 (aq) + MgCO3 (aq) MgSO4 (aq) + H2O + CO2 (g).
