Refrigeration Manual - Emerson Electric

1 Refrigeration Manual Part 5 - Installation and Service 1970 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. This is the fifth and last of a series of publications comprising the Emerson Climate Tech- nologies, Inc. Refrigeration Manual . Part 1 Fundamentals of Refrigeration Part 2 Refrigeration System Components Part 3 The Refrigeration Load Part 4 System Design Part 5 Installation and Service The installation and service information is intended as a guide to good installation practice, and as an aid in analyzing system malfunctions. The section on service fundamentals is designed to serve as an introduction to various service procedures for beginning service men, students, salesmen, and others, needing a basic understanding of service tech- niques.

2 1970 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. PART 5. INSTALLATION AND SERVICE. Section 24. INSTALLATION Section 26. FUNDAMENTALS OF SERVICE. OPERATION. Recommended Installation Contaminants ..26-1. Fundamentals of Evacuation and Handling of Refrigerant Containers ..26-1. Dehydration ..24-6 Safe Handling of Compressed Gases Brazing Connections on Welded When Testing or Cleaning Motor Compressors ..24-11 Refrigeration Installation of Suction and Discharge Handling Copper Tubing ..26-6. Line Vibration Absorbers ..24-12 Brazing Refrigerant Lines ..26-6. Typical Installation Specifications.

3 24-13 Service Valves ..26-8. The Gauge Manifold ..26-9. Section 25. SERVICING COPELAND Purging Non-Condensables ..26-10. BRAND COMPRESSORS System Refrigerant Leaks ..26-11. Nameplate Identification ..25-1 Evacuation ..26-13. Identification of Port Locations in Charging Refrigerant into a System ..26-14. Heads of Copelametic Removing Refrigerant from a System ..26-17. Motor-Compressors ..25-5 Handling Refrigeration Oil ..26-18. Identification of Motor Terminals on Determining the Oil Level ..26-18. Single Phase Compressors ..25-5 Adding Oil to a Compressor ..26-19. Proper Valve Plate and Head Gaskets Removing Oil from a Compressor.

4 26-20. for 3, 4, and 6 Cylinder Handling Compressor Burnouts What to Do ..26-21. Copeland Brand Oil Pumps ..25-10 Compressor Failures That Could Typical Copelametic Compressor Have Been Prevented ..26-24. Construction ..25-20 Preventive Maintenance ..26-29. Maintenance Accessibility on Copelametic Compressors ..25-20 Section 27. USEFUL ENGINEERING DATA. Field Troubleshooting ..25-23. 1970 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. INDEX OF TABLES. Table 49 Boiling Point of Water at Varying Pressures ..24-8. Table 50 Comparison of Gauge and Absolute Pressures at Varying Altitudes.

5 24-8. Table 51 Melting Points of Typical Commercial Brazing Compounds ..24-12. Table 52 Service Diagnosis Chart ..25-29. Table 53 Temperature Scales ..27-1. Table 54 International Rating Conditions ..27-1. Table 55 Thermal Units ..27-2. Table 56 Fahrenheit Centigrade Temperature Conversion Chart ..27-3. Table 57 Properties of Saturated Steam ..27-4. Table 58 Decimal Equivalents, Areas, and Circumferences of Table 59 Conversion Table Inches into Millimeters ..27-6. Table 60 Conversion Table Decimals of an Inch into Millimeters ..27-7. Table 61 Conversion Table Millimeters into Inches ..27-7. Table 62 Conversion Table Hundredths of Millimeter into Inches.

6 27-9. Table 63 Metric Prefixes ..27-9. Table 64 Length ..27-10. Table 65 Area ..27-10. Table 66 Weight, Avoirdupois ..27-10. Table 67 Volume, Dry ..27-11. Table 68 Volume, Liquid ..27-11. Table 69 Density ..27-11. Table 70 Pressure ..27-11. Table 71 Velocity ..27-12. Table 72 Heat, Energy, Table 73 Solid and Liquid Expendable Refrigerants ..27-12. 1970 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. SECTION 24. INSTALLATION. RECOMMENDED INSTALLATION Handling and Receiving of Equipment PROCEDURES. Responsibility should be assigned to a dependable It is quite probable that a majority of operating individual at the job site to receive material.

7 Each failures on field installed systems can be traced shipment should be carefully checked against the to careless or inadequate installation procedures. bill of lading. The shipping receipt should not be The following instructions have been prepared to signed until all items listed on the bill of lading have help the installation and/or service engineer sys- been accounted for. tematically cover the many points which must be considered to provide each installation with trouble Check carefully for concealed damage. Any short- free performance. age or damages should be reported to the delivering carrier.

8 Damaged material becomes the delivering These instructions are general in nature, and have carrier's responsibility, and should not be returned been primarily for field installed and connected sys- to the manufacturer unless prior approval is given tems normally utilizing compressors 2 horsepower to do so. in size or larger. However, the procedures can be applied to almost any type of field installed system, When uncrating, care should be taken to prevent utilizing only those procedures which apply to the damage. Heavy equipment should be left on its specific installation. shipping base until it has been moved to the final location.

9 Design and Application The packing list included with each shipment should A location for the compressor should be selected be carefully checked to determine if all parts and which provides good ventilation, even when re- equipment have been received. Any accessories mote condensers are to be used, since the motor- such as starters, contactors or controls should be compressor and discharge lines give off heat. Air fastened to the basic unit to avoid loss and prevent cooled compressors must be provided with forced possible interchanging with other units. convection air cooling. Installation, Electrical Air cooled condensers must be located to insure adequate air for condensing purposes.

10 Care must The supply power, voltage, frequency, and phase be taken to avoid recirculation of air from one con- must coincide with the compressor nameplate. denser to another. All wiring should be carefully checked against the manufacturer's diagrams. Field wiring must be Water cooled units must be provided with an ad- connected in accordance with the National Electric equate supply of water to maintain desired condens- Code, or other local codes that may apply. ing temperatures. In order to avoid concentration of impurities, fungus, and scaling in cooling towers Check to insure proper: and evaporative condensers, a continuous waste bleed to a drain of approximately 2 gallons per (a) Wire Sizes to handle the connected load.