RECOMMENDED STANDARDS ON WEIGHTS, DIMENSIONS, …

1 RECOMMENDED STANDARDS ON WEIGHTS, DIMENSIONS, AND EMISSIONS OF freight ROAD VEHICLES ALONG THE ASIAN HIGHWAY NETWORK DRAFT REPORT VERSION 1 2 CON TEN TS L i s t o f a b b r e v i a t i o n s .. 3 UN I T S .. 3 L i s t o f t a b l e s .. 4 L i s t o f f i g u r e s .. 5 C h a p t e r I I n t r o d u c t i o n .. 6 C h a p t e r I I R e c o m m e n d e d S t a n d a r d s o n W e i g h t s a n d D i m e n s i o n s o f F r e i g h t R o a d V e h i c l e s a l o n g t h e A s i a n H i g h w a y N e t w o r k .. 7 I I . 1 . R e v i e w o n e x i s t i n g s t a n d a r d s .. 7 I I . 1 . 1 . Mi n i m u m v a l u e .. 12 A d v a n t a g e s .. 12 D i s a d v a n t a g e s .. 12 I s s u e s .. 13 I I . 1 . 2 . Ma x i m u m v a l u e .. 13 A d v a n ta g e s .. 13 D i s a d v a n t a g e s .. 13 I s s u e s .. 13 I I . 1 . 3 . Mode .. 14 A d v a n t a g e s .. 14 D i s a d v a n t a g e s .. 14 I s s u e s .. 14 I I.

2 2 . Re c o m m e n d e d s t a n d a r d s o n w e i g h t s a n d d i m e n s i o n s .. 21 I I . 2 . 1 . Pr i n c i p l e s .. 21 I I . 2 . 2 . Re c o m m e n d e d S t a n d a r d s .. 24 Re c o m m e n d e d S t a n d a r d s o n Di m e n s i o n s .. 24 Re c o m m e n d e d S t a n d a r d s o n We i g h t s .. 25 C h a p t e r I I I R e c o m m e n d e d S t a n d a r d s o n Em i s s i o n s o f F r e ig h t R o a d V e h i c l e s a l o n g t h e As i a n H i g h w a y N e t w o r k .. 30 I I I . 1 . R e v i e w o n e x i s t i n g s t a n d a r d s .. 30 I I I . 2 . Re c o m m e n d e d s t a n d a r d o n em i s s i o n s .. 31 A n n e x I. S t a n d a r d s o n e m i s s i o n o f g a s e o u s a n d p a r t i c u l a t e p o l l u t a n t s f r o m h e a vy-d u t y c o m m e r c i a l v e h i c l e i n t h e c o u n t r i e s a l o n g t h e As i a n H i g h w a y n e t w o r k a n d Eur o p e a n Un i o n.

3 37 C h i n a .. 37 1 . I m p l e m e n t a t i o n S c h e d u l e .. 37 2 . C h i n a III-V E m i s s i o n S t a n d a r d s .. 37 3 . S u p p l e m e n t a l C h i n a IV-V R e q u i r e m e n t s .. 38 4 . C h i n a VI E m i s s i o n S t a n d a r d s .. 38 5 . E m i s s i o n D u r a b i l i t y .. 38 I n d i a .. 39 J a p a n .. 39 R e p u b l i c o f K o r e a .. 40 R u s s i a n F e d e r a t i o 40 T u r k e y .. 40 EU .. 41 R e f e r e n c e s .. 42 3 LIST OF abbreviations AFAGIT ASEAN Framework Agreement on the Facilitation of Goods in Transit AH Asian Highway EAEU Eurasian Economic Union ECE (United Nations) Economic and Social Commission for Europe ESC European steady state cycle ESCAP (United Nations) Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific ETC European Transient Cycle EU European Union GTR Global Technical Regulations GVW Gross Vehicle Weight HSU Hartridge Smoke Units IRU International Road Union OECD Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development USA United States of America WHSC Worldwide harmonized steady state driving cycle WHTC Worldwide harmonized transient driving cycle UN I T S cm centimetre ft foot g gram kg kilograms km/h kilometre per hour kN kilonewtons kWh kilowatt hour m metre mg milligram mm millimetre ppm parts-per-million, 10 6 4 LIST O F T AB L ES T a b l e 1 M a x i m u m p e r m i s s i b l e w e i g h t s o f a f r e i g h t r oa d v e h i c l e i n t h e AH m e m b e r c o u n t r i e s.

