XBee/XBee-PRO® S2C Zigbee® RF Module User Guide

1 XBee /XBee-PRO S2C Zigbee . RF Module User Guide Revision history 90002002. Revision Date Description AG January 2020 Added IFETEL certifications. AH July 2021 Added safety instructions and UKCA labeling requirements. AJ September 2021 Updated Mexican certifications. AK October 2021 Added a part number for the updated S2C Module . AL November 2021 Added FCC and ISED part numbers. Added PS2C5 antenna table. Trademarks and copyright Digi, Digi International, and the Digi logo are trademarks or registered trademarks in the United States and other countries worldwide. All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of their respective owners. 2020 Digi International Inc. All rights reserved. Disclaimers Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Digi International. Digi provides this document as is, without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of fitness or merchantability for a particular purpose.

2 Digi may make improvements and/or changes in this manual or in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this manual at any time. Warranty To view product warranty information, go to the following website: Customer support Gather support information: Before contacting Digi technical support for help, gather the following information: Product name and model Product serial number (s). Firmware version Operating system/browser (if applicable). Logs (from time of reported issue). Trace (if possible). Description of issue Steps to reproduce XBee/XBee-PRO S2C Zigbee RF Module User Guide 2. Contact Digi technical support: Digi offers multiple technical support plans and service packages. Contact us at +1 or visit us at Feedback To provide feedback on this document, email your comments to Include the document title and part number (XBee/XBee-PRO S2C Zigbee RF Module User Guide , 90002002 AL) in the subject line of your email.

3 XBee/XBee-PRO S2C Zigbee RF Module User Guide 3. Contents XBee/XBee-PRO S2C Zigbee RF Module User Guide Note on product naming 15. Applicable firmware and hardware 15. Firmware release notes 15. Safety instructions 15. XBee modules 15. technical specifications Performance specifications 17. Power requirements 17. General specifications 17. Networking and security specifications 18. Communication interface specifications 18. Regulatory conformity summary 19. Serial communication specifications 21. UART pin assignments 21. SPI pin assignments 21. GPIO specifications 21. Hardware specifications for the programmable variant 22. Hardware Mechanical drawings 25. Pin signals for the surface-mount Module 26. Pin signals for the through-hole Module 29. EM357 pin mappings 30. Design notes 31. Power supply design 31. Board layout 31. Antenna performance 32. Recommended pin connections 32. Design notes for PCB antenna devices 33. Design notes for RF pad devices 34.

4 Module operation for the programmable variant 37. Programmable XBee SDK. Programmable connections 39. XBee/XBee-PRO S2C Zigbee RF Module User Guide 4. Operation Serial interface 42. UART data flow 42. Serial data 42. SPI communications 43. SPI operation 43. Serial port selection 44. Serial buffers 44. Serial receive buffer 45. Serial transmit buffer 45. UART flow control 45. CTS flow control 45. RTS flow control 46. Break control 46. Serial interface protocols 46. Transparent operating mode 46. API operating mode 46. Compare Transparent and API operation 47. Modes 48. Idle mode 49. Transmit mode 49. Receive mode 50. Command mode 50. Sleep mode 52. Zigbee networks The Zigbee specification 54. Definitions 54. Zigbee node types 54. Zigbee protocol 55. Zigbee stack layers 55. Zigbee networking concepts 57. Device types 57. PAN ID 59. Operating channels 59. Zigbee application layers: in depth 60. Application Support Sublayer (APS) 60.

5 Application profiles 60. Zigbee coordinator operation 61. Form a network 61. Security policy 62. Channel selection 62. PAN ID selection 62. Persistent data 62. Coordinator startup 62. Permit joining 63. Reset the coordinator 64. Leave a network 64. Replace a coordinator (security disabled only) 65. Example: start a coordinator 65. Example: replace a coordinator (security disabled) 66. Router operation 66. XBee/XBee-PRO S2C Zigbee RF Module User Guide 5. Discover Zigbee networks 66. Join a network 67. Persistent data 67. Zigbee router joining 67. Permit joining 68. Router network connectivity 69. End device operation 71. Discover Zigbee networks 71. Join a network 72. End device capacity 72. Persistent data 73. Orphan scans 73. End device joining 73. Parent connectivity 74. Reset the end device 74. Leave a network 75. Example: join a network 75. Zigbee channel scanning 75. Manage multiple Zigbee networks 76. Filter PAN ID 76.

