REVISEDTREATY

1 ECONOMICCOMMUNITYOFWESTAFRICANSTATES(ECO WAS)REVISEDTREATYECONOMICCOMMUNITYOFWEST AFRICANSTATES(ECOWAS)REVISEDTREATYECOWAS COMMISSIONABUJA,NIGERIAECOWASREVISEDTREA TYP ublished By ECOWASC ommission,AbujaPrinted(1993)Reprint(2010 )EconomicCommunityofWestAfricanStates(EC OWAS)101 YakubuGowon Crescent,Asokoro, ,Abuja,NIGERIAW ebsites: (Article1)3 CHAPTERHE stablishment, Composition, Aims and Objectivesand Fundamental Principles of the Community(Articles 2-5)4 CHAPTERHII nstitutions of the Community-Establishment,Composition andFunctions(Articles6 -24)8 CHAPTERIVCo-operationin Food and Agriculture(Article 25)16 CHAPTERVCo-operationin Industry, Science and Technology and Energy(Articles26-28)17 CHAPTERVICo-operation in Environment and Natural Resources(Articles29 - 31)21 CHAPTERVIICo-operation in Transport, Communications and Tourism(Articles 32 - 34)22 CHAPTERVHICo-operationin Trade, Customs, Taxation, Statistics, Moneyand Payments(Articles 35 -53)25 CHAPTERIXE stablishmentandCompletionofanEconomicand Monetary Union(Articles 54 - 55)

2 34 CHAPTERXCo-operationinPolitical,Judicial and Legal Affairs,Regional Security and Immigration(Articles 56 - 59)35 ECOWASREVISEDTREATYCHAPTERXICo-operation inHumanResources,Information,SocialandCu lturalAffairs(Articles60-66)37 CHAPTERXIICo-operationinotherAreas(Artic le67)40 CHAPTERXIHLand-lockedand IslandMemberStates(Article68)41 CHAPTERXIVF inancialProvisions(Articles69- 75)41 CHAPTERXVD isputes(Article 76)43 CHAPTERXVIS anctions(Article 77)43 CHAPTERXVHR elationsbetweentheCommunityand the AfricanEconomic Community(Article78)44 CHAPTERXVfflRelationsbetweentheCommunity andotherRegionalEconomic Communities(Article79)44 CHAPTERXIXR elationsbetweentheExecutiveSecretariatan dtheSpecialisedInstitutionsoftheCommunit y(Articles80 - 82)45 CHAPTERXXR elationsbetweentheCommunityand ThirdCountriesandInternationalOrganisati ons(Article83)46 CHAPTERXXIR elationsbetween Member States, Non -Member States,RegionalOrganisationsandInternati onalOrganisations(Articles 84 - 85)46 CHAPTERXXnGeneral and FinalProvisions(Articles86 - 93)47 IVECOWASREVISEDTREATYREVISEDTREATYOFTHEE CONOMICCOMMUNITYOFWESTAFRICANSTATES(ECOW AS)PREAMBLEWe,theHeadsofStateandGovernme ntoftheMemberStatesoftheEconomicCommunit yofWestAfricanStates (ECOWAS);ThePresidentof the Republic of BENIN;ThePresidentofBURKINAFASO;ThePrime MinisteroftheRepublicofCAPEVERDE;ThePres identoftheRepublicofCOTEDTVOIRE;ThePresi dentof theRepublicof TheGAMBIA;ThePresidentoftheRepublicofGHA NA;ThePresidentof the Republic of GUINEA;The President of the Republic of GUINEA BISSAU.

3 The President of the Interim Government of National Unity of the Republic of LIBERIA;ThePresidentof the Republic of MALI;The President of the Islamic Republic of MAURITANIA;ThePresidentof the Republic of NIGER;The President of the Federal Republic of NIGERIA;The President of the Republic of SENEGAL;The Head of State and Chairman of the National Provisional Ruling Council of theRepublic of SIERRA LEONE; 28 May,1975andconsideringitsachievements;CO NSCIOUS oftheover-ridingneedtoencourage,fosteran dacceleratetheeconomicandsocialdevelopme ntofourStatesinordertoimprovethelivingst andardsof ourpeoples;CONVINCED thatthepromotionofharmoniouseconomicdeve lopmentof ourStatescallsforeffectiveeconomicco-ope rationandintegrationlargelythroughadeter minedandconcertedpolicy ofself-reliance;BEARING IN MIND the AfricanCharteron Human andPeople'sRights and theDeclarationofPoliticalPrinciplesof theEconomicCommunityofWestAfricanStatesa doptedinAbujabytheFourteenthOrdinarySess ionoftheAuthorityofHeadsofStateandGovern menton 6 July,1991;ECOWASREVISEDTREATYCONVINCED that the integrationof the Member States into a viable regional Communitymay demand the partial and gradual pooling of nationalsovereigntiesto theCommunitywithin thecontextofa collectivepolitical will;ACCEPTINGthe need toestablishCommunityInstitutionsvestedwi threlevantandadequatepowers;NOTING that the presentbilateralandmultilateralforms of economicco-operationwithin the region open upperspectivesfor more extensive co-operation.