4 8 T a b l e 2 M a x i m u m p e r m i s s i b l e d i m e n s i o n s o f a f r e i g h t r o a d v e h i c l e i n t h e AH m e m b e r c o u n t r i e s .. 10 T a b l e 3 R e c o m m e n d e d S t a n d a r d s w i t h M i n i m u m V a l u e s .. 12 T a b l e 4 R e c om m e n d e d S t a n d a r d s w i t h M a x i m u m V a l u e s .. 13 T a b l e 5 R e c o m m e n d e d s t a n d a r d s w i t h M o d e .. 14 T a b l e 6 M a x i m u m p e r m i s s i b l e d i m e n s i o n s o f a f r e i g h t r o a d v e h i c l e i n t h e c o u n t r i e s o f t h e A s i a n H i g h w a y n e t w o r k .. 14 T a b l e 7 M a x i m u m p e r m i s s i b l e g r o s s w e i g h t o f a f r e i g h t r o a d v e h i c l e i n t h e c o u n t r i e s o f t h e As i a n H i g h w a y n e t w o r k .. 17 T a b l e 8 M a x i m u m p e r m i s s i b l e w e i g h t p e r s i n g l e a xl e a n d g r o u p a x l e s o f a f r e i g h t r o a d v e h i c l e i n t h e c o u n t r i e s o f t h e As i a n H i g h w a y N e t w o r k.

5 18 T a b l e 9 As i a n H i g h w a y d e s i g n s t a n d a r d s .. 21 T a b l e 1 0 R o a d f r e i g h t t r a n s p o r t o f As i a n H i g h w a y m e m b e r c o u n t r i e s .. 22 T a b l e 1 1 M a x i m u m p e r m i s s i b l e di m e n s i o n s o f a f r e i g h t r o a d v e h i c l e i n s i x c o u n t r i e s w i t h h i g h e s t r o a d f r e i g h t t r a n s p o r t v o l u m e a n d E U .. 22 T a b l e 1 2 M a x i m u m p e r m i s s i b l e w e i g h t s o f a f r e i g h t r o a d v e h i c l e i n s i x c o u n t r i e s w i t h h i g h e s t r o a d f r e i g h t t r a n s p o r t v o l u m e a n d E U .. 23 T a b l e 1 3 R e c o m m e n d e d s t a n d a r d s o n d i m e n s i o n s o f a f r e i g h t r o a d v e h i c l e .. 25 T a b l e 1 4 P e r m i s s i b l e we i g h t s o f a r i g i d v e h i c l e - J a p a n e s e s t a n d a r d.

6 26 T a b l e 1 5 P e r m i s s i b l e w e i g h t s o f a s e m i-t r a i l e r - J a p a n e s e s t a n d a r d .. 27 T a b l e 1 6 P e r m i s s i b l e w e i g h t s o f a f u l l-t r a i l e r - J a p a n e s e s t a n d a r d .. 27 T a b l e 1 7 S t a n d a r d s o n Ax l e L o a d s b y A x l e T y p e , b y C o u n t r y , t o n .. 29 T a b l e 1 8 R e c o m m e n d e d s t a n d a r d s o n w e i g h t s o f a f r e i g h t r o a d v e h i c l e .. 29 T a b l e 1 9 N a t i o n a l s t a n d ar d s o n e m i s s i o n s o f H e a v y-D u t y V e h i c l e s i n As i a n H i g h w a y m e m b e r c o u n t r i e s .. 32 T a b l e 2 0 E m i s s i o n S t a n d a r d s i n 6 C o u n t r i e s w i t h H i g he s t R o a d F r e i g h t V o l u m e .. 35 T a b l e 2 1 E U E m i s s i o n S t a n d a r d s f o r H e a v y-D u t y D i e s e l E n g i n e s : S t e a d y-S t a t e T e s t i n g.