6 Configure security keys 76. Prevent unwanted devices from joining 76. Application messaging framework 77. Transmission, addressing, and routing Addressing 79. 64-bit device addresses 79. 16-bit device addresses 79. Application layer addressing 79. Data transmission 79. Broadcast transmissions 79. Unicast transmissions 80. Address resolution 80. Address table 81. Group table 82. Binding transmissions 82. Address resolution 82. Binding table 82. Multicast transmissions 83. Address resolution 83. Fragmentation 83. Data transmission examples 83. Transparent mode 83. API mode 84. API frame 85. RF packet routing 85. Link status transmission 86. AODV mesh routing 87. Many-to-One routing 90. High/Low RAM Concentrator mode 90. Source routing 90. Encrypted transmissions 95. Maximum RF payload size 95. Throughput 97. XBee/XBee-PRO S2C Zigbee RF Module User Guide 6. Latency timing specifications 98. ZDO transmissions 98. Send a ZDO command 98.

7 Receiving ZDO command and responses 99. Transmission timeouts 101. Unicast timeout 101. Extended timeout 102. Transmission examples 102. Zigbee security Security modes 106. Zigbee security model 106. Network layer security 106. APS layer security 108. Trust center 109. Forming or joining a secure network 109. Implement security on the XBee/XBee-PRO Zigbee RF Module 109. Enabling security 110. Setting the network security key 110. Set the APS trust center link key 110. Enable APS encryption 110. Use a trust center 111. Security examples 111. Network commissioning and diagnostics Place devices 113. Test links in a network - loopback cluster 113. RSSI indicators 114. Device discovery 114. Network discovery 114. ZDO discovery 114. Joining Announce 115. Commissioning pushbutton and associate LED 115. Commissioning pushbutton 115. Associate LED 116. Binding 117. End_Device_Bind_req 117. Example of a End_Device_Bind_req 120. Group Table API 120.

8 Add Group command 120. View group 121. Get Group Membership 123. Remove Group 125. Remove All Groups 126. Default responses 128. Common status codes 128. Manage End Devices End device operation 131. Parent operation 131. XBee/XBee-PRO S2C Zigbee RF Module User Guide 7. End Device poll timeouts 132. Packet buffer usage 132. Non-Parent device operation 133. End Device configuration 133. Pin sleep 134. Cyclic sleep 136. Recommended sleep current measurements 140. Achieve the lowest sleep current 140. Compensate for switching time 140. Internal pin pull-ups 141. Transmit RF data 141. Receiving RF data 141. I/O sampling 142. Wake end devices with the Commissioning Pushbutton 142. Parent verification 142. Rejoining 142. Router/Coordinator configuration 143. RF packet buffering timeout 143. Child poll timeout 143. Transmission timeout 144. Short sleep periods 144. Extended sleep periods 144. Sleep examples 144. Example 1: Configure a device to sleep for 20 seconds, but set SN such that the On/sleep line will remain de-asserted for up to 1 minute 144.

9 Example 2: Configure an end device to sleep for 20 seconds, send 4 I/O samples in 2. seconds, and return to sleep 145. Example 3: configure a device for extended sleep: to sleep for 4 minutes 145. Analog and digital I/O lines Configurable I/O pins and configuration commands 148. XBee ZB through-hole RF Module 148. I/O configuration 149. I/O sampling 150. Queried sampling 151. Periodic I/O sampling 152. Change detection sampling 152. RSSI PWM 152. I/O examples 153. PWM1 153. API Operation API frame format 155. API operation (AP parameter = 1) 155. API operation-with escaped characters (AP parameter = 2) 155. Data bytes that need to be escaped: 156. Length 156. Frame data 156. Calculate and verify checksums 157. API examples 158. API serial exchanges 159. AT commands 159. XBee/XBee-PRO S2C Zigbee RF Module User Guide 8. Transmit and Receive RF data 160. Remote AT commands 160. Source routing 161. Device Registration 161. Send ZDO commands with the API 161.

10 Example 163. Send Zigbee cluster library (ZCL) commands with the API 164. Example 167. Send Public Profile Commands with the API 169. Frame specific data 169. Example 172. Frame descriptions Local AT Command Request - 0x08 176. Description 176. Format 176. Examples 176. Queue Local AT Command Request - 0x09 178. Description 178. Examples 178. Transmit Request - 0x10 180. Description 180. Transmit options bit field 181. Examples 182. Explicit Addressing Command Request - 0x11 184. Description 184. 64-bit addressing 184. 16-bit addressing 184. Zigbee-specific addressing information 184. Reserved endpoints 185. Reserved cluster IDs 185. Reserved profile IDs 185. Transmit options bit field 186. Examples 187. Remote AT Command Request - 0x17 190. Description 190. Format 190. Examples 191. Create Source Route - 0x21 193. Description 193. Format 193. Examples 194. Local AT Command Response - 0x88 195. Description 195. Examples 195.