Upgrading Lagoons to Remove: Ammonia …

1 Upgrading Lagoons to Remove: Ammonia Nitrification & Phosphorus MWEA Specialty Conference January 23, 2015 Friday - 11:00 to 11:30am Todd Latchaw Nelson Environmental Inc. Choosing an appropriate WWTF SIMPLE COMPLEX Facultative lagoon Aerated Lagoon Aerated Lagoon with TAN/TP Removal Mechanical Plant Membranes (MBR) Meets all anticipated effluent requirements (TAN, BOD, TSS, TP, TN) You do not have to go high-tech to meet stringent effluent requirements Cold climate nitrification facts Stops at temperatures below 4 C in conventional treatment Full nitrification requires temperatures at 8-10 C Nitrification precedes Total Nitrogen removal Lagoon effluent in Northern USA & Canada is typically < 1oC for 3 to 5 months Nitrification occurs once cBOD levels are low (Back end of a lagoon system)

2 Nutrient Removal Phosphorus Total Nitrogen Ammonia BOD TSS Aerated or Facultative Lagoons (BOD & TSS Removal) SAGR (Nitrification) AN-SAGR / Effluent Recycle (Denitrification) Coagulation/ Filtration (TP Removal) Treatment Process Terminology NH3 NH4+ TAN (Total Ammonia ) Ammonia NH3? Ammonium NH4+? Ratio determined By pH and Temperature NH4+ NH3 Ammonium Un-ionized Ammonia Toxic Why is removing Ammonia important? Ammonia toxicity relation to temperature & pH Total (NH3 + NH4+) 10 mg/L 10 mg/L 10 mg/L pH Temperature 5 C 20 C 20 C Un-ionized Ammonia mg/L mg/L mg/L Example Lagoon System that reduce TAN down to 10 mg/L To return to a level of NH3 mg/L Requires an effluent TAN level of mg/L times more toxic times more toxic Influent Aerated or Facultative Ponds CBOD/TSS removal Effluent Continuous discharge Lagoons with TAN & TP Removal SAGR Nitrification/BOD & TSS Polishing & Disinfection Tertiary Filtration TP removal POST LAGOON NITRIFICATION AND EFFLUENT POLISHING What is a SAGR?

3 Fully aerated coarse gravel bed reactor. Stable dense rock media which is not susceptible to temperature shock Designed for cold water treatment ( C) The SAGR removes Ammonia through nitrification and provides BOD/TSS polishing & disinfection Submerged Attached Growth Reactor Primary Feed Secondary Feed Zone 1 Zone 2 Collection Chamber SAGR Aerated Lagoon Retention Time 25 days SAGR Demonstration Site Steinbach, MB Lagoon Influent BOD: 150 to 180 mg/L Demo Site: Avg. Flow Rate: 10,500 13,200 GPD (municipal) Steinbach, MB Data 19-Jul-08 2-Aug-08 16-Aug-08 30-Aug-08 13-Sep-08 27-Sep-08 11-Oct-08 25-Oct-08 8-Nov-08 22-Nov-08 6-Dec-08 20-Dec-08 3-Jan-09 17-Jan-09 31-Jan-09 14-Feb-09 28-Feb-09 14-Mar-09 28-Mar-09 11-Apr-09 25-Apr-09 9-May-09 23-May-09 6-Jun-09 20-Jun-09 4-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 1-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 mg/L ( C) SAGR Following Aerated Lagoon Treatment Cycle SAGR Influent TAN SAGR Effluent TAN SAGR Influent cBOD5 SAGR Effluent cBOD5 Water Temperature SAGR Performance Data Parameters SAGR Influent Averages (mg/L) SAGR Effluent Averages (mg/L) Removal cBOD 47 TSS 30 TAN TKN FC (cfu /100 ml)

4 253000 Average water temperature ( C) University of Manitoba Third Party Winter Operation Verification Data (JANUARY 13 APRIL 21, 2010) Typical SAGR Applications Post Lagoon Nitrification Post Lagoon BOD/TSS Airport De-icing Fluid Treatment Decentralized Treatment Project Examples SAGR projects Steinbach (Demo), MB MGD Lloydminster (Demo), SK MGD Perth (Demo), ON MGD Blumenort (Demo), MB MGD Doaktown, NB MGD Dawson Creek, BC MGD Mentone, IN MGD Glencoe, ON MGD Long Plain FN, MB MGD Sylvan Lake, SD MGD Walker, IA MGD Lamar, MO MGD Shellbrook, SK MGD Balcarres, SK MGD Misipiwistik FN, MB MGD Greenbryre, SK MGD Kennard, IN MGD Guthrie School, ON MGD Kingsley, IA MGD Sundridge, ON MGD New London, IA MGD Colesburg, IA MGD Hull, IA MGD Buffalo, NY Airport* MGD Edmonton, AB Airport* MGD LI MacArthur Airport, NY* MGD Grand Rapids, MI Airport* MGD Completed Municipal SAGR Projects Currently Under Construction * Airport Glycol De-icing Treatment Berne.

