Public Services Delivery - ISBN: 0821361406 - …

1 Public SERVICESDELIVERYE dited by ANWAR SHAHPUBLIC SECTORGOVERNANCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY SERIESPUBLICSERVICES Delivery Introduction to the Public Sector governance and Accountability Series Anwar Shah, Series Editor A well-functioning Public sector that delivers quality Public Services consistent with citizenpreferences and that fosters private market-led growth while managing fiscal resources pru-dently is considered critical to the World Bank s mission of poverty alleviation and theachievement of Millennium Development Goals. This important new series aims to advancethose objectives by disseminating conceptual guidance and lessons from practices and byfacilitating learning from each others experiences on ideas and practices that promoteresponsive(by matching Public Services with citizens preferences),responsible(through effi-ciency and equity in service provision without undue fiscal and social risk), and accountable(to citizens for all actions)

2 Public governance in developing series represents a response to several independent evaluations in recent years thathave argued that development practitioners and policy makers dealing with Public sectorreforms in developing countries and, indeed, anyone with a concern for effective Public gov-ernance could benefit from a synthesis of newer perspectives on Public sector reforms. Thisseries distills current wisdom and presents tools of analysis for improving the efficiency,equity, and efficacy of the Public sector. Leading Public policy experts and practitioners havecontributed to the first seven volumes in the series (Fiscal Management, Public Services Delivery ,Pub-lic Expenditure Analysis,Tools for Public Sector Evaluations,Macrofederalism andLocalFinances,International Practices in Local governance ,and Citizen-Centered governance ) areconcerned with Public sector accountability for prudent fiscal management; efficiency andequity in Public service provision.

3 Safeguards for the protection of the poor, women, minori-ties, and other disadvantaged groups; ways of strengthening institutional arrangements forvoice and exit; methods of evaluating Public sector programs, fiscal federalism, and localfinances; international practices in local governance ; and a framework for responsive andaccountable Management Edited by Anwar ShahPublic Expenditure AnalysisEdited by Anwar ShahTools for Public Sector EvaluationsEdited by Anwar ShahMacrofederalism and Local FinancesEdited by Anwar ShahInternational Practices in Local GovernanceEdited by Anwar ShahCitizen-Centered GovernanceMatthew Andrews and Anwar ShahTHE WORLD BANKW ashington.

4 Delivery Edited by ANWAR SHAHPUBLIC SECTOR governance ANDACCOUNTABILITY SERIES 2005 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank1818 H Street NWWashington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: : rights reserved123408070605 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of theauthor(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors ofthe International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bankor the governments they World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in thiswork.

5 The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on anymap in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of The World Bank con-cerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of and PermissionsThe material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting por-tions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. TheInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank encour-ages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce por-tions of the work permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc.

6 ,222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should beaddressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Wash-ington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2422; e-mail: 978-0-8213-6140-5 isbn -10: 0-8213-6140-6eISBN: 0-8213-6141-4 DOI: of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataPublic Services Delivery / edited by Anwar cm. ( Public sector governance , and accountability series)Includes bibliographical references and 0-8213-6140-6 (pbk.)

7 1. Government productivity Evaluation. 2. Public administration Evaluation. Services Evaluation. 4. Medical care Evaluation. 5. Education Evaluation. welfare Evaluation. 7. Infrastructure (Economics) Evaluation. I. Shah, World Bank. III. '068'4 dc222005043246vContentsIntroduction to the Public Sector Governanceand Accountability SeriesiiForewordixPrefacexiAcknowledgmen tsxiiiContributorsxvAbbreviations and AcronymsxxiOverviewxxiiiby Anwar ShahIssues Associated with theImplementation of Governmentwide Perfor-mance Monitoring1by Alasdair RobertsCurrent Efforts at Governmentwide Performance Monitoring 4 Difficulties in Execution11 Prospects for Governmentwide Performance Planning23 Annex : Outcome Measures in the Oregon Plan30 Annex.

8 Outcome Measures in the Florida Plan311 CHAPTERA nnex : Outcome Measures in the Alberta Plan34 Annex : Outcome Measures in the Nova Scotia Plan35 Annex : Draft Outcome Measures for the Canadian Government37A Simple Measure of Good Governance39by Jeff Huther and Anwar ShahMeasuring governance Quality40 Impact of Fiscal Decentralization on governance Quality46 Quality of governance and Decentralization 52 Conclusion54 Annex : Sources and Quality of Data and Explanations Regard-ing Development of Component Indexes 57 Annex : Composite Indexes60 Assessing Local Government Performance in Develop-ing Countries63by Matthew Andrews and Anwar ShahEvaluation Criteria64 Evaluating Conformance to Legislation and Process65 Evaluating Responsiveness72 Evaluating Efficiency75 Evaluating Accountability77 Conclusion80 Results Matter: Suggestions for a Developing Country sEarly Outcome Measurement Effort85by Harry P.

9 HatryWhat Is Outcome Measurement?85 Why Measure Outcomes?86 Obstacles to Outcome Measurement in Developing Countries86 Basic Steps in Implementing an Outcome Measurement Process88 Basic Outcome Measurement Procedures and Their Costs93viContents234 Measurements of Extent of Corruption98 Measurements of Response Time99 Data Quality Control100 Using Outcome Data100 Final Note102 Annex : Household Questionnaire103 Annex : Trained Observer Procedures107 Annex : Examples of Performance Indicators for TrackingAnticorruption EffortsDelivering Local/Municipal Services117by Harry KitchenPublic Sector Alternatives117 Private Sector Provision128 Public -Private Partnerships139 Summary145 Assessing the Performance of Health Services in Reaching the Poor153by Agnes Soucat, Ruth Levine, Adam Wagstaff, Abdo S.

10 Yazbeck,Charles C. Griffin, Timothy Johnston, Paul Hutchinson, and Rudolf KnippenbergChanneling Resources to the Poor156 Reaching the Poor: Equity of Coverage for Interventions Address-ing the Needs of the Poor162 Equity and the Impact of Health Sector Financing178 Conclusion185 Measuring Public Sector Performance in Infrastructure193by Hadi Salehi EsfahaniThe Nature of the Problem195 Choosing Performance Indicators196 Evaluating Trained Observer Rating PRSP Framework Determinants of Health DALYs Lost per 1,000 Population by Eight Steps to Effective Coverage for the Poor Components of governance Ranking of Countries on governance governance Index Correlation Correlation of Subnational Expenditures with governance Quality Omissions from Original Outcome Indicators for Elementary and Secondary School Outcome Indicators for Youth Outcome Indicators for Solid Waste Toronto Road Condition Rating Private versus Public Sector Delivery in Sources of Data for Assessing Example of Determinants