SURVEY FIELD PROCEDURES MANUAL Prepared By THE …

1 SURVEY FIELD PROCEDURES MANUAL . Prepared By THE DIVISION OF PLATS AND SURVEYS. MARYLAND STATE HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION. Revised and Edited November,2001. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page 1-00 GENERAL. 1-01 Introduction A. Definition of Surveying B. Importance of Surveying C. Purpose of MANUAL D. Scope of MANUAL 1-02 Organization A. Division of Plats and Surveys B. Duties and Responsibilities 1-03 Public and Internal Relations A. General B. Relations With the Public C. Relations with Property Owners D. Internal Relations 1-04 Safety A. Introduction B. Safety MANUAL C. Responsibilities 1-05 Accident/Injury Reports A. General B. Work Related Injuries and Illness C. Motor Vehicle Accident 1-06 Vehicles A. General B. Safety C. Misuse D. Security E. Purchases of Petroleum Products, Service and Parts F. Preventive Maintenance Program 1-07 Communications A.

2 General B. Telephone C. Mobile Radio System Page 1-08 Work Hours and Travel A. General B. Definitions C. Work Hours D. Lodging E. Meal Allowance F. Mileage 1-09 Reports and Records A. Daily Report Card B. Party Chief's Diary C. Project Card 1-10 Employee Leave A. General B. Requesting Leave C. Unscheduled Absences D. Lateness E. Annual Leave F. Personal Leave G. Sick Leave H. Employee Leave Bank / Leave Donation Program I. Leave Without Pay 2-00 SURVEY EQUIPMENT. 2-01 Control A. Technical Supervisor and Division Procurement Officer B. Party Chief C. GPS Technician 2-02 Care of Equipment A. General B. Total Station Instruments C. Automatic Levels (Self-Leveling) D. Tripods E. Level Rods F. Tapes G. Miscellaneous Equipment and Tools H. Equipment Storage in Vehicles 2-03 SURVEY Party Equipment A. General B.

3 Routine Needs C. Intermittent Needs Page 2-04 Leveling Instruments and Rods A. Policy B. Automatic Levels (Self Leveling) C. Dumpy Levels D. Level Rods 2-05 Angle and Distance Measuring Instruments A. General B. Theodolites C. Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMI) D. Total Station Instruments 2-06 Tapes A. General B. Steel Tapes C. Non-Metallic Tapes 2-07 Hand-Held SURVEY Equipment A. Computers/Calculators B. Compasses C. Hand Level D. Tripods E. Metal Detectors F. Abney Level (Clinometer) 2-08 Paravant Data Collector and Peripherals A. Disk Operating system (DOS) B. Special Functions C. Paravant Configuration D. RHC44E Commands E. Diconix 180si Printer F. CMT Disk Drive G. Ramcard Batteries H. Trouble Shooting 2-09 Tribrachs, Prisms, Prism Poles A. Tribrachs B. Prisms C. Poles 3-00 SURVEY DATUMS AND THE MARYLAND COORDINATE SYSTEM.

4 Page 3-01 Horizontal Datum A. Shape of the Earth B. Position on the Earth C. Azimuths D. North American Datum of 1983 (1991 Adj) 3-02 Vertical Datum A. General B. Policy C. Gravity D. National Geod. Vertical Datum of 1988 E. Local Datums 3-03 Maryland Coordinate System A. Policy B. General C. Description of the Grid D. The Lambert Conformal Projection E. Conversion of Ground Distances to Grid Distances 4-00 ERRORS AND CLASSIFICATIONS OF ACCURACY. 4-01 Accuracy and Precision A. Accuracy B. Precision C. Accuracy Versus Precision D. Significant Figures 4-02 Errors - Definition, Types, and Sources A. General B. Blunders C. Errors 4-03 Classifications of Accuracy A. Policy B. FIELD PROCEDURES C. Reasons for Standards and PROCEDURES Specifications D. Classes of Accuracy to Be Used 5-00 SURVEYING PROCEDURES Page 5-01 Linear Measurement A.