5 IN MGD Completed Airport SAGR Projects Mentone, Indiana Facultative lagoon Facultative lagoon SAGR Beds for nitrification Influent 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TAN(mg/L) (Total Ammonia ) WWTP Influent TAN SAGR Influent TAN SAGR Effluent TAN Limit NPDES Permit Requirements: - cBOD5 = 25 mg/L - TSS = 70 mg/L -TAN = mg/L (summer/winter) Design flow = MGD (454 m3/day) Mentone, Indiana Data Mentone, Indiana 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 14-Aug-13 3-Oct-13 22-Nov-13 11-Jan-14 2-Mar-14 21-Apr-14 10-Jun-14 30-Jul-14 18-Sep-14 7-Nov-14 27-Dec-14 TAN (mg/L) Mentone SAGR: Influent & Effluent TAN WWTP Influent TAN SAGR Effluent TAN Disk filter with alum addition for TP removal SAGR for nitrification Two (2) cell controlled discharge lagoon converted into a three (3) cell continuous discharge aerated lagoon Glencoe, Ontario SAGR Influent Effluent discharge Alum addition Glencoe, Ontario Disc Filter Aerated Lagoon Glencoe, Ontario 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 TAN (mg/L) & Water Temp ( C) SAGR: Influent & Effluent TAN (2013-2014) Influent SAGR TAN Effluent SAGR TAN Water Temperature Permit Requirements.

6 -TAN = 3 mg/L Design flow = MGD Glencoe, Ontario TAN (mg/L) Glencoe WWTP - Influent and Effluent TAN 4 Sample Moving Avg Permit Requirements: - cBOD5 = mg/L - TSS = mg/L -TAN = 3 mg/L Design flow = MGD (1746 m3/day) Annual Step Feed Lamar, MO (upgraded facility) Single cell facultative lagoon Two (2) SAGR beds for nitrification Influent Lamar, MO 0 1 2 3 TAN (mg/L) Lamar SAGR : Effluent TAN Effluent TAN Missouri Proposed Limits Lamar Effluent Requirements: - BOD = 10 mg/L -TSS = 10 mg/L - TAN = 1/7 mg/L (summer/winter) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 TAN (mg/L) Lamar SAGR: Influent and Effluent TAN Effluent TAN Water Temperature ( C) Effluent Requirements: - TAN = mg/L (summer/winter) Design Flow 2910 m3/Day ( MGD) Lamar, MO Data 0 1 2 3 4 5 TAN mg/L Lamar, MO: SAGR Effluent TAN Effluent SAGR TAN New Missouri DNR TAN Limits Lamar, Missouri Design Flow 2910 m3/Day ( MGD) Kennard, Indiana Cell # 1 Partial Mix Cell #2 Partial Mix Cell #3 Partial Mix & settling Influent Two (2) SAGR beds for nitrification Kennard, Indiana 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 TAN mg/L Kennard, IN.

7 SAGR Influent & Effluent TAN Raw Wastewater Effluent SAGR TAN Berne, Indiana Cell # 1 Aerated (Partial Mix) Cell # 2 Facultative Lagoon Four (4) SAGR Beds For nitrification Influent Berne, Indiana Construction start-up in November 2014 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL East Selkirk, MB Aerated lagoon with TP removal Rapid mix tank for chemical dispersion and contact. Slow mix tank for coagulation and flocculation. Floc settles in cell 2 Disk Filter The opTPhos Disk Filter is a user-friendly, small foot print, low backwash, high performance tertiary filter for both small and large flow applications. The opTPhos Disk Filter removes suspended solids as small as 5 microns.

8 Sand Filter Process Diagram Contact/Settling Tank Lagoon Effluent Clean Water Reject Stream back to primary lagoon Alum/ Ferric addition for TP Carbon for TN Sand bed Sand cleaning chamber Airlift pumps sand and removed solids to the top of the filter for cleaning Alum In-house jar testing at 18 C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Final TP Conc., mg/L Al to TP mole Ratio Jar Testing: TP Removal vs. Al3+/TP mole ratio Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5a Trial 5b Trial 5c Trial 5d Trial 6 Trial 7 Trial 8 Trail 9a Trial 9b Trial 1: 1 min RM, 30 min SM, 30 min settling Trial 2: 1 min RM, 0 min SM, 30 min settling Trial 3: 0 min RM, 30 min SM, 30 min settling Trial 4: 1 min RM, 3 min SM, 30 min settling Trial 5a: 1 min RM, 30 min SM, 0 min settling Trial 5b: 1 min RM, 30 min SM, 5 min settling Trial 5c: 1 min RM, 30 min SM, 15 min settling Trial 5d: 1 min RM, 30 min SM, 120min settling Trial 6: 1 min RM, 60 min SM, 30 min Settling Trial 7: 4 min RM, 0 min SM, 30 min Settling Trial 8: 4 min RM, 30 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Final TP Conc.

9 , mg/L Al to TP mole Ratio Jar Testing: TP Removal vs. Al3+/TP mole ratio Trial 10 Trial 11 Trial 12 Trial 13 Trial 17 Trial 18 Trial 10: 1 min RM, 30 min SM, 30 min settling Trial 11: 0 min RM, 30min SM, 30 min settling Trial 12: 1 min RM, 4 min SM, 30 min settling Trial 13: 1 min RM, 0 min SM, 30 min settling Trial 17: 4 min RM, 0min SM, 30 min Settling Trial 18: 4 min RM, 30 min SM, 30 min Settling Alum In-house jar testing at C SAGR process provides nitrification to < 1mg/L Ammonia at 100% design flow Consistent BOD/TSS <5/10 mg/L (lower with tertiary filtration) Systems can handle significant variation in incoming water quality without upset Phosphorus <1 mg/L (or mg/L if required) ANSAGR TN removal to effluent levels <10 mg/l are being demonstrated Your Lagoons are likely paid for so use them Conclusion Questions?

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