Distillation Theory - NTNU

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19Draft - /home/ivarh/thesis/ : 11 August 2000Chapter 2Distillation TheorybyIvar J. Halvorsen and Sigurd SkogestadNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Engineering7491 Trondheim, NorwayThis is a revised version of an article acceptedfor publication in the Encyclopedia of SeparationScience by Academic Press Ltd. (submitted in1999). This article gives some of the basics ofdistillation Theory and its purpose is to providebasic understanding and some tools for simple handcalculations of Distillation columns. The methodspresented here can be used for simple estimates andto check more rigorous - /home/ivarh/thesis/ : 11 August is a very old separation technology for separating liquid mixtures thatcan be traced back to the chemists in Alexandria in the first century Todaydistillation is the most important industrial separation technology. It is particu-larly well suited for high purity separations since any degree of separation can beobtained with a fixed energy consumption by increasing the number of equilib-rium describe the degree of separation between two components in a column or ina column section, we introduce the separation factor:( )where herexdenotes mole fraction of a component, subscriptLdenotes lightcomponent,Hheavy component,Tdenotes the top of the section, is relatively straightforward to derive models of Distillation co

19 Draft - /home/ivarh/thesis/book/DistillationTheory_ch.fm Version: 11 August 2000 Chapter 2 Distillation Theory by Ivar J. Halvorsen and Sigurd Skogestad

  Theory, Distillation, Distillation theory