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Pathophysiology of Respiratory Failure and Use of ...
Pathophysiology of Respiratory Pathophysiology of Respiratory Failure and Failure and Use of Mechanical Ventilation Use of Mechanical Ventilation Puneet Katyal, MBBS, MSHI Puneet Katyal, MBBS, MSHI Ognjen Gajic Ognjen Gajic, MD , MD Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USAD efinition Definition n n Chest wall (including Chest wall (including pleura and pleura and diaphragm) diaphragm) n n Airways Airways n n Alveolar Alveolar capillary capillary units units n n Pulmonary circulation Pulmonary circulation n n Nerves Nerves n n CNS or Brain Stem CNS or Brain Stem n n Respiratory Failure is a syndrome of inadequate Respiratory Failure is a syndrome of inadequate gas exchange due to dysfunction of one or more gas exchange due to dysfunction of one or more essential components of the Respiratory system: essential components of the Respiratory system: Respiratory System Respiratory System Lung: Alveolar Unit Brain Spinal cord Nerves Intercostal muscles Chest wall A
Classification nn Type III Respiratory Failure:Type III Respiratory Failure: Perioperative respiratory failure nn Increased atelectasis due to low functional residual capacity (( FRCFRC ) in the setting of abnormal abdominal wall mechanics nn Often results in type I or type II respiratory failure nn Can be ameliorated by anesthetic or operative technique, postureposture ,
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