Tanzania National Guidelines text - WHO

1 National Guidelines For the Management of HIV and AIDS. National AIDS Control Programme (NACP). third edition (revised February 2009 ). Copyright 2008 Government of Tanzania . Contents abbreviations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1. Foreword- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3. Acknowledgements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5.

2 Chapter 1: Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9. Epidemiology of HIV and AIDS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11. Impact of HIV and AIDS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12. National Response- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14. Basic Facts about HIV - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15.

3 Chapter 2: Organization of HIV and AIDS Care and Treatment - - - - - - - - - - - - 23. Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 25. Identifying People Living with HIV and AIDS in Need of Care and Treatment and Sensitization of Communities- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 25. Scope of Activities to Provide Care and Treatment- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 26. Organization of Care and Treatment Services- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 27.

4 Linkages Across a Continuum of Care - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 34. Certification of Health Facilities to Deliver HIV and AIDS. Care and Treatment - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 35. Management of Antiretroviral Medicines- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 41. Chapter 3: HIV and AIDS Prevention- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 47. Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 49.

5 Treatment and Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) - - - - - - - - - - 49. Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV - - - - - - - - - - - - - 49. Condom Programming - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 50. Workplace HIV and AIDS Policy and Programme for the Health Sector - - - - - - - 51. Prevention of HIV Transmission Through Blood Transfusion- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 51. HIV and AIDS Prevention for Sex Workers and Other Vulnerable Groups- - - - - - 51.

6 Youth (in and out of school) and HIV and AIDS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 52. Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 52. Family Planning Services - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 52. Reduction of Stigma and Discrimination - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 53. Male Circumcision- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 53.

7 Chapter 4: HIV Prevention in a Health Care Setting- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 55. Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 57. Prevention of HIV Transmission through Standard Precautions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 57. Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 65. Chapter 5: Laboratory Tests for HIV and AIDS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 79.

8 Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 81. Tests for HIV Diagnosis- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 81. Tests for Monitoring Disease Progress and Treatment Safety- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 83. Tests for diagnosing Opportunistic Infections- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 86. Laboratory Safety Procedures- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 86.

9 Sample Storage Procedures- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 86. Sample Transportation Procedure- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 86. Chapter 6: Management of Common Symptoms and Opportunistic Infections in HIV and AIDS in Adolescents and Adults - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 89. Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 91. Clinical Features Commonly Encountered in Patients with HIV and AIDS- - - - - 92.

10 Prophylactic Treatment of Common Opportunistic Infections in HIV. and AIDS with Co-trimoxazole - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 98. Preventive Therapy against TB in PLHAs- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 101. Treatment of Opportunistic Infections- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 101. Chapter 7: Pediatric HIV and AIDS-related Conditions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 109. Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 111.