VR and AR pushing connectivity limits - Qualcomm

1 VR and AR pushing connectivity limitsQualcomm Technologies, Inc.@qualcomm_techOctober 20182 ARandVR are revolutionary interfacesSharing many of the same underlying technologiesAugmented realityVirtual reality3 PlayLearnCommunicateImmersive movies and showsLive concerts, sports, and other eventsInteractive gaming and entertainmentImmersive educationTraining and demos3D design and artSocial interactionsShared personal momentsEmpathetic storytelling VR will offer unprecedentedexperiences and possibilities4AR will serve a broad spectrum of roles in daily lifeApplicable across ages, genders, and activitiesChildren PlayingYoung Adults ExploringFamilies CommunicatingProfessionals WorkingFitness Enthusiasts ThrivingKids chasing virtual characters in more interactive and immersive gamesA young man exploring Rome and seeing the Colosseum as originally builtFamilies virtuallybrought together with life-like communicationArchitects collaborating on a shared designto improve efficiencyGroup runningwith a virtual trainerto motivate them5A glimpse into the future sleek and stylish XR glassesDirectional speakers Tracking and recording camerasInertial, haptic.

2 And health sensorsMany passive and active cameras with fisheye and telephoto lensesOptoelectronic night visionand thermal imaging sensorsMultiple high sensitivityaudio microphonesEye tracking camerasBone conduction transducersMultimode connectivity (4G, 5G, etc.)Ambient light sensorsNew optics and projection technologies within a durable, semitransparent displayHow do we get there?6AR technologies and use cases evolve from mobileVR usage primarily comes from console/TV/PC, but it s also moving towards ARVR HMDC ameraSmartphoneGaming consolesLaptopDesktop PCLandlineTVPDAH andheld gamingAR glassesUltimately, this becomes an imperceptible device that replacesnearly all others7We are accelerating the adoption of VR and ARDesigned to make it easy to develop premium mobile VR and AR experiencesQualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies.

3 Snapdragon 845 SoCSnapdragon VR SDKS napdragon 845 VR HMD Purpose built siliconfor superior mobileVR & ARAccess to advanced VR features to optimize applications and simplify developmentAccelerating the development of standalone head-mounted displays8 DevicesActively working with ecosystem innovatorsHMD AcceleratorProgram (HAP)ISVC omponentsODMIHVRef Design,SDKs &ToolsKPIVR SDKP rofilesAdvancedAlgorithms3 DAudioFoveated and AR will push connectivity requirements*6 DoF: Six degrees of freedomMore capacity, lower costIncreased throughput per useras quality of immersion improves,and more simultaneous usageLow latencyReduces throughput requirements, buffering requirements, and lag for interactive content like tactile Internet and 6 DoF*Uniform experienceFull immersion everywhere requires consistent throughput, even at the cell edge10 Richer visual content Higher resolution, higher frame rate Stereoscopic, High Dynamic Range (HDR), 360 spherical content, 6 DoFVR and AR require efficient increase in wireless capacitySource.

4 ABI ResearchCritical for immersive experiencesConstant up/download onan all-day wearable2 MbpsVideo conferencing5 to 25 MbpsTwo-way telepresence50 to 200 MbpsNext-gen 360 video (8K, 90+ FPS, HDR, stereoscopic)1 MbpsImage and workflow downloading2 to 20 Mbps3D model and data visualization10 to 50 MbpsCurrent-gen 360 video (4K)200 to 5000 Mbps6 DoFvideoorfree-viewpointUplink/ShareBand widthDownlink/Consume11 Low wireless latency is critical for immersionThe air interface is one component of the overall end-to-end latency11 Telco cloud latency (~20 - 50 ms)Lower latency sufficient for many interactive servicesTelco edge latency (down to ~1 ms)Ultra-low latency (close to over-the-air latency) possible with local sourcePublic cloud latency (~50 - 100 ms)Sufficient latency for many streaming services that tolerate buffering (less interactive content)InternetMotion to Photon (MTP)

5 Latency below 15 msgenerally avoids discomfort processed on the device1 Motion to Photon 1 Specific use cases, local edge content, may allow some processing to be intelligently split over the air-interface12A uniform experience is paramount for AR and VRLag, stutter, and stalls are unacceptable for user experience and comfortImmersion must be maintained at all timesConsistent quality, latency No disruptions from buffering No reduction in quality from fluctuating bitratesAnywhere usage From cities to rural area Reliable service even in challenging environments or the cell edgeHigh mobility Fast moving situations, like cars Constant head movementVisualsInteractionsSounds13 Our vision for 5G is a unifying connectivity fabricDelivering always-available, secure cloud accessMission-criticalservicesEnhanced mobilebroadbandUnifying connectivity platform for future innovationMassive Internetof ThingsConvergence of spectrum types/bands, diverse services, and deployments, with new technologies to enable a robust.

