Supplementary Survey of Products on the Danish Market ...

1 Supplementary Survey of Products on the Danish Market containing nanomaterials Part of the Better control of nano initiative 2012-2015 Environmental Project No. 1581, 2014 2 Supplementary Survey of Products on the Danish Market containing nanomaterials Title: Supplementary Survey of Products on the Danish Market containing nanomaterials Editing: Kathe T nning, Gitte S rensen, Christian Holst Fischer, Henrik Vejen Kristensen Danish Technological Institute Published by: The Danish Environmental Protection Agency Strandgade 29 1401 Copenhagen K Denmark Year: 2014 ISBN no. 978-87-93178-66-3 Disclaimer: When the occasion arises, the Danish Environmental Protection Agency will publish reports and papers concerning research and development projects within the environmental sector, financed by study grants provided by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency.

2 It should be noted that such publications do not necessarily reflect the position or opinion of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. However, publication does indicate that, in the opinion of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency, the content represents an important contribution to the debate surrounding Danish environmental policy. Sources must be acknowledged. Supplementary Survey of Products on the Danish Market containing nanomaterials 3 Contents Foreword .. 5 6 Sammenfatning .. 11 1. Introduction to the Survey .. 16 Objective of the Survey .. 16 Delimitation .. 16 Survey methods .. 16 Structure of the report .. 17 2. Nanoproducts and nanomaterials .. 18 The nanomaterial definition applied in the Survey .

3 18 The nanoproduct definition applied in the Survey .. 19 3. food and Feed .. 20 Identified Danish prevalence of nanomaterials in food and feed .. 20 Literature Survey on nanomaterials in food and feed .. 23 Use and user groups .. 25 Future trends .. 26 4. food Contact Materials .. 28 Identified Danish prevalence of nanomaterials in food contact 28 Literature Survey on nanomaterials in food contact materials .. 29 Use and user groups .. 31 Future trends .. 32 5. Cosmetics .. 34 Identified Danish prevalence of nanomaterials in cosmetics .. 34 Literature Survey on nanomaterials in cosmetic product types .. 36 Use and user groups .. 38 Future trends .. 39 6.

4 Pesticides .. 41 Future potential use of nanomaterials in pesticides .. 41 Use and user groups .. 42 7. Medical Devices .. 44 Identified Danish prevalence of nanomaterials in medical devices .. 44 Literature Survey on nanomaterials in medical devices .. 46 Use and user groups .. 47 Future trends .. 48 8. Water Treatment .. 50 Identified Danish prevalence of nanomaterials in water treatment .. 50 Literature Survey on nanomaterials in water treatment .. 50 Use and user groups ..55 Future trends .. 56 References .. 57 4 Supplementary Survey of Products on the Danish Market containing nanomaterials Supplementary Survey of Products on the Danish Market containing nanomaterials 5 Foreword The project Supplementary Survey of Products on the Danish Market containing nanomaterials has been carried out from January 2013 to January 2014.

5 The report describes the project results within the product groups that will not be included in the coming Danish Nanoproduct Register1. These include food and feed, food packaging and food contact materials, cosmetics, pesticides, medical devices and water treatment systems. This includes a mapping of the prevalence of Products within the selected groups containing possible nanomaterials on the Danish Market , a literature Survey identifying nanomaterials and Products containing them within the product groups, use and users of the Products as well as an assessment of the future use of nanomaterials in the selected product groups. The project was initiated by identifying relevant nanomaterials and the Products , in which they are used, according to literature, surveys, reports, scientific studies, etc.

6 Subsequently, the mapping was initiated by identifying mainly relevant Danish companies and trade associations, followed by an interview with them on their possible use of nanomaterials . The knowledge gained has been assessed and outlined; however, it was acknowledged that the general knowledge of nanomaterials in the Products was often limited. Eventually, the future use of nanomaterials in the respective product groups was evaluated based on responses from the mapping and current research focuses. The project was carried out by Danish Technological Institute and has been headed by Kathe T nning and MSc, PMP Gitte S rensen as project manager and scientific manager, respectively, with significant contributions from MSc Christian Holst Fischer and MSc Henrik Vejen Kristensen.

7 To assess the progress and results of the project, a steering committee has been set up with the following members: Katrine Bom, the Danish EPA Flemming Ingerslev, the Danish EPA Vivi Johansen, the Danish EPA Kathe T nning, Danish Technological Institute Gitte S rensen, Danish Technological Institute The project was financed by the Danish Finance Act, Agreement 2012-2015 on Better Control of nanomaterials and their Safety ( Bedre styr p nano ). 1 Draft Order on a register of mixtures and articles that contain nanomaterials as well as the requirement for manufacturers and importers to report to the register. Issued pursuant to Article 42 of the Chemicals Act.

8 6 Supplementary Survey of Products on the Danish Market containing nanomaterials Summary This report forms part of a series of projects regarding nanomaterials in Denmark ( Better control of nano ) commissioned by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The objective of the Survey is to identify and map nanoproducts that are not included in the Danish Nanoproduct Register to gain knowledge of the prevalence, use and user groups as well as anticipated future prevalence of nanoproducts on the Danish Market within the identified product groups. Exposure evaluations and risk assessments of the nanoproducts are not part of this Survey . The Survey comprises the product groups: food and feed, food contact materials, cosmetics (colorants, UV filters and preservatives), pesticides, medical devices and water treatment systems.

9 The mapping of the product groups available on the Danish Market covers Products containing materials that are defined as a nanomaterial according to the nanomaterial definition recommended by the European Commission. The literature review includes Danish , European and, when relevant, international occurrences of nanomaterials in Products of each product group. In this Survey , a nanomaterial is defined according to the Recommendation of the EU Commission on the definition of nanomaterials (2011/696/EU), which may differ from the definitions used for specific product groups. Notably, it is important to recognize that the recommended definition includes particulate materials as nanomaterials when more than 50 % of the particles are in the nano range (1-100 nm) using the number-based particle size distribution: A volume- or mass-based size distribution is frequently used in other definitions.

10 Also, aggregates and agglomerates of such particles are included in the definition used in this context. These parameters may mean that more materials than usually termed nanomaterials in the respective regulations are included in this Survey . In addition, the mapping of the prevalence of Products with nanomaterials on the Danish Market includes materials that may or may not be nanomaterials , depending on the grades used or when the exact particle size distribution is not known. For this reason many of the listed Products might, but do not necessarily contain nanomaterials . food and feed The food and feed industries are uncertain whether they use nanomaterials in their Products ; mainly because of the lack of a generally accepted definition and the fact that they do not know the number-based particle size distribution.