Transcription of CHAPTER 9 SOLAR DESALINATION - MIT
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CHAPTER 9 SOLAR DESALINATION - MIT
CHAPTER 9. SOLAR DESALINATION . John H. Lienhard,1, Mohamed A. Antar,2 Amy Bilton,1 Julian Blanco,3 &. Guillermo Zaragoza4. 1. Center for Clean Water and Clean Energy, Room 3-162, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA. 2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia 3. Plataforma SOLAR de Almeria, Carretera de Senes s/n, 04200 Tabernas (Almeria), Spain 4. Visiting Professor of Electrical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia . Address all correspondence to John H. Lienhard E-mail: In many settings where freshwater resources or water supply infrastructure are inadequate, fossil energy costs may be high whereas SOLAR energy is abundant. Further, in the industri- alized world, government policies increasingly emphasize the replacement of fossil energy by renewable, low-carbon energy, and so water scarce regions are considering SOLAR -driven DESALINATION systems as a supplement to existing freshwater supplies.
Q_ rate of heat transfer into system, J s¡1 Q_ least minimum (reversible) rate of heat transfer to separate, J s¡1 q charge of an electron, C qb heat loss through still material to surroundings (ground), W m¡2 qc convection heat transfer from water to glass cover, W m¡2 qga heat transfer from the glass cover to ambient air, W m¡2
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