6 Future-proof 5G platform14 GigabitLTEB elow 6 GHz5G enhancedmobile broadbandis required to take VR/AR experiences to the next levelExtreme throughput with Multi-GbpsUltra-low latency down to 1 msUniform experience even at cell edgeUbiquitous coverage with Wi-Fi and Gigabit LTE, the anchor of the 5G broadband experienceGigabitLTEB elow 6 GHzAbove 6 GHzNR5G15 Automotive video streamingHigh uniformityCrowded event sharingExtreme capacity6 DoFimmersive contentHigh throughput, low latencyRemote control / Tactile InternetLow latency5 GEssential fornext-gen AR/VR experiences16 Automotive video streamingUniform experienceCoverage: Excellent user experienceanywhere, even at cell edge while moving Cars are becoming increasingly autonomous and efficiently sharedCapacity: ~700 Mbpsper cell with 1% penetration (for 8-lane freeway example)100 MbpsUser cell edge rate with mobility17 Social sharing at crowded venuesLive streaming15,356 viewers10,345 km2upload capacity#9 MitchellReceptions: 12122 ydsTD: 2 Assumptions: 1: 50,000 fans are simultaneously streaming in a km2stadium, 2: Each video is 4K 360 video @ 25 Mbps.

7 Minimum 50 Mbps uplink is one of the IMT-2020 requirements, along with 10 Tbps/km2downlink area density (example for uplink)18 Next-gen video for more immersive experiences(move freely around)Requirements6 DoF*content19 Remote controland tactile InternetReduced latency for better interactivity and expandeduse cases End-to -end latency requirements205G NR massive MIMO brings a more uniform experienceWith higher capacity and better coverage; also enables higher bands, , 4 GHzAssumptions: carrier frequency 4 GHz; total bandwidth: 200 MHz; base station: 256 antenna elements (x-pol), 48dBm Tx power over 200 MHz; UE: 4 Tx/Rx antenna elements, 23dBm max.

8 Tx power; full buffer traffic model, 80% indoor and 20% outdoor UEs4x4 MIMO5G NRMassive MIMOM edian user perceived throughput4x4 MIMO5G NRMassive MIMOCell edge user perceived throughputExploit 3D beamforming with up to 256 antenna elements200m inter-site distance48dBm transmit Mbps195 Mbps27 Mbps79 Mbps215G NR mmWaveis capable of delivering massive capacity Exploiting higher bands and more flexible use of available bandwidthSmall cell densificationEnabling easy/low-cost deployment of small cells with integrated access and backhaulLarge bandwidthLeveraging higher spectrum bands ( , at 28 GHz) previously not available to LTE6 GHz100 GHz1 GHzHigh-bandsFlexible capacityAdapting to network traffic needs with dynamic UL/DL switching, enabled by new self-contained TDD designSimultaneous connectivity with spectrum bands below 6 GHz (Gigabit LTE or 5G NR)ensures a seamless, ubiquitous user experience225G NR scalable over-the-air latency down to 1 msEnhancing VR/AR user experience and enabling new use cases1.

9 Compared to LTE s eight HARQ interlaces; 2. Retransmission may occur immediately in the next TDD subframeLow latency beneficial for 6 DoFto reduce amount of data Reduced round-trip time (RTT)FDDF ewer HARQ1 interlacesDataACKTTI0 TDDSelf-containedsubframedesignGuardperi odCtrl(Tx)Data(Tx)Data and acknowledgement in the same subframe2 DLexampleACK(Rx)101 ACK0 ACK1 ACK0 Scalable TTIHARQ RTT5G NR scalable TTI Down to just two symbols for ultra-low latency controlShorter transmission time interval (TTI)Ultra-low latency for real-time control and feedbackE2E23 Industry-leading R&D5 Ginteroperableglobal standards End-to endsystemprototypesand test bedsCommercial networksand productsCommercial chipsets: Qualcomm Snapdragon X50 5G modemMaking 5G a reality in 2019 Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

10 And/or its in these materials is an offer to sell any of the components or devices referenced herein. 2018 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its affiliated Rights and Snapdragon are trademarks of Qualcomm Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries. Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective in this presentation to Qualcomm may mean Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsidiaries or business units within the Qualcomm corporate structure, as applicable. Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm s licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio.