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Table 1: Principal IR Absorptions for Certain Functional ...

Table 1: Principal IR Absorptions for Certain Functional Groups absorption Ranges(cm-1). Functional group Names Type of Vibration & [Look for a single absorption causing IR absorption in these regions, unless stated otherwise.]. Example compounds 3000-2800 H-C-H Asymmetric &. Alkanes: Symmetric Stretch (Note: The Absorptions can be seen as several H distinct peaks in this region.). H H. C Methane H 1500-1440 H-C-H Bend C=C-H Asymmetric Alkenes: 3100-3000. Stretch H. H C-C=C Symmetric H3C C 1-Propene 1675-1600. H. Stretch 3300-3200 C H Stretch Alkynes: HC C CH3 Propyne 2200-2100 C C Stretch Aromatic Rings: C=C-H Asymmetric 3100-3000. H Stretch H C H C-C=C Symmetric C C 1600-1580. C C. Benzene Stretch H C H. C-C=C Asymmetric H 1500-1450. Stretch Phenols & Alcohols: Hydrogen-bonded O-H. H. 3600-3100. H Stretch H C OH H OH. C C C (This peak usually appears much C C H (Note: Phenols MUST have broader than the other IR. H C H Aromatic Ring Absorptions too.))

Table 1: Principal IR Absorptions for Certain Functional Groups Functional Group Names & Example compounds Absorption Ranges(cm-1) [Look for a single absorption

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Transcription of Table 1: Principal IR Absorptions for Certain Functional ...

1 Table 1: Principal IR Absorptions for Certain Functional Groups absorption Ranges(cm-1). Functional group Names Type of Vibration & [Look for a single absorption causing IR absorption in these regions, unless stated otherwise.]. Example compounds 3000-2800 H-C-H Asymmetric &. Alkanes: Symmetric Stretch (Note: The Absorptions can be seen as several H distinct peaks in this region.). H H. C Methane H 1500-1440 H-C-H Bend C=C-H Asymmetric Alkenes: 3100-3000. Stretch H. H C-C=C Symmetric H3C C 1-Propene 1675-1600. H. Stretch 3300-3200 C H Stretch Alkynes: HC C CH3 Propyne 2200-2100 C C Stretch Aromatic Rings: C=C-H Asymmetric 3100-3000. H Stretch H C H C-C=C Symmetric C C 1600-1580. C C. Benzene Stretch H C H. C-C=C Asymmetric H 1500-1450. Stretch Phenols & Alcohols: Hydrogen-bonded O-H. H. 3600-3100. H Stretch H C OH H OH. C C C (This peak usually appears much C C H (Note: Phenols MUST have broader than the other IR. H C H Aromatic Ring Absorptions too.))

2 Absorptions . Methanol H (Alcohol). Phenol Carboxylic Acids: 3400-2400 Hydrogen-bonded O-H. (This peak always covers the entire Stretch O region with a VERY BROAD peak.) [Note: This peak can obscure C Formic Acid other peaks in this region.]. H OH. 1730-1650 C=O Stretch Ketones: O. C Acetone 1750-1625 C=O Stretch H3C CH3. 1750-1625 C=O Stretch Aldehydes: O 2850-2800 C-H Stretch off C=O. C Ethanal H3C H 2750-2700 C-H Stretch off C=O. Table 1: Principal IR Absorptions for Certain Functional Groups absorption Ranges(cm-1). Functional group Names Type of Vibration & [Look for a single absorption causing IR absorption in these regions, unless stated otherwise.]. Example compounds Esters: 1755-1650 C=O Stretch O. C CH3 Methyl Formate (1300-1000) (C-O Stretch). H O. Ethers: Diethyl Ether (1300-1000) (C-O Stretch). O. (aka-Ethyl Ether). Amines Primary: 3500-3100. H. N-H Stretch N Ethylamine (TWO PEAKS!). H 1640-1560 N-H Bend Amines Secondary: 3500-3100.

3 N-H Stretch CH3. (ONE PEAK!). N N-Methylethylamine H. 1550-1450 N-H Bend Nitriles: H. H C C N 2300-2200 C N Stretch Methanenitrile H. Nitro Groups: N=O Stretch O. 1600-1500. +. N Nitromethane H3C O. 1400-1300 N=O Bend (Note: Both peaks are <200 cm-1 apart.). Amides: 3500-3100 N-H Stretch (similar to amines). O. 1670-1600 C=O Stretch C Methanamide H3C NH2. 1640-1550 N-H B


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