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Thermal properties of graphene: Fundamentals and …

Thermal properties of graphene: Fundamentals and applications Eric Pop, Vikas Varshney, and Ajit K. Roy Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) material with over 100-fold anisotropy of heat flow between the in-plane and out-of-plane directions. High in-plane Thermal conductivity is due to covalent sp2 bonding between carbon atoms, whereas out-of-plane heat flow is limited by weak van der Waals coupling. Herein, we review the Thermal properties of graphene, including its specific heat and Thermal conductivity (from diffusive to ballistic limits) and the influence of substrates, defects, and other atomic modifications.

T o understand the thermal properties of graphene, one must fi rst inspect the lattice vibrational modes (phonons) of the material. The graphene unit cell, marked by dashed lines in Figure 1a , contains N = 2 carbon atoms. This leads to the formation of three acoustic (A) and 3 N – 3 = 3 optical (O) phonon modes,

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