TECHNICAL DATA SHEET ISSUED BY TIMBER QUEENSLAND …

1 TIMBER QUEENSLAND LIMITED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 19 PERGOLAS AND carports Revised March 2014 Page 1 This data SHEET contains TIMBER QUEENSLAND s recommendations for attached and detached TIMBER pergolas and carports with relatively flat skillion roofs and lightweight roofing (max 10 kg/m2). It covers the most common TIMBER species, sizes and fixing methods. Where appropriate, separate tables are provided for low wind speed areas (N1, N2, N3 and C1) and higher wind speed area (N4 and C2). Wind classification C3 is beyond the scope of this data SHEET .

2 For alternative stress grades, fixing methods, larger spans, pitched roofs, wind classification C3 etc., refer AS 1684 Residential TIMBER -framed : The sizes and fixings assume pergolas are either roofed (lightweight roofing 10 kg/m3), or could have a roof installed at some future SELECTIONP ergola and carport framing exposed to the weather, including posts fixed above ground, shall be either preservative treated pine, durability class 1 or 2 hardwood, or embedded in the ground shall be in-ground durability class 1 hardwood, preservative treated pine or cypress (sapwood free).

3 Hardwood posts and framing containing sapwood shall be preservative treatment for posts in the ground shall be H5. Exposed framing and posts above ground shall be treated to : Lower durability timbers ( Oregon, Tasmanian Oak, Victorian Ash) are not recommended for pergolas unless fully protected by a SIZEST ables 1, 2, 5 and 10 list the recommended sizes and spans for the most commonly available TIMBER species. For alternative species and larger spans refer AS : When appropriate separate tables are provided for different wind classifications.

4 Tables with a suffix L are for low wind speed areas (N1, N2, N3 and C1). Tables with a suffix H are for higher wind speed areas (N4 and C2).FIXINGSF ixings (stirrups, brackets, bolts, nails etc.) shall be either hot dipped galvanised or stainless 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 contain recommended fixings between the various members. For alternative fixing methods refer AS : When appropriate separate tables are provided for different wind classifications. Tables with a suffix L are for low wind speed areas (N1, N2, N3 and C1).

5 Tables with a suffix H are for higher wind speed areas (N4 and C2).RECOMMENDED PRACTICE // MARCH 2014 PERGOLAS AND CARPORTSTECHNICAL DATA SHEETISSUED BY TIMBER QUEENSLAND19 BattensFootingKnee BraceBeamPostHot dippedgalvanised stirrupEnds of rafters andbeams shaped toreduce end grainexposureLedgerRafterLightweight roo ng(max. 10kg/m2)Note:Fascias, gutters,downpipes, be diagonalbracing betweenposts in both directions(a) Typical attached pergolaBattensFootingKnee BraceBeamPostHot dippedgalvanised stirrupEnds of rafters andbeams shaped toreduce end grainexposureLedgerRafterLightweight roo ng(max.)

6 10kg/m2)Note:Fascias, gutters,downpipes, be diagonalbracing betweenposts in both directions(b) Typical freestanding carportFigure 1 - Terminology TIMBER QUEENSLAND LIMITED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 19 PERGOLAS AND carports Revised March 2014 Page 2 TIMBER POSTST able 1 lists the sizes for TIMBER 1 - TIMBER POSTS - SUPPORTING PERGOLA OR CARPORT ROOF (MAX. 10 KG/M2)Roof Area Supported (m2)51020 Member Size (mm)Maximum Post Height (mm)UnseasonedCypress F575 x 75 100 x 1003400 48002400 4200N/S 3000 Seasoned TreatedPine F770 x 7090 x 903500480025004100N/S2900 UnseasonedHardwood F1475 x 75100 x 100480048003400480024004200 Treated PineRounds F8100 dia 125 dia150 dia480048004800340048004800N/S36004800 ATTACHING POSTS TO TIMBER DECKSP osts supporting roofs or pergolas over TIMBER decks shall occur directly over deck supports.

7 Posts supporting decks and roofs may be continuous from ground to roof beams with deck bearers fixed to sides of posts (refer TECHNICAL Data SHEET 4). Alternatively, posts supporting roofs shall be fixed to bearers with the required fixing type listed in Tables 3 and POSTS IN GROUNDSawn TIMBER posts should preferably be fixed to hot dipped galvanised steel stirrups set in concrete. A minimum clearance of 75 mm shall be provided between the top of the concrete footing or paving and the bottom of the post as a termite inspection embedded in the ground shall be provided with stainless steel mesh socks (TermiMesh) or alternatively the surrounding ground shall be chemically for embedded posts shall be filled with 100 mm depth of coarse gravel (to allow water to drain) before backfilling with concrete or rammed earth.

8 Top of backfill shall be sloped away from posts to shed water. Footings to be engineer designed for both bearing and beamspanHalf beamspanHalf beamspanRoof Area Supported(Post A) =(Post B) = rafteroverhangHalf rafterspanHot dippedgalvanised stirrupTop of footingslopped awayfrom postConcretefooting orrammedearth back ll100 mm75 mmCourse gravel laid atthe base of the postConcrete footing(a) Fixed to stirrup (b) Embedded in groundFigure 3 - Installing postsbeamoverhangHalf beamspanHalf beamspanHalf beamspanRoof Area Supported(Post A) =(Post B)

9 = rafteroverhangHalf rafterspanHot dippedgalvanised stirrupTop of footingslopped awayfrom postConcretefooting orrammedearth back ll100 mm75 mmCourse gravel laid atthe base of the postConcrete footingFigure 2 - Roof area supported by posts TIMBER QUEENSLAND LIMITED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 19 PERGOLAS AND carports Revised March 2014 Page 3 PERGOLA OR CARPORT BEAMST ables 2L and 2H list the sizes and spans for pergola or carport beams in low wind speed and higher wind speed 2L - PERGOLA OR CARPORT BEAMS - (WIND CLASSIFICATIONS N1, N2, N3 AND C1)Member SizeRoof Load Width15003000450060001500300045006000 Maximum Beam Span (mm)

10 Single SpanContinuous SpanUnseasonedCypressF5100 x 50100 x 75125 x 50125 x 75150 x 50150 x 75175 x 50175 x 75200 x 50200 x 75N/S17001800280028003200320037003700420 0N/SN/SN/S1800170023002200280026003100N/ SN/SN/SN/SN/S17001600220021002600N/SN/SN /SN/SN/SN/SN/S18001600220018002300250029 00290034003300410038004700N/S16001600190 0190026002300290027003300N/SN/SN/S160016 0019001900230021002700N/SN/SN/SN/SN/S170 01600190019002200 Seasoned Treated PineF790 x 45120 x 45140 x 452/140 x 35190 x 452/190 x 35240 x 452/240 x 35N/S2000280037003800480049005600N/SN/S1 80026002700350033004600N/SN/SN/S21002100 290027003600N/SN/SN/S1500160025002300310 018002600290038003900530051006700N/S1700 190027002800360034004600N/SN/S1600210021 00300029003800N/SN/SN/S19001900270024003 200 UnseasonedHardwoodF14100 x 50100 x 75125 x 50125 x 75150 x 50150 x 75175 x 50175 x 75200 x 50200 x 75250 x 50250 x