Predicate Logic - Stanford University

CHAPTER14FF FFPredicateLogicWe now turn our attention to a generalization of propositional Logic , called predi-cate, or first-order, Logic . predicates are functions ofzero or more variables thatreturn Boolean values. Thus predicates can be true sometimes and false sometimes,depending on the values of their arguments. For example, we shall find in predicatelogic atomic operands such ascsg(C, S, G). Here,csgis the Predicate name, andC,S, andGare arguments. We can think of this expression as a representationin Logic of the database relation Course-Student-Grade of Fig.

Literals A literal is either an atomic formula or its negation. If there are no variables among Ground literal the arguments of the atomic formula, then the literal is a ground literal. 2 Constants are often called “atoms” in logic. Unfortunately, what we have referred to as “atomic formulas” are also called “atoms” at times.

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