Global Energy Interconnection and the Concept of …

1 1 Dr. Chen Gesong State Grid Corporation of China 17/12/2015 Global Energy Interconnection and Northeast Asia Grid 2 China will propose discussions on estab-lishing Global Energy Interconnection to facilitate efforts to meet the Global power demand with clean and green alternatives . ----Chinese President Xi Jinping Exert the influence of the UN to support and promote the construction of Global Energy Interconnection and support human society s sustainable development. -----UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon 3 1. What is GEI 2. Why we need GEI 3. How to build GEI Part I Global Energy Interconnection GEI Video: GEI 4 GEI= UHV + Smart Grid + Clean Energy 5 UHV - Backbone of GEI 1000kV AC or above 800kV DC or above Advantage: Long distance, High capacity, Low loss DC 1100kV DC 500kV Capacity 12GW 3GW Distance 5000km <1000km Line loss 2% /1000km 8% /1000 km China UHV projects under operation: 3AC + 6 DC transmitted 520 TWh construction: 4AC + 5 DC Overseas UHVDC projects under construction : 2 in Brazil 2 in India 6 Smart Grid projects of SGCC National Wind-PV-Storage Transmission demonstration Project: 500MW wind power 100MW solar power 70MW storage power Zhoushan 200kV 1GW five-end VSC HVDC Project.

2 2100 Smart Substations 310 Million Smart Meters 800 EV Charging Stations 24,000 Charging Poles Zhoushan 200kV five-end VSC HVDC Project Smart Grid Foundation of GEI National Wind-PV-Storage Transmission demonstration Project in North Zhangjiakou High flexibility and adaptability for clean Energy , DG, micro grid Integration of smart equipment, intelligent city, customer interaction 7 Clean Energy Focus of GEI Technology innovation Wind turbine: 8MW; Solar power efficiency: 20-35%. Installed Capacity: 370GW wind power, 190GW solar power in 2014. Cost competitive: China: Wind: $/kWh; Solar: $/kWh. 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 40302010 0 / Onshore Wind Solar Fossil Unit: cents per KWh Comparisons of costs development trends of onshore wind power, Solar power and fossil fuel World Installed power capacity and growth rates of wind and solar, 2000-2014 8 Challenges Two Replacements GEI 9 Energy Security Environment Pollution Climate Change Challenges Acid Rain Areas SO2, NOX 1t fossil=2t CO2 10 Clean Energy replacement replacing fossil fuels with clean Energy like solar and wind power in Energy development side, cutting the emission of CO2 and SO2, NOx, etc.

3 Electricity replacement: replacing consumption of fossil fuels like coal and oil with electricity in Energy consumption side, increasing the Energy efficiency and improving environment conditions. Solutions-Two Replacements 11 Platform for clean Energy replacement: Adapt to the uneven-distribution, randomness of wind and solar power generation; Develop clean Energy in large scale. of clean Energy can meet total demand of the whole world. Platform for electricity replacement Allocate electricity worldwide Provide reliable electricity supply Platform-GEI Allocation of world wind Resource Allocation of world solar resource >1000TW > 100,000TW Gas Power Coal Power Hydropower Wind power Solar Power Nuclear Power Thermal Power Tidal Power Load Grid 12 now 2020 2030 2050 Phase 1: domestic Interconnection Promote national smart grid and Interconnection Promote domestic clean Energy development Phase 2: continental Interconnection Promote continental cross-border interconnections Promote continental clean Energy bases development Phase 3.

4 Intercontinental Interconnection Realize intercontinental grid connection Develop Arctic and equatorial clean Energy Form a Global Energy Interconnection 13 SGCC will build UHV AC/DC hybrid grid By 2020, eastern and western synchronized State Grid By 2025,a unified synchronized State Grid State Grid China Southern Grid (1) Domestic Interconnection -China 14 Asian interconnected power grid Legend Central Asia South Asia Hydropower Wind Power Solar Power Oceania (2)Continental Interconnection Asia Grid Interconnection Asia Grid includes: Northeast Asia Grid, Middle Asia Grid, Southeast Asia Grid, South Asia Grid, Middle east Grid Clean Energy By 2050, 38,000 TWh Distributed 4,500 TWh Centralized 29,000 TWh Arctic and Equatorial 4,700 TWh 15 (3) Global Interconnection 1,200 1,000 800 1,500 2,500 1,000 (Unit: trillion kWh) Unit:TWh Asia North America Africa Europe South America Oceania Region Demand Centralized Generation Distributed Generation From Arctic From Equatorial Asia 38,000 28,900 4,500 1,200 3,500 Europe 9,500 6,300 900 800 1,500 North America 10,200 7,700 1,600 1,000 0 South America 5,100 3,300 800 0 1,000 Africa 9,500 3,500 3,000 0 3,000 Oceania 700 500 300 0 0 Total 73,000 50,000 11,000 3,000 9,000 Power Supply Structure in 2050 (TWh) 16 Promoting clean Energy development, 80% Meeting electricity demand ,73,000 TWh Reducing carbon emission, billion tones CO2 Replacing 24 billion tons of standard coal annually Cutting 67 billion tons of carbon dioxide annually (4) Benefits of GEI Controlling temperature rise within 2 C.

