Transcription of COMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
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ChapterCOMPLEX NUMBERS ANDQUADRATIC EQUATIONSW. R. Hamilton(1805-1865) Mathematics is the Queen of Sciences and Arithmetic is the Queen ofMathematics. GAUSS IntroductionIn earlier classes, we have studied linear EQUATIONS in oneand two variables and QUADRATIC EQUATIONS in one have seen that the equation x2 + 1 = 0 has no realsolution as x2 + 1 = 0 gives x2 = 1 and square of everyreal number is non-negative. So, we need to extend thereal number system to a larger system so that we canfind the solution of the equation x2 = 1. In fact, the mainobjective is to solve the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, whereD = b2 4ac < 0, which is not possible in the system ofreal COMPLEX NumbersLet us denote 1 by the symbol i. Then, we have 21i= . This means that i is asolution of the equation x2 + 1 = number of the form a + ib, where a and b are real NUMBERS , is defined to be acomplex number .
COMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS 99 5.3.3 Multiplication of two complex numbers Let z 1 = a + ib and z 2 = c + id be any two complex numbers. Then, the product z 1 z 2 ...
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