5 General B. Taping C. Electronic Distance Measuring D. Stadia 5-02 Angles and Angular Measurement A. General B. Procedure C. Errors, Correction and Precautions 5-03 Vertical Measurements A. General B. Indirect Vertical Measurement 5-04 Control Monument Setting A. General B. Reconnaissance C. Mark Setting D. Mark Descriptions 6-00 TYPES OF SURVEYS. 6-01 Traverses A. General B. Traverse Specifications C. Traverse Program 6-02 Topography Surveys A. General B. Precision C. Methods D. Scope and Topographic Features 6-03 Cross-Section Surveys A. General B. Controls and Accuracy C. Requirements D. Notes (Conventional) E. Section Program 6-04 Data Collection Surveys Page A. General B. Setup PROCEDURES C. ETSC Program D. Shutting Down the Collector E. Tips For Collection Various Features 6-05 Surveying for Rights of Way A.

6 General B. Metes and Bounds Surveys Page C. Right-of-Way Stakeouts 6-06 Global Positioning System (GPS) Surveys A. General B. Basic Principles of GPS C. FIELD PROCEDURES 6-07 Photogrammetry Surveys A. General B. FIELD PROCEDURES 6-08 Centerline Stakeouts A. General B. PROCEDURES 6-09 Construction Stakeouts A. General B. PROCEDURES 6-10 Boring Stakeouts A. General B. PROCEDURES 6-11 Hydraulic Surveys A. General B. PROCEDURES 6-12 Traffic Signalization Surveys A. General B. FIELD PROCEDURES 6-13 Borrow Pit Surveys Page A. General B. Preliminary Cross-sections C. Final Cross-sections 6-14 Electrification Surveys A. General B. SURVEY Requirements C. Safety Requirements 6-15 Geodetic Leveling Surveys A. General B. Geodetic Leveling Definitions C. Wild 2002 Collimation Test and Adjustment D. Entering Project Data Into Verrec E.

7 Beginning a Section F. Section Running G. Ending a Section 6-16 Re-establishment of Old Baselines A. General B. Recovery of Existing Control and Reference Points C. Traverse D. Set-up of Base Line NOTEKEEPING. 7-01 Purpose and Importance A. Purpose B. Importance C. Definition 7-02 Elements of Notes A. Notebooks B. Format 7-03 Quality of Notes A. General B. Accuracy C. Neatness D. Clarity E. Completeness And Interpretability F. Lettering CHAPTER 1-00 - GENERAL. SECTION 1-01 INTRODUCTION. Revised 11/01. A. DEFINITION OF SURVEYING. In general, surveying is performed to determine the relative location or positioning of points on or near the earth's surface. More specifically, surveying is the science of making measurements, relative to known or assumed datum's and standards, and applying the principles of mathematics to such measurements to determine existing or future horizontal and vertical position, from area, magnitude, boundaries, and extent of land parcels and topographical features.

8 Surveying encompasses the following categories: 1. Geodetic Surveys - Surveys, which establish control networks on a mathematical datum so that measurements will reflect the curved (ellipsoidal) shape of the earth. 2. Land Surveys - Surveys which include retracement of existing land ownership boundaries or the creation of new boundaries. 3. engineering Surveys - Surveys performed for the location, design, construction, maintenance and operation of engineering projects. 4. Construction Surveys - Surveys which establish stakes in the ground, and other like reference points, at known horizontal and vertical positions to define location and size of each component of the facility to be constructed, enable inspection of contract items, and serve as a basis of payment for work. 5. Cartographic Surveys - Map making from original surveys.

9 B. IMPORTANCE OF SURVEYING. 1. The Basic engineering Discipline - Surveying is basic to all civil engineering works. In transportation engineering , surveying provides the foundation and continuity for route location, design, land acquisition, and all other preliminary engineering . Surveys also set a basic "framework" of stakes, which is used by contractors and engineers in building and inspecting transportation projects. 2. The Thread of Continuity - Surveying is the single engineering function which links all the phases of a project including conception, planning design, land acquisition, construction and final monumentation. 3. Basis for Efficiency - To a great degree, the acceptability and cost-effectiveness of planning, land acquisition, design, and construction are dependent upon properly performed surveys.

10 C. PURPOSE OF MANUAL . 1. Primary Objectives - The principal purposes of this MANUAL are to: a. Secure an optimum degree of Statewide uniformity in surveying. b. Establish and maintain SURVEY standards. c. Improve the overall efficiency of the Division's SURVEY function. d. Provide a single reference source for Division-wide surveying policies, PROCEDURES , and information. (The inclusion of regularly used formulas and tables in the "Appendix" will enable the MANUAL user to reduce his library of reference material.). 2. Secondary Objectives - Secondary aims are to provide: a. A comprehensive reference for new employee orientation. b. Source material for training. c. Help employees in other offices gain a better understanding of surveying and its proper relationship to other Administration activities.