The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List - چرب زبان

1 The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List 570 WORDS YOU NEED TO KNOWThe Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List 570 Words You Need to Know The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List 570 Words You Need to Know 1 The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List 570 Words You Need to Know The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List An Introduction to the Academic Word Family List This is a list of 570 words you need to know if you want to understand the text in the reading and lectures in the listening passage. This list is not exclusive to the TOEFL , but is rather a copy of the original Academic Word List (AWL). The Academic Word List (AWL) was first developed by noted linguist Averil Coxhead in 2001. She compiled a corpus of academic journals and texts across various disciplines and cross-checked each work to find some of the most common academic Vocabulary .

2 In the end, she published the Academic Word List (AWL), a concise catalog of the 570 most common words in academic English. No matter what the subject, you can expect to encounter these 570 words. The TOEFL is designed to measure whether you are prepared to enter a North American university. The reading texts and listening passages are a reflection of the type of material you can expect to encounter in a freshman-level course. If you need to improve your Vocabulary for the TOEFL , particularly for the reading section, this list will be a tremendous help. About the List This is a variation of the AWL. We refer to this list as the Academic Word Family List. Not only do we include each of the headwords listed in the AWL, but we also show its variations. Here s an example below: All words in each row are connected to the meaning of the headword.

3 So, if you know that abstract means existing in thought as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence than you know that other words like abstraction or abstractly should be somewhat connected to the original meaning of abstract . Words are not islands, they are part of a larger family. The goal of this list is to not only expand your Vocabulary but show you that when you learn one word, you learn all the forms of that one word. 2 The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List 570 Words You Need to Know A word of caution, do NOT study every word in each word family. Instead, only focus on understanding the meaning of the headword. If you know the headword, then you can make an accurate guess of the meaning of its variations. A Few Notes Here are a few things to consider before you get started studying the Academic Word Family List.

4 1. All word variations must correspond to the original meaning of the headword. So, for example, the word conduct . I assumed that the meaning of conduct was related to the manner in which a person behaves. However, conduct also means to transmit energy , usually in the form of electricity . Words like conduction and conductivity were not included in this instance because the meaning did not correspond to the original headword. **The only exception to this was the suffixes -ism and -ist , which alone carry almost the same meaning when added to any word. -ist usually implies a believer in a school of though t and -ism usually means a school of thought . Also, both of these suffixes make a noun. 2. Most of the variants include a bound derivational suffix added to the end.

5 Some suffixes with similar endings and meanings were shortened and lumped together since the aim of this chart is to provide students with the most important suffixes that convey a meaning or part of speech. Here are a few examples: -ical -al (a problem, -al also is a noun form) -ier -er -ary, -ery -ry (a problem because -ary and -ery two separate meanings) -ization, -cation -tion -ologist -ist -acy -cy -ically -ly -eous, -ious -ous -al ( noun) - action or process -al, -ial, -ical (adj.) - characterized by, related to -ery, -ry - noun place, condition, practice, quality -ary - also noun, person or thing belonging to -acy , -cy (noun) - state, condition, quality 3 The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List 570 Words You Need to Know 3. Words that contained a bound derivational suffix, but contained a variant spelling were not underlined.

6 Resoluble - spelled differently than -able, -ible analyst - spelled differently than -ist 4. Free morphemes and inflectional morphemes were excluded from this list. 5. This is meant for students to see a connection between separate words. Over time, as you continue to interact with and read through this list, you will begin to recognize patterns in the bound morphemes . 4 The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List 570 Words You Need to Know The Academic Word Family List WORD VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB abandon ( ) abandonment abandoned abstract ( ) abstraction, abstractor, abstractionism, abstractionist abstracted abstractedly, abstractly academy (n.) academics, academism, academia, academicism, academician academical, academic academically access ( ) accessibility accessible accessibly accommodate (v.)

7 Accommodation, accommodationist accommodative, accommodating accommodatingly accompany (v.) accompaniment, accompanist accompanying accumulate (v.) accumulation accumulator accumulative accurate (adj.) accuracy accurate accurately achieve (v.) achievement, achiever achievable acknowledge (v.) acknowledgment acknowledgeable, acknowledged acquire (v.) acquisition, acquisitiveness, acquirement, acquirer, acquiree acquisitive, acquirable acquisitively adapt (v.) adaptability, adaptation, adapter, adaption, adaptationism, adaptationist, adaptivity adaptable, adaptive adaptively, adaptably adequate (adj.) adequately adjacent (adj.) adjacency 5 The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List 570 Words You Need to Know WORD VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB adjust (v.) adjuster, adjustment, adjustability adjustable administrate (v.)

8 Administer, administrator, administration administrative, administrable administratively adult (n/adj.) adulthood, adultness adultly advocate ( ) advocacy, advocation, advocateship affect (v.) affectation, affection, affectlessness, affectedness, affectivity affected, affecting, affectionate, affective, affectional, affectless affectingly, affectionately, affectively, affectedly aggregate ( aggregation, aggregator aggregative aid ( ) aide albeit (conjunction) allocate (v.) allocation, allocator allocable, allocative alter (v.) alteration, alternate, alternation, alternator, alterity, alternant, alternative alternative, alterable, altered, alternant alternately, alternatively alternative (adj.) alternatively ambiguous (adj.) ambiguousness, ambiguity ambiguously amend (v.))

9 Amendment, amender amendable analogy (n.) analogize analogue analogous, analogical, analogic analogically, analogously analyze (v.) analysis, analyst, analyzer, analytics analytical, analyzable, analytic analytically annual (adj.) annualized annually anticipate (v.) anticipation, anticipator, anticipative anticipatory 6 The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List 570 Words You Need to Know WORD VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB apparent (adj.) apparently appreciate (v.) appreciable, appreciation, appreciator, appreciativeness appreciatory, appreciative appreciably, appreciatively approach ( ) approachableness, approachability approaching, approachable appropriate (adj.) appropriacy, appropriator, appropriateness, appropriation, appropriationist appropriated appropriately approximate ( ) approximation approximative approximately arbitrary (adj.)

10 Arbitrariness arbitrarily area (n.) areal aspect (n.) aspectual assemble (v.) assembly, assemblage, assembler assess (v.) assessment, assessor assessable assign (v.) assignment, assignee, assigner, assignation assignable assist (v.) assistance, assister, assistantship assistive assume (v.) assumption assumable, assumptive assumedly assure (v.) assurance, assuredness, assurer assuredly attach (v.) attachment attachable, attached 7 The Ultimate TOEFL Vocabulary List 570 Words You Need to Know WORD VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB attain (v.) attainment, attainability attainable attitude (n.) attitudinize attitudinizer attitudinal attitudinally attribute ( ) attribution attributable, attributive, attributional attributively author ( ) authorship, authoress authorial authority (n.)