5 The challenges of Energy security, environment pollution and climate change can be solved. Centralized Generation Distributed Generation From Arctic and Equatorial Emission19902050 Power supply structure Energy structure 17 1. Importance of NEAG 2. Roadmap of NEAG 3. Benefits of NEAG Part II Northeast Asia Grid (NEAG) 18 Promoting the construction of GEI. An important part of Asian grid Conjunction for Europe-Asia-North America grid Promoting Arctic wind power development 36%64%Electricity GenerationNortheast Asia 24%76%PopulationNortheast Asia Rest of the world Northeast Asia Rest of the world Rest of the world Northeast Asia Grid Europe 19 Promoting clean Energy development in Northeast Asia Wind Resource in Russia 10,400 TWh/year Hydro Resource in Russia 700 TWh/year Wind Resource in Mongolia 2,500 TWh/year Solar Resource in Mongolia 3,400 TWh/year Wind Resource in China 20,000 TWh/year Solar Resource in China 85,000 TWh/year 20 Promoting regional Energy balance and safety Source : IEA, Energy Balances of OECD Countries 2014; Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries 2014.

6 -600-400-2000200400 ChinaJapanKoreaRussiaMongoliaExport Import Unit: Million tons of oil equivalent Net Import of Energy in 2013 21 Step 3 Step 2 Step 1 Interconnection of China, Russia and Mongolia Interconnection of China, Korean Peninsula and Japan Interconnection of NEAG Principles of constructing NEAG From easiness to hardness From near to distant 22 Energy sending : Wind and solar power in Mongolia Hydropower in Far East and Siberia Wind power in Northeast China Project Voltage Capacity ERKO Zipf, Russia - Bazhou, China 800kV 8GW Irkutsk, Russia Tangshan, China 800kV 8GW Mongolia Jinan, China 800kV 10GW (1) Interconnection of China, Russia and Mongolia Grid 23 (2) Interconnection of China, Korean Peninsula and Japan Grid 500/ 800kV multi-end DC project 4-5-6 Length 1500km, (including submarine cable 400 km); Sending end: Shenyang, Weihai Receiving end Pyongyang, Seoul, Fukuoka Weihai 3GW Pyongyang 1GW Fukuoka 2GW Shenyang 3GW Seoul 3GW 24 Grid Pattern UHV AC/DC backbone grid North-South Electricity transmission West-East Electricity transmission Generation Pattern Coordinated integration of multiple Energy sources Combined utilization of hydro & thermal generation Mutual backup of Wind & Solar power (3) Northeast Asia Grid Irkutsk Mongolia ERKO Zipf Fukuoka Sapporo Bering Strait 25 Strong grid Support Receiving grid for clean Energy from Russia and Mongolia Sending grid for power to Korean Peninsula and Japan Power pool of NEAG Technology Support UHV AC/DC transmission Controlling of large scale grid VSC-HVDC FACTs Equipment & Production Support UHV AC/DC equipment 50% of Global wind turbine production capacity (28GW) 51% of Global solar cell production capacity(40GW) (4)

7 Role of China Grid 26 3D benefits Time Zone Difference Seasonal Difference Price Difference Seasonal difference in Northeast Asia Time zone difference in Northeast Asia Price difference in Northeast Asia ratio Price on average Dollars/kWh RATIO ChinaJapanKoreaRussiaMongoliaWinter Spring summer Autumn 27 Sufficient Energy supply for Northeast Asia Energy Benefit Economic Benefit Social Benefit Environment Benefit Reduce system reserve, Investment in generation and grid, Boost economy Integrate clean Energy Reduce SO2, NOX, CO2 emission Economic integration Political mutual trust Peoples interaction 28 Conclusion GEI is a feasible solution to challenges of Energy security, environment pollution and climate change of the world. NEAG, acting as a pioneer project of GEI, will solve the Energy problems in Northeast Asia. SGCC will jointly promote the construction of GEI and NEAG.

8 Video: GEI 29 Thank you!