4 ACCEPTING the need to face together the political, economic andsocio-culturalchallengesof thepresentandthefuture,andtopooltogether theresourcesof ourpeopleswhilerespectingourdiversitiesf orthemostrapidandoptimumexpansionofthere gion'sproductive capacity;BEARINGINMINDALSOtheLagosPlanof ActionandtheFinalActofLagosofApril1980st ipulatingtheestablishment,by the year2000,of anAfricanEconomicCommunitybasedonexistin gandfutureregionaleconomiccommunities;MI NDFULOFtheTreatyestablishingtheAfricanEc onomicCommunitysignedinAbujaon 3 June,1991;AFFIRMING thatourfinalgoalistheacceleratedandsusta inedeconomicdevelopmentofMemberStates,cu lminatingintheeconomicunionofWestAfrica; ,1990relatingtotheestablishmentofaCommit teeofEminentPersonstosubmitproposalsfort hereviewofthe treaty ;AWARE thatthereviewoftheTreatyarises,interalia ,fromtheneedfortheCommunitytoadapttothec hangesontheinternationalsceneinordertode rivegreaterbenefitsfromthose changes;CONSIDERINGALSO theneedtomodifytheCommunity'sstrategiesi nordertoacceleratetheeconomicintegration processintheregion;ACCEPTING theneedtosharethebenefitsofeconomicco-op erationandintegrationamong MemberStates in a just andequitablemanner;HAVEDECIDED torevisetheTreatyof28 May,1975establishingtheEconomicCommunity ofWestAfricanStates(ECOWAS)andhaveaccord inglyagreedasfollows:ECOWASREVISEDTREATY CHAPTER1 DEFINITIONSARTICLE1 For the purpose of this treaty ,"ArbitrationTribunal"means theArbitrationTribunal of theCommunityestablishedunderArticle16oft hisTreaty.

5 "Authority"meanstheAuthorityofHeadsofSta teandGovernmentof theCommunityestablishedby Article 7 of this treaty ;"Chairmanof theAuthority"meansthecurrentChairmanof theAuthorityof Heads ofState andGovernmentof theCommunity,electedin accordancewith ;"Council" means the Council of Ministers of the Community established under Article10ofthisTreaty;"Commission"meanst heSpecialisedTechnicalCommissionestablis hedunderArticle22ofthisTreaty;"Community "meanstheEconomicCommunityofWestAfricanS tatesreferredtounderArticle2ofthisTreaty ;"Communitycitizenorcitizens"meansanynat ional(s)ofMemberStateswhosatisfythecondi tionsstipulatedintheProtocoldefiningComm unitycitizenship;"Court of Justice" means the Court of Justiceof theCommunityestablishedunderArticle15oft hisTreaty;"ImportDuties"meanscustomsduti esandtaxesofequivalenteffect,leviedongoo dsby virtue of their importation;"ExecutiveSecretary"meansthe ExecutiveSecretaryappointedinaccordancew iththeprovisionsof Article18of thisTreaty;"Economic and Social Council" means the Economic and Social Council establishedunderArticle14ofthisTreaty;"E xecutive Secretariat" means the Executive Secretariat established under Article17ofthisTreaty;ECOWASREVISEDTREAT Y"Export Duties" means all customs duties and taxes of equivalent effect levied ongoods by virtue of their exportation;"Fund"meansthe FundforCo-operation,CompensationandDevel opmentestablishedunder Article21of this treaty ;"MemberState"of"MemberStates"mean s aMemberState orMemberStatesoftheCommunityasdefinedinP aragraph2 ofArticle2 of thisTreaty.

