Transcription of 11 Microbial fact sheets - WHO
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11 Microbial fact sheets - WHO
221 fact sheets are provided on potential waterborne pathogens as well as on indicatorand index potential waterborne pathogens include: bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths identified in Table and Figure ,with the exception ofSchistosoma, which is primarily spread by contact with contaminated surface water during bathing and washing; potentially emerging pathogens, including Helicobacter pylori,Tsukamurella,Isospora belliand microsporidia, for which waterborne transmission is plausi-ble but unconfirmed; Bacillus, which includes the foodborne pathogenic species Bacillus cereusbut forwhich there is no evidence at this time of waterborne transmission; and hazardous human health effects caused by waterborne transmission vary in severity frommild gastroenteritis to severe and sometimes fatal diarrhoea, dysentery, hepatitis andtyphoid fever. Contaminated water can be the source of large outbreaks of disease,including cholera, dysentery and cryptosporidiosis; for the majority of waterbornepathogens, however, there are other important sources of infection, such as person-to-person contact and waterborne pathogens are introduced into drinking-water supplies in humanor animal faeces, do not grow in water and initiate infection in the gastrointestinaltract following ingestion.
11. MICROBIAL FACT SHEETS 223 clinical strains, suggesting some degree of pathogenic potential for strains isolated from groundwater.Acinetobacter spp. are part of the natural microbial flora of the skin and occasionally the respiratory tract of healthy individuals.
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