SAS 9.3 Macro Language Reference

1 SAS Macro LanguageReferenceSAS DocumentationThe correct bibliographic citation for this manual is as follows: SAS Institute Inc. 2011. SAS Macro Language : Reference . Cary, NC: SASI nstitute Macro Language : ReferenceCopyright 2011, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USAISBN 978-1-60764-894-9 All rights reserved. Produced in the United States of a hardcopy book: No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, SAS Institute a Web download or e-book.

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4 Indicates USA brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective This Book .. viiWhat's New in the SAS Macro Language Facility .. ixRecommended Reading .. xiPART 1 Understanding and Using the Macro Facility1 Chapter 1 Introduction to the Macro Facility .. 3 Getting Started with the Macro Facility .. 3 Replacing Text Strings Using Macro Variables .. 4 Generating SAS Code Using Macros .. 5 More Advanced Macro Techniques .. 9 Other Features of the Macro Language .. 10 Chapter 2 SAS Programs and Macro Processing.

5 11 SAS Programs and Macro Processing .. 11 How SAS Processes Statements without Macro Activity .. 12 How SAS Processes Statements with Macro Activity .. 14 Chapter 3 Macro Variables .. 19 Macro Variables .. 19 Macro Variables Defined by the Macro Processor .. 20 Macro Variables Defined by Users .. 23 Using Macro Variables .. 27 Displaying Macro Variable Values .. 29 Referencing Macro Variables Indirectly .. 30 Manipulating Macro Variable Values with Macro Functions .. 32 Chapter 4 Macro Processing .. 33 Macro Processing.

6 33 Defining and Calling Macros .. 33 How the Macro Processor Compiles a Macro Definition .. 34 How the Macro Processor Executes a Compiled Macro .. 36 Summary of Macro Processing .. 41 Chapter 5 Scopes of Macro Variables .. 43 Scopes of Macro Variables .. 43 Global Macro Variables .. 44 Local Macro Variables .. 46 Writing the Contents of Symbol Tables to the SAS Log .. 48 How Macro Variables Are Assigned and Resolved .. 49 Examples of Macro Variable Scopes .. 52 Special Cases of Scope with the CALL SYMPUT Routine.

7 63 Chapter 6 Macro Expressions .. 71 Macro Expressions .. 71 Defining Arithmetic and Logical Expressions .. 72 How the Macro Processor Evaluates Arithmetic Expressions .. 74 How the Macro Processor Evaluates Logical Expressions .. 76 Chapter 7 Macro Quoting .. 79 Macro Quoting .. 80 Deciding When to Use a Macro Quoting Function and Which Function to Use .. 83%STR and %NRSTR Functions .. 85%BQUOTE and %NRBQUOTE Functions .. 89 Referring to Already Quoted Variables .. 90 Deciding How Much Text to Mask with a Macro Quoting Function.

8 91%SUPERQ Function .. 91 Summary of Macro Quoting Functions and the Characters that They Mask .. 94 Unquoting Text .. 95 How Macro Quoting Works .. 97 Other Functions That Perform Macro Quoting .. 98 Chapter 8 Interfaces with the Macro Facility .. 101 Interfaces with the Macro Facility .. 101 DATA Step Interfaces .. 102 Using SAS Language Functions in the DATA Step and Macro Facility .. 105 Interfaces with the SQL Procedure .. 106 Interfaces with the SAS Component Language .. 107 SAS/CONNECT Interfaces.

9 110 Chapter 9 Storing and Reusing Macros .. 113 Storing and Reusing Macros .. 113 Saving Macros in an Autocall Library .. 114 Saving Macros Using the Stored Compiled Macro Facility .. 117 Chapter 10 Macro Facility Error Messages and Debugging .. 119 General Macro Debugging Information .. 120 Troubleshooting Your Macros .. 121 Debugging Techniques .. 134 Chapter 11 Writing Efficient and Portable Macros .. 141 Writing Efficient and Portable Macros .. 141 Keeping Efficiency in Perspective .. 142 Writing Efficient Macros.

10 142 Writing Portable Macros .. 148 Chapter 12 Macro Language Elements .. 155 Macro Language Elements .. 155 Macro Statements .. 156 Macro Functions .. 158 Automatic Macro Variables .. 164 Interfaces with the Macro Facility .. 167 Selected Autocall Macros Provided with SAS Software .. 168 Selected System Options Used in the Macro Facility .. 170 PART 2 Macro Language Dictionary173 Chapter 13 AutoCall Macros .. 175 AutoCall Macros .. 175 Dictionary .. 175ivContentsChapter 14 Automatic Macro Variables.