6 "Non-TariffBarriers"meansbarrierswhichha mpertradeandwhicharecausedbyobstaclesoth erthan fiscalobstacles;"Parliament of the Community" means the Parliament established under Article13ofthis treaty ;"Protocol"meansaninstrumentofimpl ementationoftheTreatyhavingthesamelegalf orce as the latter;"Region" (XXVI)of the OAUC ouncilofMinisters;"StatutoryAppointees"i ncludestheExecutiveSecretary,DeputyExecu tiveSecretaries,ManagingDirectoroftheFun d,DeputyManagingDirectoroftheFund,Financ ialControllerand anyotherseniorofficeroftheCommunitydesig natedassuchbytheAuthorityorCouncil;"Thir dCountry"meansanyStateotherthanaMemberSt ate;' treaty " ,COMPOSITION,AIMSANDOBJECTIVESANDFUNDAME NTALPRINCIPLESOFTHECOMMUNITYARTICLE2 ESTABLISHMENTANDCOMPOSITIONTHEHIGHCONTRA CTINGPARTIES,bythisTreaty,herebyre-affir mtheestablishmentoftheEconomicCommunityo fWestAfricanStates(ECOWAS)

7 Anddecidethatitshallultimatelybethesolee conomiccommunityintheregionforthepurpose ofeconomicintegrationandtherealisationof theobjectivesofthe African ,hereinafterreferredto as"theMemberStates,"shall be theStatesthat ratify this aims of the Community are to promoteco-operationandintegration,leadin gtotheestablishmentofaneconomicunioninWe stAfricainordertoraisetheliving standards of its peoples, and to maintain andenhanceeconomicstability,fosterrelati ons-amongMemberStatesandcontributeto aims set out in theparagraphabove,and inaccordancewith the relevant provisions of this treaty , the Community shall, by stages, ensure;a)the harmonisation and co-ordination of national policies and the promotionof integration programmes, projects and activities, particularly in food,agricultureand natural resources,industry,transport and communications,energy, trade, money and finance, taxation, economic reform policies,humanresources,education,inform ation,culture,science,technology,service s,health,tourism,legalmatters;b)the harmonisation and co-ordination of policies for the protection of theenvironment;c)the promotionof theestablishmentof joint productionenterprises;d)theestablishment ofa commonmarketthrough.

8 I)the liberalisation of trade by the abolition, amongMemberStates,of customs duties levied on imports and exports, and the abolition,among MemberStates,of non-tariffbarriers in order to establish afree trade area at theCommunitylevel;ii)the adoptionof a commonexternaltariffand a common trade policyvis-a-visthirdcountries;iii)the removal, betweenMemberStates, ofobstaclesto the freemovement of persons, goods, services and capital, and to the rightofresidenceandestablishment;e)thees tablishmentof aneconomicunionthroughtheadoptionofcommo npolicies in the economic,financial,social and cultural sectors, and )thepromotionofjointventuresbyprivatesec torenterprisesandothereconomicoperators, inparticularthroughtheadoptionofa regionalagreementoncross-borderinvestmen ts;g)theadoptionofmeasuresfor theintegrationoftheprivatesectors,partic ularlythe creationofanenablingenvironmenttopromote small andmediumscaleenterprises;h)theestablish mentofanenablinglegalenvironment;i)the harmonisation of national investment codes leading to the adoption ofa singleCommunityinvestmentcode;j)theharmo nisationof standards andmeasures;k)the promotion of balanced development of the region, paying attention tothe special problems of each Member State particularly those of landlockedandsmallislandMemberStates;1)t heencouragementandstrengtheningof relations and the promotion of theflowofinformationparticularlyamongrur alpopulations,womenandyouthorganisations andsocio-professionalorganisationssuch asassociationsofthemedia,businessmen andwomen,workers,andtradeunions.

9 M)the adoption of a Community population policy which takes into accountthe need for a balance between demographic factors and socio-economicdevelopment;n)theestablish mentof a fund forco-operation,compensationanddevelopme nt;ando)any other activity that Member States may decide toundertakejointlywith a view to attaining Community HIGH CONTRACTINGPARTIES,in pursuit of the objectives stated in Article 3of thisTreaty,solemnly affirm and declare their adherence to the following principles:a)equalityandinter-dependence ofMemberStates;b)solidarityandcollective self-reliance;c)inter-Stateco-operation, harmonisationof policiesand integrationof programmes;ECOWASREVISEDTREATYd)non-aggr ession between Member States;e)maintenanceof regional peace, stability and security through the promotion andstrengtheningofgoodneighbourliness;f) peaceful settlement of disputes among Member States,activeco-operation betweenneighbouring countries and promotion of a peacefulenvironmentas a prerequisitefor economic development;g)recognition,promotionandpr otectionof humanand peoples' rights in accordancewith the provisions of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights;h)accountability, economic and social justice and popularparticipationindevelopment;i)reco gnitionandobservanceof therulesandprinciplesof theCommunity;j)promotionandconsolidation ofademocraticsystemofgovernanceineachMem berStateasenvisagedbytheDeclarationofPol iticalPrinciplesadoptedinAbujaon6 July, 1991; andk)equitableandjustdistributionoftheco stsandb