SIXTH EDITION - Pearson

1 PROGRAMMING THE W ORLD W IDE W EB SIXTH EDITION ROBERT W. SEBESTA University of Colorado at Colorado SpringsAddison-WesleyBoston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Page iii Tuesday, February 2, 2010 4:31 PM The interior of this book was composed in FrameMaker , JansonText, Courier10 PitchBTCopyright 2011, 2010, 2008, 2006, 2003, 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.

2 , publishing as Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, 501 Boylston Street, Suite 900, Boston, Massachusetts of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks.

3 Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sebesta, Robert W. Programming the World Wide Web, 2010 / Robert W. Sebesta. -- 6th ed. p. cm. Previous eds. under title: Programming the World Wide Web. ISBN 978-0-13-213081-3 1. Internet programming. 2. World Wide Web. I. Sebesta, Robert W. Programming the World Wide Web. II. Title.

4 2010b '6--dc22 200905385510987654321 CRS 14 13 12 11 10 ISBN-10: 0-13-213081-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-13-213081-3 Editor in Chief: Michael HirschAcquisitions Editor: Matt GoldsteinEditorial Assistant: Chelsea BellManaging Editor: Jeffrey HolcombSenior Production Project Manager: Marilyn LloydMedia Producer: Katelyn BollerDirector of Marketing: Margaret WaplesMarketing Coordinator: Kathryn FerrantiSenior Manufacturing Buyer: Carol MelvilleText Designer: Gillian Hall/The Aardvark GroupCover Designer: Elena SidorovaCover Image: Andrew Parkinson/Getty Images Project Management: Dennis Free/Aptara , Service Vendor: Aptara, and Cover Printer: Courier Stoughton Page iv Tuesday, February 2, 2010 4:31 PM To Aidan Page v Tuesday, February 2, 2010 4:31 PM Page vi Tuesday, February 2, 2010 4.

5 31 PM vii Brief Contents 1 Fundamentals 1 2 Introduction to XHTML 35 3 Cascading Style Sheets 91 4 The Basics of JavaScript 129 5 JavaScript and XHTML Documents 185 6 Dynamic Documents with JavaScript 227 7 Introduction to XML 265 8 Introduction to Flash 311 9 Introduction to PHP 353 10 Introduction to Ajax 401 11 Java Web Software 431 12 Introduction to 495 13 Database Access through the Web 559 Page vii Tuesday, February 2, 2010 4:05 PM viii Brief Contents 14 Introduction to Ruby 601 15 Introduction to Rails 645 Appendix A Introduction to Java 687 Appendix B Named Colors 703 Appendix C Java Applets 707 Index 735 Page viii Tuesday, February 2, 2010 4.

6 05 PM ix Contents Prefacexiii 1 Fundamentals A Brief Introduction to the Internet The World Wide Web Web Browsers Web Servers Uniform Resource Locators Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions The Hypertext Transfer Protocol Security The Web Programmer s Toolbox 20 Summary 28 Review Questions 30 Exercises 32 2 Introduction to XHTML Origins and Evolution of HTML and XHTML Basic Syntax Standard XHTML Document Structure Basic Text Markup Images Hypertext Links Lists Tables Forms Syntactic Differences between HTML and XHTML 84 Summary 85 Review Questions 86 Exercises 88 Page ix Tuesday, February 2, 2010 4.

7 05 PM x Contents 3 Cascading Style Sheets Introduction Levels of Style Sheets Style Specification Formats Selector Forms Property Value Forms Font Properties List Properties Color Alignment of Text The Box Model Background Images The <span> and <div> Tags Conflict Resolution 122 Summary 124 Review Questions 126 Exercises 127 4 The Basics of JavaScript Overview of JavaScript Object Orientation and JavaScript General Syntactic Characteristics Primitives, Operations, and Expressions Screen Output and Keyboard Input Control Statements Object Creation and Modification Arrays Functions An Example Constructors Pattern Matching Using Regular Expressions Another Example Errors in Scripts 177 Summary 179 Review Questions 181 Exercises 183 Page x Tuesday, February 2, 2010 4.

8 05 PM Contents xi 5 JavaScript and XHTML Documents The JavaScript Execution Environment The Document Object Model Element Access in JavaScript Events and Event Handling Handling Events from Body Elements Handling Events from Button Elements Handling Events from Text Box and Password Elements The DOM 2 Event Model The navigator Object DOM Tree Traversal and Modification 221 Summary 222 Review Questions 223 Exercises 224 6 Dynamic Documents with JavaScript Introduction Positioning Elements Moving Elements Element Visibility Changing Colors and Fonts Dynamic Content Stacking Elements Locating the Mouse Cursor Reacting to a Mouse Click Slow Movement of Elements Dragging and Dropping Elements 256 Summary 261 Review Questions 262 Exercises 262 7 Introduction to XML Introduction The Syntax of XML XML Document Structure Document Type Definitions

9 272 Page xi Tuesday, February 2, 2010 4:05 PM xii Contents Namespaces XML Schemas Displaying Raw XML Documents Displaying XML Documents with CSS XSLT Style Sheets XML Processors Web Services 304 Summary 305 Review Questions 307 Exercises 309 8 Introduction to Flash Origins and Uses of Flash A First Look at the Flash Authoring Environment Drawing Tools Static Graphics Animation and Sound User Interactions 343 Summary 348 Review Questions 350 Exercises 351 9

10 Introduction to PHP Origins and Uses of PHP Overview of PHP General Syntactic Characteristics Primitives, Operations, and Expressions Output Control Statements Arrays Functions Pattern Matching Form Handling Files Cookies Session Tracking 394 Summary 394 Review Questions 396 Exercises 398 Page xii Tuesday, February 2, 2010 4:05 PM Contents xiii 10 Introduction to Overview of Ajax The Basics of Ajax Return Document Forms Ajax Toolkits Security and Ajax 427 Summary428 Review Questions429 Exercises43011 Java Web Introduction to Servlets The NetBeans Integrated Development Environment A Survey Example Storing Information on Clients JavaServer Pages JavaBeans Model-View-Controller Application Architecture JavaServer Faces 480 Summary489 Review