7 36 T a b l e A-1 E m i s s i o n s t a n d a r d s i m p l e m e n t a t i o n d a t e s .. 37 T a b l e A-2 C h i n a III-V e m i s s i o n s t a n d a r d s f o r h e a v y-d u t y e n g i n e s .. 37 T a b l e A-3 B e i j i n g W H T C e m i s s i o n l i m i t s f o r d i e s e l a n d g a s C h i n a IV a n d V e n g i n e s , g / k W h .. 38 T a b l e A-4 N a t i o n a l W H T C e m i s s i o n l i m i t s f o r d i e s e l C h i n a IV a n d V e n g i n e s , g / k W h .. 38 T a b l e A-5 C h i n a IV e m i s s i o n s t a n d a r d s f o r h e a v y-d u t y e n g i n e 38 T a b l e A-6 E m i s s i o n d u r a b i l i t y r e q u i r e m e n t s .. 38 T a b l e A-7 E m i s s i o n s t a n d a r d s f o r h e a v y-d u t y e n g i n e s .. 39 T a b l e A-8 E m i s s i o n S t a n d a r d s f o r d i e s e l e n g i n e s u s e d i n h e a v y c o m m e r c i a l v e h i c l e s G V W > 3 5 0 0 k g ( > 2 5 0 0 k g b e f o r e 2 0 0 5 ).

8 39 T a b l e A-9 E m i s s i o n S t a n d a r d s f o r H e a v y-D u t y D i e s e l E n g i n e s .. 40 T a b l e A-1 0 E m i s s i o n r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r h e a v y-d u t y e n g i n e s .. 40 T a b l e A-1 1 E U E m i s s i o n S t a n d a r d s f o r H e a v y-D u t y D i e s e l E n g i n e s : S t e a d y-S t a t e T e s t i n g .. 41 T a b l e A-1 2 E U E m i s s i o n S t a n d a r d s f o r H e a v y-D u t y D i e s e l a n d G a s E n g i n e s : T r a n s i e n t T e s t i n g .. 41 T a b l e A-1 3 E m i s s i o n D u r a b i l i t y P e r i o d s .. 41 5 LIST O F FIG U RES F i g u r e 1 D i s t r i b u t i o n o f m a x i m u m l e n g t h o f r i g i d t r u c k b y c o u n t r 15 F i g ur e 2 D i s t r i b u t i o n o f m a x i m u m h e i g h t b y c o u n t r y .. 16 F i g u r e 3 D i s t r i b u t i o n o f m a x i m u m w i d t h b y c o u n t r y.

9 16 F i g u r e 4 D i s t r i b u t i o n o f m a x i m u m g r o s s w e i g h t o f a r t i c u l a t e d v e h i c l e b y c o u n t r y .. 18 F i g u r e 5 D i s t r i b u t i o n o f m a x i m u m l o a d p e r s i n g l e a x l e b y c o u n t r y .. 19 F i g u r e 6 D i s t r i b u t i o n o f m a x i m u m l o a d p e r g r o u p a x l e s b y c o u n t r y .. 20 F i g u r e 7 P e r m i s s i b l e g r o s s w e i g h t s b y t r u c k t y p e P a k i s t a n i s t a n d a r d .. 26 F i g u r e 8 I n c r e a s e i n I m p a c t s b y S u p e r p o s i t i o n o f L o a d i n g .. 28 6 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The issue of vehicles weight and dimensions is a complex one in international road transport. Cross-border and transit freight transport by road among many ESCAP member States along the Asian Highway network often range from difficult to non-existing, due to differences in technical and operational STANDARDS including STANDARDS on weights, dimensions and emissions.

10 Differences in national STANDARDS in the design and construction of road infrastructure as well as vehicles permissible weight, dimensions and emissions pose various challenges in international road transport. For example, overloaded/oversized foreign vehicles can cause serious damage to the transport infrastructure such as roads and bridges as the vehicles may not be compatible with the design of road network within the host countries, tunnels height and width and road curve radii etc., and can therefore lead to serious impact on road safety. In addition, countries do have different emission STANDARDS . Often, all these factors act as deterrent for many countries to open their domestic roads for international transport and can be used as reasons to deny access of foreign vehicles to national roads. Even among countries that allow cross-border and transit transport, divergent national vehicle weight STANDARDS also create inefficiency along the logistics chain.