Transcription of JULY 2016 LRFD BRIDGE DESIGN 11-1
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JULY 2016 LRFD BRIDGE DESIGN 11-1
july 2016 lrfd BRIDGE DESIGN 11-1 This section contains guidance for the DESIGN and detailing of abutments, piers, retaining walls, and noise walls. Abutments and piers are used to support BRIDGE superstructures, whereas walls primarily function as earth retaining structures. In most cases, abutments, piers, and walls are reinforced concrete elements. The preferred details for connecting the superstructure to the substructure are dependent on the geometry and type of BRIDGE . For example, flexible substructure units supported by a single line of piles may be constructed integral with the superstructure.
JULY 2016 LRFD BRIDGE DESIGN 11-2 skew ≤ [45 - 0.125 (L - 100)] degrees, where L is the length of the bridge in feet. Bridge horizontal alignment is straight.
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